地震近场记录中来自沉积盆地底部的S-P转换波震相
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摘要
在1989年10月和1991年3月大同地震余震的近场记录中,发现P波与S波到时之间还存在一个附加震相.对地震的精确定位表明,有一些带有附加震相的地震记录是在临界角之内的台站得到的,因而可以排除附加震相为地表折射波的可能性.用质点运动轨迹分析方法对附加震相的振动方向进行分析后认为,附加震相的运动特性与P波的运动特性一致,因而,可能是来自沉积盆地底部的S-P转换波.设定一个低速的沉积层覆盖在速度较高的基岩之上的速度结构模型,用合成地震图技术模拟出这次地震的附加震相,从而确认该附加震相为盆地底部的S-P转换波.调整传播路径上沉积基底的深度,可以得到一个概略性的盆地底部的图象,即大同盆地底部是一个沿桑干河河谷中部深、两侧浅的“V”形盆底.
From the near-field records of aftershocks of October 1989 and March 1991 Datong earthquakes, an extra phase between P and S arrivals is found. High-precision epicenter location shows that some of these records are obtained with the incidental angle less than the critical angle. This excludes the possibility that the extra wave phase is a refractive wave from ground surface. Particle motion analysis shows that the characteristic of the extra wave is similar to that of P wave, therefore it is very possible that the extra phase is an S to P convert wave from the bottom of sediment basin. Suppose a low velocity layer covers on a high velocity basement. Successful simulation by synthetic seismogram conforms that the extra phase is an S-P convert wave from the interface of basin bottom. Modifying the depth of interface at each ray path to match the waveform, we obtain an interface distribution in space. In this way a brief imagine of bottom could be shown, and Datong Basin has a "V" shape basin bottom.
From the near-field records of aftershocks of October 1989 and March 1991 Datong earthquakes, an extra phase between P and S arrivals is found. High-precision epicenter location shows that some of these records are obtained with the incidental angle less than the critical angle. This excludes the possibility that the extra wave phase is a refractive wave from ground surface. Particle motion analysis shows that the characteristic of the extra wave is similar to that of P wave, therefore it is very possible that the extra phase is an S to P convert wave from the bottom of sediment basin. Suppose a low velocity layer covers on a high velocity basement. Successful simulation by synthetic seismogram conforms that the extra phase is an S-P convert wave from the interface of basin bottom. Modifying the depth of interface at each ray path to match the waveform, we obtain an interface distribution in space. In this way a brief imagine of bottom could be shown, and Datong Basin has a "V" shape basin bottom.
引文
王培德,陈运泰,王鸣.1993.中国西南地区近震源强地面运动特征[M].北京:地震出版社.120
王培德,克劳茨 S.2000.1989年10月和1991年3月大同地震的活动断裂[J].地震地磁观测与研究,21（6）:19～25
徐锡伟,邓起东.1988.晋西北张性盆岭构造及其形成的力学机制[J].中国地震,4（2）:19～27
Aki K. Richards P G. 1980. Quantitative Seismology: Theory and Methods. Volume I[M]. San Francisco: W.H.Freeman andCompany, 557
Kennett B L N. 1980. Seismic wave in a straitifield half space- 11. Theoretical seisinograms[J]. Geophys J R astr Soc. 61:1-10
Kennett B L N. 1983. Seismic Wave Propagation in Straitifield Media[M]. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 339
Stammler K. 1993. Seismic Handle-programable multichannel data handler for interactive and automatic processing ofseismological analyses[J]. Computer and Geosciences, 19(2) : 135-140
王培德,克劳茨 S.2000.1989年10月和1991年3月大同地震的活动断裂[J].地震地磁观测与研究,21（6）:19～25
徐锡伟,邓起东.1988.晋西北张性盆岭构造及其形成的力学机制[J].中国地震,4（2）:19～27
Aki K. Richards P G. 1980. Quantitative Seismology: Theory and Methods. Volume I[M]. San Francisco: W.H.Freeman andCompany, 557
Kennett B L N. 1980. Seismic wave in a straitifield half space- 11. Theoretical seisinograms[J]. Geophys J R astr Soc. 61:1-10
Kennett B L N. 1983. Seismic Wave Propagation in Straitifield Media[M]. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 339
Stammler K. 1993. Seismic Handle-programable multichannel data handler for interactive and automatic processing ofseismological analyses[J]. Computer and Geosciences, 19(2) : 135-140
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