从德令哈地震分析青藏高原北缘东段的深部构造活动
|
摘要
在祁连山南北布设的10台REFTEK宽频地震仪器记录到了2003年4月发生在仪器台阵范围内的6．7级地震及其数十次余震,提供了研究青藏高原北缘深部构造的新资料,对3级以上震源的定位和震源机制研究结果表明,柴达木盆地北缘逆冲左行走滑断裂东段的宗务隆山逆冲断裂在南北挤压作用下引发了此次地震活动,是陆陆碰撞和内陆俯冲的结果,青藏高原北缘的走滑断裂在浅部呈缓倾斜,深部往往以较陡的产状向下延伸。震源区的构造分析证实了印度板块岩石圈的超深俯冲作用对高原北缘的影响,受南北向应力作用影响形成的走滑断裂近东西向的位移目前仍很剧烈。
An earthquake of magnitude 6.7 and dozens of aftershocks were recorded by ten Rf FTEK broad-band seismographs in the range of the array of seismograph stations deployed north and south of the Qilian Mountains in April 2003. These records provide new data for the study of the deep structures on the northern Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau. The focus location and focal mechanism study of the shocks of magnitudes >3 show that those earthquakes were initiated by the Jun Ul Mountain thrust fault in the eastern segment of the northern Qaidam basin sinistral strike-slip fault under north-east compression and are the result of continent-continent collision and intracontinental subduction.The strike-slip fault on the northern margin of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau dips gently in the shallow levels of the earth's crust, while in the deep levels it usually dips steeply toward the interior. The structure analysis of the hypocenter area verified the influence of the super-deep subduction of the Indian lithospheric plate on the northern margin of the plateau. The nearly east-west displacement of the strike-slip fault formed by the action of north-south stress is still very intense at present.
An earthquake of magnitude 6.7 and dozens of aftershocks were recorded by ten Rf FTEK broad-band seismographs in the range of the array of seismograph stations deployed north and south of the Qilian Mountains in April 2003. These records provide new data for the study of the deep structures on the northern Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau. The focus location and focal mechanism study of the shocks of magnitudes >3 show that those earthquakes were initiated by the Jun Ul Mountain thrust fault in the eastern segment of the northern Qaidam basin sinistral strike-slip fault under north-east compression and are the result of continent-continent collision and intracontinental subduction.The strike-slip fault on the northern margin of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau dips gently in the shallow levels of the earth's crust, while in the deep levels it usually dips steeply toward the interior. The structure analysis of the hypocenter area verified the influence of the super-deep subduction of the Indian lithospheric plate on the northern margin of the plateau. The nearly east-west displacement of the strike-slip fault formed by the action of north-south stress is still very intense at present.
引文
[1]许志琴,姜枚,杨经绥,等．青藏高原的地幔结构:地幔羽、地幔剪 切带及岩石圈俯冲板片的拆沉[J]．地学前缘,2004,11(4):329- 343． Xu Zhiqin, Jiang Mei, Yang Jingsui,et al. Mantle structure of Qinghai -Tibet Plateau: Mantle plume,mantle shear zone and delamination of lithospheric slab [J]. Earth Science Frontiers,2004, (4):329-343 (in Chinese with English abstract).
[2] Peltzer G , Tapponnier P. Formation and evolution of strike slip faults, rifts, and basins during the India -Asia collision: An experimental approach[J]Journal of Geophysical Research, 1988,93 (12): 1508-15117.
[3] Avouacjp, Tapponnier P. Kinematic model of active deformation in central Asia [J]. Geophys Res Lett, 1993, 20:895-898.
[4] Xu Zhiqin, Yang Jingsui, Xu Qiang, et al. Mesozoic crustal evolution and dynamics of the east Kunlun-Taggula composite mountain chains[A] . Proc 30th Int'l, Geol Congr[C]. 1997,7:7-20.
[5]郭坤一,张传林,赵宇,等．西昆仑造山带东段中新远古代洋内弧 火山岩地球化学特征．[J].中国地质,2002,29(2):161-166 Guo Kunyi, Zhang Chuanlin,Zhao Yu, et al. Geochemistry of Meso-and Neoproterozoic intra-oceanic arc volcanic rocks in the eastern segment of the western Kunlun orogenic belt[J]. Geology in China, 2002, 29(2) :161-166(in Chinese with English abstract).
[6]李勇,侯中建,司光影,等.青藏高原东缘新生代构造层序与构造 事件[J]．中国地质,2002,29(1):30-36． Li Yong, Hou Zhongjian, Si Guangying, et al. Cenozoic tectonic sequence and tectonic events at the eastern margin of Qinghai Tibet plateau[J]. Geology in China, 2002, 29(1):30-36(in Chinese with English abstract).
[7]葛肖虹,刘永江,任收麦．青藏高原隆升动力学与阿尔金断裂[J]． 中国地质,2002,29(4):346-350． Ge Xiaohong, Liu Yongjiang, Ren Shoumai Uplift dynamics of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and Altun fault[J]. Geology in China, 2002, 29(4) :346-350(in Chinese with English abstract).
[8]杨经绥,王希斌,史仁灯,等．青藏高原北部东昆仑南缘德尔尼蛇 绿岩:一个被肢解了的古特提斯洋壳[J].中国地质,2004,31(3): 225-239． Yang Jingsui, Wang Xibin, Shi Rendeng, et al. The Dur'ngoi ophi-olite in East Kunlun,northern Qinghai-Tibet Plateau;a fragment of paleo-Tethyan oceanic crust[J]. Geology in China, 2004,31(3): 225-239(in Chinese with English abstract).
[9] 王有学,韩果花,姜枚,等．阿尔泰-阿尔金地学断面地壳结构[J]. 地球物理学报,2004,47(2):240-249． Wang Youxue,Han Guohua.Jiang Mei,et al.Crustal structure along the geosciences transect from Altay to Altun Tagh[J]. Chinese Journal of Geophsics,47(2): 240-249 (in Chinese with English abstract).
[10] 王有学,Mooney W D,韩果花,等．台湾-阿尔泰地学断面阿尔 金-龙门山剖面的地壳纵波速度结构[J]．地球物理学报,2005 年,48(1):98-106． Wang Youxue,Walter D.Mooney,Han Guohua, et al. Crustal P-wave velocity structure from Altyn Tagh to Longmen mountains a long the Taiwan-Altay [J] Chinese Journal of Geophsics,2005,48 (1):98-106(in Chinese with English abstract).
[11] Wang Youxue , Walter D.Mooney, et al.The crustal structure from the Altai Mountains to the Altyn Tagh fault, northwest China [J] Joumal of Geophysical Research, Vol. 108, NO.B6, 2322,doi:10.1029/2001 JB000552, 2003.
[12] Galve A, Jiang M,Hirn A,et al. Explosion Seismic P and S velocity and attenuation constraints on the lower crust of the North-Central Tibetan Plateau , and comparison with the Tethyan Himalayas: implication on composition,mineralogy, temperature ,and tectonic evolution[J]. Tectonphysics. 2006(in prees).
[13] Galve A, Him A, Jiang M,et al. Modes of raising northeastern Tibet probed by explosion seismology[J]. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 2002, 203:35-43.
[14]薛光琦,钱辉,姜枚,等．青海东北部天然地震探测与岩石圈深部 特征[J].地球物理学报,2003,24(1):19-26． Xue Guangqi, Qian Hui, Jiang Mei, et al. Studies on the velocity structure of crust-upper mantle beneath North-east Qinghai.China [J]. Acta Geoscientica Sinica,2003,24(1):19-26(in Chinese with English abstract).
[15]许志琴,曾令森,杨经绥,等．走滑断裂、“挤压性盆-山构造”与 油气资源关系的探讨[J].地球科学,2004,29(6):631-643． Xu Zhiqin ,Zeng Lingsen, Yang Jingsui, et al. Role of large-scale strike-slip faults in the formation of petroleum-bearing compres-sional basin-mountain range System[J]. Earth Science,2004,29 (6): 631-643 (in Chinese with English abstract).
[16]崔军文,唐哲民,邓晋福,等．阿尔金断裂系[M]．北京:地质出版 社,1999． Cui Junwen, Tang Zhemin, Deng Jinfu, et al. Altyn Tagh Fault System[M]. Beijing:Geological Publishing House, 1999(in Chinese with English abstract).
[17]孙长虹,钱荣毅,肖园林．2003年青海德令哈6．7级地震序列的 重新定位和发震构造[J].物探与化探．2006,30(1):79-82． Sun Changhong, Qian Rongyi, Xiao Yuanlin. Relocation and earthquake structure of the magnitude 6.7 Delingha earthquake-sequence in Qinghai province[J]. Geophysical & Geodemical Exploration. 2006,30 (1): 79-82(in Chinese with English abstract).
[18]张明．青藏高原北缘天然地震的震源机制研究[R]．2006． Zhang Ming. The study of seismic focal mechanism in northern Qinghai-Tibet Plateau margin[R]. 2006(in Chinese).
[19]李海鸥,姜枚,王有学．青藏高原地壳的低速层与部分熔融[J]．物 探与化探,2004,28(4):290-293． Li Haiou, Jiang Mei, Wang Youxue. Low - velocity layers and partial melting in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau[J]. Geophysical and Geo-chemical Exploration,2004,28(4):290-293(in Chinese with English abstract).
[20]姜枚,许志琴,Hirn A,等．2003青藏高原及其邻区地震各向异性 和上地幔特征[J].地球学报,2001,27(2):111-116． Jiang Mei, Xu Zhiqin, Him A, et al. Teleseimic anisotropy and corresponding features of the upper mantle in Tibet Plateau and its neighboring areas[J]. Acta Geoscientia Sinica, 2001,27(2): 111-116 (in Chinese with English abstract).
[21]董英君,姜枚．青藏高原西部叶城-狮泉河地区岩石圈各向异性 研究[J].岩石矿物学杂志,2005,24(5):418-424． Dong Yingjun, Jiang Mei. Study of anisotropy within lithosphere of western Tibetan Plateau [J]. Acta Petrologica et Mineralogica, 2005, 24(5) :418-424(in Chinese with English abstract).
[22]徐纪人,赵志新,石川有三．青藏高原中南部岩石圈扩张应力场 与羊八井地热异常形成机制[J].地球物理学报,2005,48(4): 861-869． Xu Jiren, Zhao Zhixin, Ishikawa Yuzo. Extensional stress field in the central and southern Qinghai -Tibetan plateau and dynamic mechanism of geothernic anomaly in the Yangbajain area [J]. Chinese Journal of Geophsics,2005, 48(4):861-869 (in Chinese with English abstract).
[23]王勇,许厚泽．青藏高原印度洋板块向欧亚大陆俯冲速率的研 究-GPS观测资料的反演结果[J]．地球物理学报,2003,46(2): 185-190． Wang Yong, Xu Houze. A study on convergence rate of the India Plate to Eruasia Subduction Beneath Qinghai Xizang Plateau-inversion results from GPS observational data[J]. Chinese Journal of Geophsics,2003,46(2):185-190 (in Chinese with English abstract).
[24] Bcndick R B, Freymueller J, et al.Geodetic evidence for a low slip rate on the Altyn tagh fruit system[J]. Nature ,2000. 404:69-72.
[2] Peltzer G , Tapponnier P. Formation and evolution of strike slip faults, rifts, and basins during the India -Asia collision: An experimental approach[J]Journal of Geophysical Research, 1988,93 (12): 1508-15117.
[3] Avouacjp, Tapponnier P. Kinematic model of active deformation in central Asia [J]. Geophys Res Lett, 1993, 20:895-898.
[4] Xu Zhiqin, Yang Jingsui, Xu Qiang, et al. Mesozoic crustal evolution and dynamics of the east Kunlun-Taggula composite mountain chains[A] . Proc 30th Int'l, Geol Congr[C]. 1997,7:7-20.
[5]郭坤一,张传林,赵宇,等．西昆仑造山带东段中新远古代洋内弧 火山岩地球化学特征．[J].中国地质,2002,29(2):161-166 Guo Kunyi, Zhang Chuanlin,Zhao Yu, et al. Geochemistry of Meso-and Neoproterozoic intra-oceanic arc volcanic rocks in the eastern segment of the western Kunlun orogenic belt[J]. Geology in China, 2002, 29(2) :161-166(in Chinese with English abstract).
[6]李勇,侯中建,司光影,等.青藏高原东缘新生代构造层序与构造 事件[J]．中国地质,2002,29(1):30-36． Li Yong, Hou Zhongjian, Si Guangying, et al. Cenozoic tectonic sequence and tectonic events at the eastern margin of Qinghai Tibet plateau[J]. Geology in China, 2002, 29(1):30-36(in Chinese with English abstract).
[7]葛肖虹,刘永江,任收麦．青藏高原隆升动力学与阿尔金断裂[J]． 中国地质,2002,29(4):346-350． Ge Xiaohong, Liu Yongjiang, Ren Shoumai Uplift dynamics of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and Altun fault[J]. Geology in China, 2002, 29(4) :346-350(in Chinese with English abstract).
[8]杨经绥,王希斌,史仁灯,等．青藏高原北部东昆仑南缘德尔尼蛇 绿岩:一个被肢解了的古特提斯洋壳[J].中国地质,2004,31(3): 225-239． Yang Jingsui, Wang Xibin, Shi Rendeng, et al. The Dur'ngoi ophi-olite in East Kunlun,northern Qinghai-Tibet Plateau;a fragment of paleo-Tethyan oceanic crust[J]. Geology in China, 2004,31(3): 225-239(in Chinese with English abstract).
[9] 王有学,韩果花,姜枚,等．阿尔泰-阿尔金地学断面地壳结构[J]. 地球物理学报,2004,47(2):240-249． Wang Youxue,Han Guohua.Jiang Mei,et al.Crustal structure along the geosciences transect from Altay to Altun Tagh[J]. Chinese Journal of Geophsics,47(2): 240-249 (in Chinese with English abstract).
[10] 王有学,Mooney W D,韩果花,等．台湾-阿尔泰地学断面阿尔 金-龙门山剖面的地壳纵波速度结构[J]．地球物理学报,2005 年,48(1):98-106． Wang Youxue,Walter D.Mooney,Han Guohua, et al. Crustal P-wave velocity structure from Altyn Tagh to Longmen mountains a long the Taiwan-Altay [J] Chinese Journal of Geophsics,2005,48 (1):98-106(in Chinese with English abstract).
[11] Wang Youxue , Walter D.Mooney, et al.The crustal structure from the Altai Mountains to the Altyn Tagh fault, northwest China [J] Joumal of Geophysical Research, Vol. 108, NO.B6, 2322,doi:10.1029/2001 JB000552, 2003.
[12] Galve A, Jiang M,Hirn A,et al. Explosion Seismic P and S velocity and attenuation constraints on the lower crust of the North-Central Tibetan Plateau , and comparison with the Tethyan Himalayas: implication on composition,mineralogy, temperature ,and tectonic evolution[J]. Tectonphysics. 2006(in prees).
[13] Galve A, Him A, Jiang M,et al. Modes of raising northeastern Tibet probed by explosion seismology[J]. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 2002, 203:35-43.
[14]薛光琦,钱辉,姜枚,等．青海东北部天然地震探测与岩石圈深部 特征[J].地球物理学报,2003,24(1):19-26． Xue Guangqi, Qian Hui, Jiang Mei, et al. Studies on the velocity structure of crust-upper mantle beneath North-east Qinghai.China [J]. Acta Geoscientica Sinica,2003,24(1):19-26(in Chinese with English abstract).
[15]许志琴,曾令森,杨经绥,等．走滑断裂、“挤压性盆-山构造”与 油气资源关系的探讨[J].地球科学,2004,29(6):631-643． Xu Zhiqin ,Zeng Lingsen, Yang Jingsui, et al. Role of large-scale strike-slip faults in the formation of petroleum-bearing compres-sional basin-mountain range System[J]. Earth Science,2004,29 (6): 631-643 (in Chinese with English abstract).
[16]崔军文,唐哲民,邓晋福,等．阿尔金断裂系[M]．北京:地质出版 社,1999． Cui Junwen, Tang Zhemin, Deng Jinfu, et al. Altyn Tagh Fault System[M]. Beijing:Geological Publishing House, 1999(in Chinese with English abstract).
[17]孙长虹,钱荣毅,肖园林．2003年青海德令哈6．7级地震序列的 重新定位和发震构造[J].物探与化探．2006,30(1):79-82． Sun Changhong, Qian Rongyi, Xiao Yuanlin. Relocation and earthquake structure of the magnitude 6.7 Delingha earthquake-sequence in Qinghai province[J]. Geophysical & Geodemical Exploration. 2006,30 (1): 79-82(in Chinese with English abstract).
[18]张明．青藏高原北缘天然地震的震源机制研究[R]．2006． Zhang Ming. The study of seismic focal mechanism in northern Qinghai-Tibet Plateau margin[R]. 2006(in Chinese).
[19]李海鸥,姜枚,王有学．青藏高原地壳的低速层与部分熔融[J]．物 探与化探,2004,28(4):290-293． Li Haiou, Jiang Mei, Wang Youxue. Low - velocity layers and partial melting in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau[J]. Geophysical and Geo-chemical Exploration,2004,28(4):290-293(in Chinese with English abstract).
[20]姜枚,许志琴,Hirn A,等．2003青藏高原及其邻区地震各向异性 和上地幔特征[J].地球学报,2001,27(2):111-116． Jiang Mei, Xu Zhiqin, Him A, et al. Teleseimic anisotropy and corresponding features of the upper mantle in Tibet Plateau and its neighboring areas[J]. Acta Geoscientia Sinica, 2001,27(2): 111-116 (in Chinese with English abstract).
[21]董英君,姜枚．青藏高原西部叶城-狮泉河地区岩石圈各向异性 研究[J].岩石矿物学杂志,2005,24(5):418-424． Dong Yingjun, Jiang Mei. Study of anisotropy within lithosphere of western Tibetan Plateau [J]. Acta Petrologica et Mineralogica, 2005, 24(5) :418-424(in Chinese with English abstract).
[22]徐纪人,赵志新,石川有三．青藏高原中南部岩石圈扩张应力场 与羊八井地热异常形成机制[J].地球物理学报,2005,48(4): 861-869． Xu Jiren, Zhao Zhixin, Ishikawa Yuzo. Extensional stress field in the central and southern Qinghai -Tibetan plateau and dynamic mechanism of geothernic anomaly in the Yangbajain area [J]. Chinese Journal of Geophsics,2005, 48(4):861-869 (in Chinese with English abstract).
[23]王勇,许厚泽．青藏高原印度洋板块向欧亚大陆俯冲速率的研 究-GPS观测资料的反演结果[J]．地球物理学报,2003,46(2): 185-190． Wang Yong, Xu Houze. A study on convergence rate of the India Plate to Eruasia Subduction Beneath Qinghai Xizang Plateau-inversion results from GPS observational data[J]. Chinese Journal of Geophsics,2003,46(2):185-190 (in Chinese with English abstract).
[24] Bcndick R B, Freymueller J, et al.Geodetic evidence for a low slip rate on the Altyn tagh fruit system[J]. Nature ,2000. 404:69-72.
版权所有：© 2023 中国地质图书馆 中国地质调查局地学文献中心