利用地震资料定量反演孔隙度和饱和度的新方法
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摘要
提出了一种基于岩石物理模型与混合优化算法同时反演孔隙度和饱和度的新方法。将孔隙度和饱和度的取值范围加入反演过程作为约束,能提高反演的稳定性和精度。基于地震纵、横波速度反演结果,直接得到油藏参数值。该方法也可以推广到直接利用地震振幅属性来进行反演。分析了不同属性组合对孔隙度和饱和度反演结果的影响。模型计算结果表明,该方法具有精度高、稳定性好等优点,同时易于推广到多种岩石物理模型、多地震属性组合与多参数定量反演中。
A new method for simultaneous inversion of porosity and saturation based on rock-physics model and hybrid optimization method was presented.The principles of rock-physics model and hybrid optimization method and the inversion process were introduced.The valued range of porosity and saturation were entered into the inversion process and taken as the constraint of inversion to enhance the precision and stabilization of inversion.The seismic data used in the inversion were based on the inversion of seismic velocity.The influence of seismic attributes combination on inversion result was discussed.The forward modeling data show that the proposed method has some advantages of more precise inversion result and stable inversion process and can be generalized to the inversions using other rock-physics model,reservoir parameters and multiple seismic attributes.
A new method for simultaneous inversion of porosity and saturation based on rock-physics model and hybrid optimization method was presented.The principles of rock-physics model and hybrid optimization method and the inversion process were introduced.The valued range of porosity and saturation were entered into the inversion process and taken as the constraint of inversion to enhance the precision and stabilization of inversion.The seismic data used in the inversion were based on the inversion of seismic velocity.The influence of seismic attributes combination on inversion result was discussed.The forward modeling data show that the proposed method has some advantages of more precise inversion result and stable inversion process and can be generalized to the inversions using other rock-physics model,reservoir parameters and multiple seismic attributes.
引文
[1]张一伟,熊琦华.陆相油藏描述.北京:石油工业出版社,1997:1-20.
[2]刘雯林.油气田开发地震技术[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1996:100-140.
[3]陈遵德,祝文亮,王卫华,等.孔隙度预测中的地震特征优化方法及应用[J].石油学报,1999,20(1):50-55.
[4]马中高,管路平,贺振华,等.利用模型正演优选地震属性进行储层预测[J].石油学报,2003,24(6):35-39.
[5]Domenico S N.Effect of water saturation on seismic reflectivityof sand reservoir encased in shale[J].Geophysics,1974,39(6):759-769.
[6]Domenico S N.Effect of brine-gas mixture on velocity in an un-consolidated sand reservoir[J].Geophysics,1976,41(5):882-894.
[7]Gregory A R.Fluid saturation effects on dynamic elastic proper-ties of sedimentary rocks[J].Geophysics,1976,41(5):895-911.
[8]Meissner R,Hegazy M A.The ratio of the PPt-o the SS-reflec-tion coefficient as possible future method to estimate oil and gasreservoirs[J].Geophysics Prospecting,1981,29(4):533-540.
[9]Theodoros Klimentos.Attenuation of P-and S-waves as a methodof distinguishing gas and condensate from oil and water[J].Geo-physics,1995,60(2):447-458.
[10]Mavko G,Mukerji T,Dvorkin J.The rock physics handbook[M].Cambridge:Cambridge University Press,1998:175-220.
[11]陈,黄庭芳.岩石物理学[M].北京:北京大学出版社,2001:20-100.
[12]Koesoemadinata A P,McMechan G A.Petro-seismic inversionfor sandstone properties[J].Geophysics,2003,68(5):1 611-1 625.
[13]Koesoemadinata A P,McMechan G A.Empirical estimation ofviscoelastic seismic parameters from petrophysical properties ofsandstone[J].Geophysics,2001,66(5):1 457-1 470.
[14]李景叶.时移地震AVO反演在油藏定量解释中的应用[J].石油学报,2005,26(3):68-73.
[15]刘洋.利用地震资料估算孔隙度和饱和度的一种新方法[J].石油学报,2005,26(2):61-64.
[16]Graul M,Hilterman F.地震岩性学[M].谢剑鸣,译.北京:石油工业出版社,1987:9-26.
[17]Batzle M,Wang Z.Seismic properties of pore fluids[J].Geophys-ics,1992,57(11):1 396-1 408.
[18]Goldberg D E.Genetic algorithms in search,optimization and ma-chine learning[M].Massachusetts:Addison-Wesley Pub.Co.,1989:20-100.
[19]Stoffa P L,Sen M K.Nonlinear multiparameter optimization u-sing genetic algorithms:Inversion of plane-wave seismograms[J].Geophysics,1991,56(11):1 794-1 810.
[20]Mallick S,Huang X,Lauue J,et al.Hybrid seismic inversion:Areconnaissance tool for deepwater exploration[J].The LeadingEdge,2000,19(11):1 230-1 236.
[21]陈宝林.最优化理论与算法[M].北京:清华大学出版社,1989:1-100.
[2]刘雯林.油气田开发地震技术[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1996:100-140.
[3]陈遵德,祝文亮,王卫华,等.孔隙度预测中的地震特征优化方法及应用[J].石油学报,1999,20(1):50-55.
[4]马中高,管路平,贺振华,等.利用模型正演优选地震属性进行储层预测[J].石油学报,2003,24(6):35-39.
[5]Domenico S N.Effect of water saturation on seismic reflectivityof sand reservoir encased in shale[J].Geophysics,1974,39(6):759-769.
[6]Domenico S N.Effect of brine-gas mixture on velocity in an un-consolidated sand reservoir[J].Geophysics,1976,41(5):882-894.
[7]Gregory A R.Fluid saturation effects on dynamic elastic proper-ties of sedimentary rocks[J].Geophysics,1976,41(5):895-911.
[8]Meissner R,Hegazy M A.The ratio of the PPt-o the SS-reflec-tion coefficient as possible future method to estimate oil and gasreservoirs[J].Geophysics Prospecting,1981,29(4):533-540.
[9]Theodoros Klimentos.Attenuation of P-and S-waves as a methodof distinguishing gas and condensate from oil and water[J].Geo-physics,1995,60(2):447-458.
[10]Mavko G,Mukerji T,Dvorkin J.The rock physics handbook[M].Cambridge:Cambridge University Press,1998:175-220.
[11]陈,黄庭芳.岩石物理学[M].北京:北京大学出版社,2001:20-100.
[12]Koesoemadinata A P,McMechan G A.Petro-seismic inversionfor sandstone properties[J].Geophysics,2003,68(5):1 611-1 625.
[13]Koesoemadinata A P,McMechan G A.Empirical estimation ofviscoelastic seismic parameters from petrophysical properties ofsandstone[J].Geophysics,2001,66(5):1 457-1 470.
[14]李景叶.时移地震AVO反演在油藏定量解释中的应用[J].石油学报,2005,26(3):68-73.
[15]刘洋.利用地震资料估算孔隙度和饱和度的一种新方法[J].石油学报,2005,26(2):61-64.
[16]Graul M,Hilterman F.地震岩性学[M].谢剑鸣,译.北京:石油工业出版社,1987:9-26.
[17]Batzle M,Wang Z.Seismic properties of pore fluids[J].Geophys-ics,1992,57(11):1 396-1 408.
[18]Goldberg D E.Genetic algorithms in search,optimization and ma-chine learning[M].Massachusetts:Addison-Wesley Pub.Co.,1989:20-100.
[19]Stoffa P L,Sen M K.Nonlinear multiparameter optimization u-sing genetic algorithms:Inversion of plane-wave seismograms[J].Geophysics,1991,56(11):1 794-1 810.
[20]Mallick S,Huang X,Lauue J,et al.Hybrid seismic inversion:Areconnaissance tool for deepwater exploration[J].The LeadingEdge,2000,19(11):1 230-1 236.
[21]陈宝林.最优化理论与算法[M].北京:清华大学出版社,1989:1-100.
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