可控震源地震数据初至时间拾取方法
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摘要
如今中国境内可控震源勘探作业大多采用扫描信号与地震仪器接收信号进行互相关方式获取共炮点道集数据,这一过程通常在野外地震仪器系统上通过硬件完成。对于互相关单炮记录,相关噪声的存在降低了初至波的信噪比,需对单炮记录进行最小相位化处理后拾取初至时间;采用扫描信号或地面力信号对振动记录做反褶积处理,能改善初至波信噪比,使初至起跳更加干脆,从而可提高初至时间拾取精度和静校正精度。在低信噪比地区,宜采用人机交互方式拾取初至,通过改变显示方式等改善初至起跳效果,以提高初至拾取精度和静校正精度。
Nowadays for most vibroseis acquisition in China,common shot-point gather datasets were acquired by cross-correlating vibroseis scanning signal and the received signal by seismic recording system,this process was normally accomplished by hardware in seismic recording system.For the cross-correlation single shot record,the existence of the coherent noise reduces the signal to noise ratio of the first arrival,so the minimum phase processing for the record is needed before picking up the first arrival.By utilizing scanning signal or surface signal to conduct deconvolution processing for the seismic records,the signal to noise ratio of the first arrival can be improved and the first arrival taking-off can be much more clear so that the first arrival picking up accuracy and static accuracy can be raised.In low signal to noise ratio area,the HCI(Human-computer interaction)mode should be adopted,by changing display mode the first arrival taking-off effect can be improved and the accuracy for the first arrival picking up and the static correction can be raised.
Nowadays for most vibroseis acquisition in China,common shot-point gather datasets were acquired by cross-correlating vibroseis scanning signal and the received signal by seismic recording system,this process was normally accomplished by hardware in seismic recording system.For the cross-correlation single shot record,the existence of the coherent noise reduces the signal to noise ratio of the first arrival,so the minimum phase processing for the record is needed before picking up the first arrival.By utilizing scanning signal or surface signal to conduct deconvolution processing for the seismic records,the signal to noise ratio of the first arrival can be improved and the first arrival taking-off can be much more clear so that the first arrival picking up accuracy and static accuracy can be raised.In low signal to noise ratio area,the HCI(Human-computer interaction)mode should be adopted,by changing display mode the first arrival taking-off effect can be improved and the accuracy for the first arrival picking up and the static correction can be raised.
引文
[1]Yil maz.Seismic Data Analysis:Processing,Inver-sion and Interpretation of seismic Data.Second Edi-tion,SEG,2001,219～222
[2]Ristow Dand Jurczyk D.Vibroseis deconvolution.Ge-ophysical Prospecting,1975,23(2):363～379
[3]黄绪德.反褶积与地震道反演.北京:石油工业出版社,1992,1～10
[4]Brittle K F,Lines L R and Dey A K.Vibroseis decon-volution:a synthetic comparison of cross correlation and frequency domain sweep deconvolution.CREWES Research Report,Depart ment of Geology and Geophys-ics,University of Calgary,2000,Vol12:257～266
[5]Brittle K F,Lines L Rand Dey A K.Vibroseis decon-volution:an example from pikes peak,sask atchewan.CSEG Recorder,May issue,2001,29～35
[6]Allen K P,Johnson ML,May J S.Highfidelity vibra-tory seismic(HFVS)method for acquiring seismic da-ta.SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts,1998,17:140～143
[2]Ristow Dand Jurczyk D.Vibroseis deconvolution.Ge-ophysical Prospecting,1975,23(2):363～379
[3]黄绪德.反褶积与地震道反演.北京:石油工业出版社,1992,1～10
[4]Brittle K F,Lines L R and Dey A K.Vibroseis decon-volution:a synthetic comparison of cross correlation and frequency domain sweep deconvolution.CREWES Research Report,Depart ment of Geology and Geophys-ics,University of Calgary,2000,Vol12:257～266
[5]Brittle K F,Lines L Rand Dey A K.Vibroseis decon-volution:an example from pikes peak,sask atchewan.CSEG Recorder,May issue,2001,29～35
[6]Allen K P,Johnson ML,May J S.Highfidelity vibra-tory seismic(HFVS)method for acquiring seismic da-ta.SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts,1998,17:140～143
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