基于相位编码的地震照明度分析
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摘要
地震照明分析是面向目标的地震正演技术。本文通过相位编码合成平面波源,采用单程波傅里叶有限差分(FFD)算子进行波场延拓,对地质目标体进行高效的面炮照明分析。全炮照明分析从全局考察能量在地下介质中的分布,大大提高了计算效率;单炮照明分析可以显示能量在局部范围的分布情况,克服了平面波源无空间局部性的缺点。综合全炮照明和单炮照明分析确定地质构造对地震能量传播的影响。对于能量较弱的目标区,利用照明统计方法,选择对目标区能量贡献大的最优炮点位置。通过对理论模型和桥口地区实际资料分析,表明该方法具有高效、快速和精度高的优点。
Seismic illumination analysis is target-oriented seismic forward technique. Using phase encoding to synthesize plane wave source and adopting oneway wave Fourier finite-difference (FFD) operator to carry out wavefield continuation, the paper implemented the planar shot illumination analysis with high efficiency for geologic targets. The all shot illumination analysis can investigate globally the distribution of energy in subsurface medium, greatly improving the computational efficiency; single shot illumination analysis can show the distribution of energy in local range, overcoming the shortcoming of non-spatial locality in planar wave source. Integrative analysis of all shot illumination with single shot illumination can determine the influence of geologic structures on propagation of seismic energy. For the target zone with weak energy, we use illumination statistical approach and select the optimum shot positions having big energy contribution to target zone. The theoretical model and practical application and analysis in Qiaokou area showed that the approach is characteristic of high efficiency,speed and precision.
Seismic illumination analysis is target-oriented seismic forward technique. Using phase encoding to synthesize plane wave source and adopting oneway wave Fourier finite-difference (FFD) operator to carry out wavefield continuation, the paper implemented the planar shot illumination analysis with high efficiency for geologic targets. The all shot illumination analysis can investigate globally the distribution of energy in subsurface medium, greatly improving the computational efficiency; single shot illumination analysis can show the distribution of energy in local range, overcoming the shortcoming of non-spatial locality in planar wave source. Integrative analysis of all shot illumination with single shot illumination can determine the influence of geologic structures on propagation of seismic energy. For the target zone with weak energy, we use illumination statistical approach and select the optimum shot positions having big energy contribution to target zone. The theoretical model and practical application and analysis in Qiaokou area showed that the approach is characteristic of high efficiency,speed and precision.
引文
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[5]Muerdter D and Ratcliff D.Understanding subsalt il-lumination through ray-trace modeling,Part3:Salt ridges and furrows,and the i mpact of acquisition ori-entation.The Leading Edge,2001,20(8):803～816
[6]Hoff mann J.Illumination,resolution andi mage qual-ity of PP-and PS-waves for survey planning.The Leading Edge,2001,20(9):1008～1014
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[9]Berkhout AJ.Areal shot-recorded technology.Jour-nal of Seismic Exploration,1992,(3):251～264
[10]Rietveld WE A,Berkhout AJ,Wapenaar C P A.Opti mum seismic illumination of hydrocarbon reser-voirs.Geophysics,1992,57(10):1334～1345
[11]Wu Ru-Shan,Chen L.Mapping directional illumina-tion and acquisition-aperture efficacy by beamlet prop-agator.The Expanded Abstracts of72nd SEG Mtg,2002,1352～1355
[12]WuRu-Shan,ChenL,Wang Y.Syntheticbeam-sources and plane-sources for prestack beamlet migration.The Expanded Abstracts of72nd SEG Mtg,2002,1336～1339
[13]Wu Ru-Shan,Chen L.Directional illumination analy-sis using beamlet decomposition and propagation.Ge-ophysics,2006,71(4):S147～S159
[14]冯伟,王华忠,吴如山,马在田.面向目标控制照明的合成波源偏移.石油物探,2004,43(3):223～228
[15]Romero L A,Ghiglia D C,Ober C C,Morton S A.Phase encoding of shot records in prestack migration.Geophysics,2000,65(2):426～436
[16]Liu Fa-qi,Stolt R H,Hanson D W,Day R S.Plane wave source composition:An accurate phase encoding scheme for prestack migration.The Expanded Ab-stracts of72nd SEG Mtg,2002
[17]Sun Pei-yong,Zhang Shu-lun,Liu Fa-qi.Prestack migration of areal shot records with phase encoding.The Expanded Abstracts of72nd SEG Mtg,2002
[18]张叔伦,孙沛勇.快速面炮记录叠前深度偏移.石油地球物理勘探,2002,37(4):333～338
[19]Dietrich R,Thomas R.Fourier finite-difference mi-gration.Geophysics,1994,59(12):1882～1893
[20]董良国,吴晓丰,唐海忠等.逆掩推覆构造的地震波照明与观测系统优化.石油物探,2006,45(1):40～47
[2]Bear G,Lu C,Lu Rand Willen D.The construction of subsurface illumination and amplitude maps via ray tracing.The Leading Edge,2000,19(7):726～728
[3]Muerdter D and Ratcliff D.Understanding subsalt il-lumination through ray-trace modeling,Part1:Si m-ple2-D salt models.The Leading Edge,2001,20(6):578～594
[4]Muerdter D,Kelly Mand Ratcliff D.Understanding subsalt illumination through ray-trace modeling,Part2:Dipping salt bodies,salt peaks,and nonreciprocity of subsalt amplitude response.The Leading Edge,2001,20(7):688～697
[5]Muerdter D and Ratcliff D.Understanding subsalt il-lumination through ray-trace modeling,Part3:Salt ridges and furrows,and the i mpact of acquisition ori-entation.The Leading Edge,2001,20(8):803～816
[6]Hoff mann J.Illumination,resolution andi mage qual-ity of PP-and PS-waves for survey planning.The Leading Edge,2001,20(9):1008～1014
[7]张钋,刘洪,李幼铭.射线追踪方法的发展现状.地球物理学进展,2000,15(1):36～45
[8]Xie Xiao-Bi,Jin Shengwen,Wu Ru-Shan.Wave-equa-tion-based seismic illumination analysis.Geophysics,2006,71(5):S169～S177
[9]Berkhout AJ.Areal shot-recorded technology.Jour-nal of Seismic Exploration,1992,(3):251～264
[10]Rietveld WE A,Berkhout AJ,Wapenaar C P A.Opti mum seismic illumination of hydrocarbon reser-voirs.Geophysics,1992,57(10):1334～1345
[11]Wu Ru-Shan,Chen L.Mapping directional illumina-tion and acquisition-aperture efficacy by beamlet prop-agator.The Expanded Abstracts of72nd SEG Mtg,2002,1352～1355
[12]WuRu-Shan,ChenL,Wang Y.Syntheticbeam-sources and plane-sources for prestack beamlet migration.The Expanded Abstracts of72nd SEG Mtg,2002,1336～1339
[13]Wu Ru-Shan,Chen L.Directional illumination analy-sis using beamlet decomposition and propagation.Ge-ophysics,2006,71(4):S147～S159
[14]冯伟,王华忠,吴如山,马在田.面向目标控制照明的合成波源偏移.石油物探,2004,43(3):223～228
[15]Romero L A,Ghiglia D C,Ober C C,Morton S A.Phase encoding of shot records in prestack migration.Geophysics,2000,65(2):426～436
[16]Liu Fa-qi,Stolt R H,Hanson D W,Day R S.Plane wave source composition:An accurate phase encoding scheme for prestack migration.The Expanded Ab-stracts of72nd SEG Mtg,2002
[17]Sun Pei-yong,Zhang Shu-lun,Liu Fa-qi.Prestack migration of areal shot records with phase encoding.The Expanded Abstracts of72nd SEG Mtg,2002
[18]张叔伦,孙沛勇.快速面炮记录叠前深度偏移.石油地球物理勘探,2002,37(4):333～338
[19]Dietrich R,Thomas R.Fourier finite-difference mi-gration.Geophysics,1994,59(12):1882～1893
[20]董良国,吴晓丰,唐海忠等.逆掩推覆构造的地震波照明与观测系统优化.石油物探,2006,45(1):40～47
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