鄂尔多斯西缘前陆盆地巨厚黄土地区地震采集技术
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摘要
鄂尔多斯西缘前陆盆地表层地质地貌极其复杂,有巨厚黄土区、黄土-沙漠区及山前砾石-黄土区,独特的黄土地貌使得地震采集面临着诸多技术难题。根据以往巨厚黄土地区地震采集经验,采用多种方法系统地开展黄土表层结构精细调查,深入研究黄土地球物理特征及激发因素与表层黄土结构之间的关系,优选激发井位和井深,确保了激发效果;采用小道距、三线小线距、高密度空间采样技术,获得了高信噪比、高分辨率地震资料。研究表明,巨厚黄土地区地震采集时应优选激发井位和岩性,合理选择激发井深;坚持多深井组合激发、单井药量不宜过大总药量要大两项基本原则;采用高密度采样技术,提高采集资料的覆盖次数和信噪比。图10表1参15
The surface geology and topography of the western foreland of the Ordos Basin are very complicated.There are thick loess,loess-deserts and mountain front hilly gravel-loess.The loess surface structure is systematically investigated using various methods,and the relationships between the loess geophysical characteristics,the shooting factors,and the surface loess structure are studied.Optimum shooting well location and depth are selected to guarantee the shooting results.High resolution and high signal-noise data are gained by using small trace intervals,small line intervals between three lines,and high density space sampling techniques.The following principles should be taken in thick loess areas: optimizing shooting location and lithology,reasonably selecting of shooting well depth;insisting on multiple and deep well combination shooting,with the whole quantity of charge being large while less charge in single wells;improving fold and resolution by high density sampling techniques.
The surface geology and topography of the western foreland of the Ordos Basin are very complicated.There are thick loess,loess-deserts and mountain front hilly gravel-loess.The loess surface structure is systematically investigated using various methods,and the relationships between the loess geophysical characteristics,the shooting factors,and the surface loess structure are studied.Optimum shooting well location and depth are selected to guarantee the shooting results.High resolution and high signal-noise data are gained by using small trace intervals,small line intervals between three lines,and high density space sampling techniques.The following principles should be taken in thick loess areas: optimizing shooting location and lithology,reasonably selecting of shooting well depth;insisting on multiple and deep well combination shooting,with the whole quantity of charge being large while less charge in single wells;improving fold and resolution by high density sampling techniques.
引文
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[10]邓志文.高陡逆掩推覆构造地区地震观测系统研究[J].石油物探,2002,41(2):127-128.
[11]Mclean B F,戴金星,罗平.地震正演模型应用(Ⅰ):用叠后地震正演模拟方法精确解释东河砂岩尖灭点(英文)[J].石油勘探与开发,2005,32(5):78-81,85.
[12]Mclean B F,戴金星,姚蓬昌.地震正演模型应用(Ⅱ):用地震正演叠前炮集记录模拟方法定量解释薄砂岩的各向异性[J].石油勘探与开发,2005,32(6):87-90.
[13]王喜双,张颖.地震叠前时间偏移处理技术[J].石油勘探与开发,2006,33(4):416-419.
[14]张颖,黄昌武.“高密度地震采集技术交流会”在北京召开[J].石油勘探与开发,2006,33(5):547.
[15]张颖.三维地震叠前时间偏移处理技术应用与展望[J].石油勘探与开发,2006,33(5):536-541.
[2]李庆忠.走向精确勘探的道路——高分辨率地震勘探系统工程剖析[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1994.
[3]俞寿朋.高分辨率地震勘探[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1993.
[4]邓志文.高陡逆掩推覆构造地区地震观测系统研究[J].石油物探,2002,41(2):127-128.
[5]李剑,罗霞,单秀琴,等.鄂尔多斯盆地上古生界天然气成藏特征[J].石油勘探与开发,2005,32(4):54-59.
[6]俞寿朋.高分辨率地震勘探[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1993.
[7]谢占安,周海民.南堡凹陷高柳地区二次三维地震采集技术[J].石油勘探与开发,2006,33(4):444-447.
[8]张研,徐凌,陈立康.前陆冲断带复杂构造地震成像技术对策[J].石油勘探与开发,2005,32(5):62-64.
[9]王晓平,陈波,孙维昭,等.用保真保幅处理三维地震资料解释YW3井区东河砂岩尖灭线[J].石油勘探与开发,2005,32(1):63-66.
[10]邓志文.高陡逆掩推覆构造地区地震观测系统研究[J].石油物探,2002,41(2):127-128.
[11]Mclean B F,戴金星,罗平.地震正演模型应用(Ⅰ):用叠后地震正演模拟方法精确解释东河砂岩尖灭点(英文)[J].石油勘探与开发,2005,32(5):78-81,85.
[12]Mclean B F,戴金星,姚蓬昌.地震正演模型应用(Ⅱ):用地震正演叠前炮集记录模拟方法定量解释薄砂岩的各向异性[J].石油勘探与开发,2005,32(6):87-90.
[13]王喜双,张颖.地震叠前时间偏移处理技术[J].石油勘探与开发,2006,33(4):416-419.
[14]张颖,黄昌武.“高密度地震采集技术交流会”在北京召开[J].石油勘探与开发,2006,33(5):547.
[15]张颖.三维地震叠前时间偏移处理技术应用与展望[J].石油勘探与开发,2006,33(5):536-541.
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