速度横向变化对地震成像的影响
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摘要
纵波反射波法多次覆盖技术基于水平层状均匀介质的假设条件与实际情况相差太大,是影响山地资料地震成像效果并造成勘探失利的主要原因。本文针对山地资料地震成像出现的问题,通过简单模型计算,分析了速度横向变化对地震成像的影响,主要表现为CMP和CRP点两边相应射线路径不对称或CRP点的发散。文中对在复杂山地用超长地震排列观测和选排列段叠加的做法提出质疑,并提出了在现有技术条件下复杂山地山前带地震采集和处理工作中需要注意的问题。
Big difference between the hypothetic condition of horizontal layered uniform medium that the P-wave reflections multiple coverage method based on and practical situation is main reason affecting the imaging of mountainous seismic data and resulting in failure of exploration.In view of the issues appearing in imaging of mountainous seismic data,the paper analyzed the influence of lateral velocity variation on seismic imaging by simple model computation,which is shown as non-symmetric relevant ray paths on both sides of CMP and CRP or dispersion of CRPs.The paper questioned on practice using ultra-long seismic spread for surveying and selecting spread segment for stack in complex mountains and presented the issues needing attention in seismic acquisition and processing works in complex mountainous foreland area under current technical conditions.
Big difference between the hypothetic condition of horizontal layered uniform medium that the P-wave reflections multiple coverage method based on and practical situation is main reason affecting the imaging of mountainous seismic data and resulting in failure of exploration.In view of the issues appearing in imaging of mountainous seismic data,the paper analyzed the influence of lateral velocity variation on seismic imaging by simple model computation,which is shown as non-symmetric relevant ray paths on both sides of CMP and CRP or dispersion of CRPs.The paper questioned on practice using ultra-long seismic spread for surveying and selecting spread segment for stack in complex mountains and presented the issues needing attention in seismic acquisition and processing works in complex mountainous foreland area under current technical conditions.
引文
[1]钱荣钧,王尚旭主编.石油地球物理勘探技术进展.北京:石油工业出版社,2006
[3]R E谢里夫著;初英等译.勘探地震学.北京:石油工业出版社,1999,115～138
[3]陈亚折著.物理地震学数学方法.北京:北京大学教材,1978
[4]贺振华著.反射地震资料偏移处理与反演方法.重庆:重庆大学出版社,1989,5～28
[5]匡斌等.基于共聚焦的三维最大能量积分法叠前深度偏移.石油地球物理勘探,2007,42[2]:137～140
[6]狄邦让等.三维观测系统优化设计的双聚焦方法.石油地球物理勘探,2003,38[5]:463～469
[3]R E谢里夫著;初英等译.勘探地震学.北京:石油工业出版社,1999,115～138
[3]陈亚折著.物理地震学数学方法.北京:北京大学教材,1978
[4]贺振华著.反射地震资料偏移处理与反演方法.重庆:重庆大学出版社,1989,5～28
[5]匡斌等.基于共聚焦的三维最大能量积分法叠前深度偏移.石油地球物理勘探,2007,42[2]:137～140
[6]狄邦让等.三维观测系统优化设计的双聚焦方法.石油地球物理勘探,2003,38[5]:463～469
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