青海狮子沟油田天然微地震活动及其地质意义
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摘要
通过对柴达木盆地西部狮子沟地区一年多的微地震监测数据的分析处理,发现该区微地震活动比较频繁,总体走向北西,且多集中在该区盆山过渡带北西走向的花土沟断裂北东侧2km深度附近。通过对地震与钻孔分布之间的关系和地震发生频次对数与震级线性关系的斜率b值的分析,本文认为,虽然油井注水等因素对研究区内微地震事件具有一定的诱发作用,但大部分地震事件仍主要与断裂及其次级构造有关。
A large number of high-quality seismic data are recorded in the Shizigou oilfield of the western Qaidam basin by monitoring micro-earthquakes for more than one year.After processing and analyzing these data,the authors find that micro-earthquakes occur relatively frequently in the study area and are mainly concentrated at ～2 km depth on the NE side of the NW-trending Huatugou fault in the basin-mountain transition zone of the area.Analyses of the relation between earthquakes and oil well distribution and the slope b in the linear relation between log frequency and magnitude show that micro-earthquakes in the study area are mainly related to the Huatugou fault and its secondary structures though fluid injection through the wells has a certain microearthquake-inducing effect in the area.
A large number of high-quality seismic data are recorded in the Shizigou oilfield of the western Qaidam basin by monitoring micro-earthquakes for more than one year.After processing and analyzing these data,the authors find that micro-earthquakes occur relatively frequently in the study area and are mainly concentrated at ～2 km depth on the NE side of the NW-trending Huatugou fault in the basin-mountain transition zone of the area.Analyses of the relation between earthquakes and oil well distribution and the slope b in the linear relation between log frequency and magnitude show that micro-earthquakes in the study area are mainly related to the Huatugou fault and its secondary structures though fluid injection through the wells has a certain microearthquake-inducing effect in the area.
引文
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[2]薛霆,傅容珊,绍志刚.大尺度断层地震活动的数值模拟[J].中国地球物理2006年会会刊,2006:313.
[3]刘百红,秦绪英,郑四连,等.微地震监测技术及其在油田中的应用现状[J].勘探地球物理进展,2005,28(5):325~329.
[4]董世泰,高红霞.微地震监测技术及其在油田开发中的应用[J].石油仪器,2004,18(5):5~8.
[5]Aki K,Christoffersson A,Husebye E S,et al.Three-dimensional seismic-velocity anomalies in the crust and upper-mantle underthe U.S.G.S.California seismic array(abstract)[J].EOS Trans.AGU,1974,56:1145.
[6]王小凤,冯梅,史大年,等.微地震台阵网天然地震层析成像技术在油田深层构造解析中的应用[J].地质通报,2006,25(9/10):1028~1031.
[7]Martakis N,Tselentis A,Kapotas S,et al.,Passive seismic tomography a complementary geophysical method:successful casestudy,EAGE 65th Conference&Exhibition,Stavanger,Norway,2003.
[8]Lay Thorne,Wallace Terry C.Modern Global Seismology[M].Academic Press,1995.
[9]时振梁,张少泉,赵荣国,等.地震工作手册[M].北京:地震出版社,1990:1~633.
[10]Zoback M,Harjes H-P.Injection induced earthquakes and the crustal stress at 9 km depth at the KTB deep drilling site,Germany[J].J.Geophys.Res.,1997,102:18477~18492.
[11]Shapiro SA,Kummerow J,Dinske C,et al.Fluid induced seismicity guided by a continental fault:Injection experiment of 2004/2005 at the German Deep Drilling Site(KTB)[J].Geophys.Res.Lett.,2006,33:L01309.
[12]Waldhauser Felix,Ellsworth William L.A double difference earthquake location algorithm:Method and application to the northernHayward fault,California[J].Bull.Seism.Soc.Amer.,2000,90(6):1353~1368.
[13]马寅生,史大年,安美建,等.苏门答腊地震对柴达木地方震的触发作用[J].地质力学学报,2005,11(2):110~116.
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