可控震源地震记录初至拾取方法研究
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摘要
可控震源作为一种环保型的激发源已被越来越多地应用于地震数据采集中,但针对可控震源资料初至拾取的研究并不多。由于可控震源的扫描信号为非线性以及可控震源与大地接触不耦合等原因,在可控震源资料上出现"双初至"或"多初至"等现象,造成初至拾取困难。基于可控震源记录相关性好这一特点,提出了一种改进的相关算法——优化相关法,通过不断优化相关模型道来提高初至拾取的精度;同时还提出了一种约束初至拾取方法,根据地表一致性原则进行交互拾取,采用少量人工拾取的初至对相关拾取法进行约束。在可控震源资料初至拾取中,将两种方法相结合,较好地解决了可控震源地震记录的初至拾取问题。
As an environment-friendly source,vibroseis is more and more utilized in seismic data acquisition.However,little research focuses on picking up first break of viborseis data.Since the sweep signal of vibroseis is non-linear and the contact between vibroseis and earth is uncoupling,"double first break" or "multi first break" appears on vibroseis data,which leads to the difficulty in picking up first break.Based on the good correlation of vibroseis records,we proposed an improved correlation algorithm,which increases the accuracy of picking up first break picking by continuously optimizing correlation model traces.Meanwhile,we proposed a first break restraint method,which carries out interactive picking up based on surface consistency,and adopts little manually picked first break to restrain correlation method.The two methods are combined and applied to pick up first break for vibroseis data,which well solved the problem for picking up first break of vibroseis data.
As an environment-friendly source,vibroseis is more and more utilized in seismic data acquisition.However,little research focuses on picking up first break of viborseis data.Since the sweep signal of vibroseis is non-linear and the contact between vibroseis and earth is uncoupling,"double first break" or "multi first break" appears on vibroseis data,which leads to the difficulty in picking up first break.Based on the good correlation of vibroseis records,we proposed an improved correlation algorithm,which increases the accuracy of picking up first break picking by continuously optimizing correlation model traces.Meanwhile,we proposed a first break restraint method,which carries out interactive picking up based on surface consistency,and adopts little manually picked first break to restrain correlation method.The two methods are combined and applied to pick up first break for vibroseis data,which well solved the problem for picking up first break of vibroseis data.
引文
[1]曹务祥.可控震源非线性扫描参数的定量选取[J].石油物探,2004,43(3):242-244
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[13]凌云,高军,孙德胜,等.可控震源在地震勘探中的应用前景与问题分析[J].石油物探,2008,47(5): 425-438
[14]凌云,周熙襄,俞寿朋,等.可控震源自适应地表一致性反褶积[J].石油地球物理勘探,1994,29(3): 306-315
[15]何樵登.地震勘探原理和方法[M].北京:地质出版社,1986:97-104
[16]袁尉平,孙志忠,吴宏伟,等.计算方法与实习[M].南京:东南大学出版社,2002:91-96
[2]蓝加达.可控震源非线性扫描在高分辨率地震采集中的应用[J].石油物探,2008,47(2):208-211
[3]曾鸾,李志勇,高凤珍.大吨位可控震源的应用及效果分析[J].石油物探,2002,41(3):327-329
[4]孙洁.如何做好可控震源质量的控制[J].物探装备, 2009,19(3):168-171
[5]马红树.地震勘探采集中震源联合应用技术[J].物探装备,2009,19(2):86-90
[6]钟本善,周熙襄.中国西部地区地震勘探的静校正问题[J].物探化探计算技术,1999,21(4):358-366
[7]陈启元,王颜春,段云卿,等.复杂山区的静校正方法探讨[J].石油物探,2001,40(1):73-81
[8]潘树林,高磊,周熙襄,等.基于单道边界检测和样条插值的初至波自动拾取[J].石油物探,2006,45(3): 245-249
[9]宁俊瑞,王顺国,樊佳芳,等.基于对比折射法的三维静校正技术及其应用[J].石油物探,2006,45(3): 277-284
[10]刘志成.初至智能拾取技术[J].石油物探,2007,46 (5):521-530
[11]詹毅,唐湘蓉,钟本善.初至拾取预处理[J].石油物探,2005,44(2):160-162
[12]潘树林,高磊,邹强,等.一种实现初至波自动拾取的方法[J].石油物探,2005,44(2):163-166
[13]凌云,高军,孙德胜,等.可控震源在地震勘探中的应用前景与问题分析[J].石油物探,2008,47(5): 425-438
[14]凌云,周熙襄,俞寿朋,等.可控震源自适应地表一致性反褶积[J].石油地球物理勘探,1994,29(3): 306-315
[15]何樵登.地震勘探原理和方法[M].北京:地质出版社,1986:97-104
[16]袁尉平,孙志忠,吴宏伟,等.计算方法与实习[M].南京:东南大学出版社,2002:91-96
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