2004年苏门答腊地震引起的远场形变
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摘要
用球体位错理论计算2004年苏门答腊地震在川滇地区形成的理论水平位移场,结果表明,理论计算值与利用GPS观测数据获得的该地震在川滇地区引起的同震水平位移场观测值基本吻合。在此基础上,进一步计算了该地震引起的全球和中国大陆及周边地区同震位移场、应变场、重力和大地水准面变化。
The theoretical horizontal dispalcement field caused by the 2004 Sumatra earthquake in the Sichuan-Yunnan area was calculated according to the spherical dislocation theory.The results show that the theoretical value of displacement field is basically consistent with the observed value in situ with GPS.On this basis,we have calculated the co-seismic displacement field,strain field,changes of gravity and geoid of the whole Earth and China mainland and vicinity caused by the Sumatra earthquake.
The theoretical horizontal dispalcement field caused by the 2004 Sumatra earthquake in the Sichuan-Yunnan area was calculated according to the spherical dislocation theory.The results show that the theoretical value of displacement field is basically consistent with the observed value in situ with GPS.On this basis,we have calculated the co-seismic displacement field,strain field,changes of gravity and geoid of the whole Earth and China mainland and vicinity caused by the Sumatra earthquake.
引文
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19 Sun W,et al.Global displacement caused by dislocationsin a realistic earth model[J].J.Geophys.Res.,1996,101:8 561-8 577.
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22 Okubo S.Reciprocity theorem to compute the static deform-ation due to a point dislocation buried in a spherically sym-metric earth[J].Geophys.J.Int.,1993,115:921-928.
23 Fu G and Sun W.Surface co-seismic gravity changescaused by dislocations in a 3D heterogeneous earth[J].Geophys.J.Int.,2008,172,479-503.doi:10.1111/j.1365-246X.2007.03684.x.
24 Dziewonski A M and Anderson D L.Preliminary referenceearth model[J].Phys.Earth Planet.Inter.,1981,25:297-356.
25 Ammon C J,et al.Rupture process of the 2004 Sumatra-Andaman earthquake[J].Science,2005,308:113 3-1139.
26 Vigny C,et al.Insight into the 2004 Sumatra-Andamanearthquake from GPS measurements in Southeast Asia[J].Nature,2005,436:201-206.
27 Tsai VC,et al.Multiple CMT source analysis of the 2004Sumatra earthquake[J].Geophys.Res.Lett.,2005,32,L17304,doi:10.1092/2005GL023813.
28 Fu G and Sun W.Effects of spatial distribution of fault slipon calculating co-seismic displacement:case studies ofthe Chi-Chi earthquake(Mw7.6)and the Kunlun earth-quake(Mw 7.8)[J].Geophys.Res.Lett.2004,31,L21601,doi:10.1029/2004GL020841.
2 Kitagawa Y,et al.Changes in groundwater levels or pres-sures associated with the 2004 earthquake off the west coastof northern Sumatra(M9.0)[J].Earth Planets Space,2006,58:173-179.
3 Sil S and Freymueller JT.Well water level changes in Fair-banks,Alaska,due to the great Sumatra Andaman earth-quake[J].Earth Planets Space,2006,58:181-184.
4 Araya A,et al.Astrain step observed by a laser strainmeterin Kamioka[J].Chikyu Monthly,supplement,2006,56:104-110.(in Japanese)
5 Fu G and Sun W.Global co-seismic displacements causedby the 2004 Sumatra-Andaman earthquake(Mw9.1)[J].Earth Planets Space,2006,58:149-152.
6牛安福,等.印尼强震引起的同震形变波[J].地震,2006,26(1):131-137. Niu Anfu,et al.Co-seismic deformation waves caused byIndonesia earthquake[J].Earthquake,26(1):131-137.(in Chinese)
7杨国华,等.印尼地震对我国川滇地区地壳水平活动的影响[J].大地测量与地球动力学,2006,26(1):9-14. Yang Guohua,et al.Effect of Indonesia earthquake on hori-zontal curstal movement in Sichuan-Yunnan region[J].Journal of Geodesy and Geodynamics,2006,26(1):9-14.(in Chinese)
8顾国华.印尼8.7级大震前后GPS观测站的地壳水平与垂直位移时间系列结果[J].地震,2006,26(2):19-28.Gu Guohua.Results of time series of horizontal and verticaldisplacements at GPS observation stations before and afterthe Sumatra earthquake with 8.7 in Indonesia[J].Earth-quake,2006,26(2):19-28.(in Chinese)
9 Steketee J A.On Volterra’s dislocations in a semi-infinite e-lastic medium[J].Can.J.Phys.,1958,36:192-205.
10 Maruyama T.Statical elastic dislocations in an infinite andsemi-infinite medium[J].Bull.Earthquake Res.Inst.Univ.Tokyo,1964,42:289-368.
11 Okada Y.Surface deformation due to shear and tensilefaults in a half-space[J].Bull.Seismol.Soc.Am.,1985,75(4):1 135-1 154.
12 Okubo S.Potential and gravity changes raised by point dis-locations[J].Geophys.J.Int.,1991,105:573-586.
13 Okubo S.Gravity and potential changes due to shear andtensile faults in half-space[J].J.Geophys.Res.,1992,97(B5):7 137-7 144.
14 Pollitz F F.Post-seismic relaxation theory on a laterallyheterogeneous viscoelastic model[J].Geophys.J.Int.,2003,155:57-78.
15 Sun W and Okubo S.Surface potential and gravity changesdue to internal dislocations in a spherical earth-I.Theoryfor a point dislocation[J].Geophys.J.Int.,1993,114:569-592.
16 Sun W and Okubo S.Surface potential and gravity changesdue to internal dislocations in a spherical earth-П.Appli-cation to a finite fault[J].Geophys.J.Int.,1998,132:79-88.
17 Tanaka Y,et al.A new method for the computation ofglobal viscoelastic post-seismic deformation in a realisticearth model(I)-vertical displacement and gravity varia-tion[J].Geophys.J.Int.,2006,164:273-289.
18 Tanaka Y,et al.A new method for the computation ofglobal viscoelastic post-seismic deformation in a realisticearth model(II)-horizontal displacement[J].Geo-phys.J.Int.,2007,170:1 031-1 052.
19 Sun W,et al.Global displacement caused by dislocationsin a realistic earth model[J].J.Geophys.Res.,1996,101:8 561-8 577.
20 Sun W,et al.Green’s functions of co-seismic strain chan-ges and investigation of effect of earth’s spherical curvatureand radial heterogeneity[J].Geophys.J.Int.,2006,167:1 273-1 291.
21 Pollitz F F.Gravitational viscoelastic post-seismic relaxa-tion on a layered spherical earth[J].J.Geophys.Res.,1997,102:17 921-17 941.
22 Okubo S.Reciprocity theorem to compute the static deform-ation due to a point dislocation buried in a spherically sym-metric earth[J].Geophys.J.Int.,1993,115:921-928.
23 Fu G and Sun W.Surface co-seismic gravity changescaused by dislocations in a 3D heterogeneous earth[J].Geophys.J.Int.,2008,172,479-503.doi:10.1111/j.1365-246X.2007.03684.x.
24 Dziewonski A M and Anderson D L.Preliminary referenceearth model[J].Phys.Earth Planet.Inter.,1981,25:297-356.
25 Ammon C J,et al.Rupture process of the 2004 Sumatra-Andaman earthquake[J].Science,2005,308:113 3-1139.
26 Vigny C,et al.Insight into the 2004 Sumatra-Andamanearthquake from GPS measurements in Southeast Asia[J].Nature,2005,436:201-206.
27 Tsai VC,et al.Multiple CMT source analysis of the 2004Sumatra earthquake[J].Geophys.Res.Lett.,2005,32,L17304,doi:10.1092/2005GL023813.
28 Fu G and Sun W.Effects of spatial distribution of fault slipon calculating co-seismic displacement:case studies ofthe Chi-Chi earthquake(Mw7.6)and the Kunlun earth-quake(Mw 7.8)[J].Geophys.Res.Lett.2004,31,L21601,doi:10.1029/2004GL020841.
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