应用生态计量方法分析森林集水区之景观变迁
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摘要
应用遥测、景观生态及计量方法,了解受自然及人为干扰后陈有兰溪集水区土地利用变迁趋势,及陈有兰溪集水区受自然及人为干扰后其土地利用变迁形态,以提供陈有兰集水区森林地之土地利用规划、管理及水土保育参考。结果显示景观生态指标可有效地表现出土地利用与覆盖之变迁情形,林地为该区域之基质,在各项干扰后有恢复的现象,草生地为残存嵌块体,在大小、形状和空间结构上皆有较大的变化,而农耕地面积有逐渐减少,且嵌块体变化有先破碎后聚成的现象。且崩塌地受干扰的情形较为严重,尤其是台湾“9.21”地震及桃芝台风,“9.21”地震使崩塌地细碎的增加,而2001年桃芝台风则是顺着台湾“9.21”地震所造成的崩塌地持续扩大,并拟进一步结合社会经济人文与自然干扰因子来评估森林景观之健康度。
This study is to understand the impacts after landscape change of forest watershed(Chenyulian river).The tendencies and source of these change patterns will be discussed and identical.Finally,the watershed land use management and planning strategies of Chenyulian watershed will be provided in this work.The results display that ecological landscape index can efficiently describe pattern of landuse and landcover change.The woodland,matrix in Chenyulain watershed,made recovery after disturb event.The meadow,remnant patch in this watershed,has a lot change in size and shape of patch,and spatial structure.The area of arable land decreased during this period.Moreover,the landslide manifestly increased after Chi-Chi earthquake(Sep.21,1999) and Taozhi typhoon(2001 year).Further,evaluate the landscape health by the change of social economy and natural disturbance in forest watershed.
This study is to understand the impacts after landscape change of forest watershed(Chenyulian river).The tendencies and source of these change patterns will be discussed and identical.Finally,the watershed land use management and planning strategies of Chenyulian watershed will be provided in this work.The results display that ecological landscape index can efficiently describe pattern of landuse and landcover change.The woodland,matrix in Chenyulain watershed,made recovery after disturb event.The meadow,remnant patch in this watershed,has a lot change in size and shape of patch,and spatial structure.The area of arable land decreased during this period.Moreover,the landslide manifestly increased after Chi-Chi earthquake(Sep.21,1999) and Taozhi typhoon(2001 year).Further,evaluate the landscape health by the change of social economy and natural disturbance in forest watershed.
引文
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[10]H eggem,D T,A C N ea l,C Edm onds,et a l.T ensas R iver B as in-A landscape approach to comm un ity-basedenv ironm en ta l protection[M].L as V egas:EPA-L as V egas R esearch Expo,1998.81-92.
[11]Hok it,D G,B M S tith,L C B ranch,E ffect of L andscape S tructure in F lorida Scrub-A Popu lation Perspective[J].E co log ica l A pp lication,1999,9(1):124-134.
[2]林裕彬,邓东波,郑瑞钧.以嵌块体形状指数与统计方法于景观变迁之研究[J].中国文化大学地理研究报告,2000,13:95-126.
[3]林信辉,张俊斌,周跃.台湾西南部泥岩土地利用型态与环境劣化趋势之分析[J].云南地理环境研究,2003,15(2):40-47.
[4]陈文福,陈有兰溪集水区之地形特性与土地利用之关系[J].水土保持学报,1997,29(2):137-155.
[5]张俊斌,李明儒,刘大根.台湾泥岩集水区整体生态经营策略之研究[J].水土保持研究,2002,9(3):103-108.
[6]A spena ll,R,D Pearson.In tegrated geograph ica l assessm en t of env ironm en ta l cond ition in w ater catchm en ts:L ink inglandscape eco logy,env ironm en ta lm ode ling and G IS[J].Journa l of Env ironm en ta lM anagem en t,2000,59:299-319.
[7]D ram stad,W E,J D O lson,R T T.Form an,L andscape E co logy P rinc ip le in L andscape A rch itecture and L and-U seP lann ing[M].H arvard U n ivers ity G raduate Schoo l of D es ign,Island P ress,1996.12-28.
[8]Form an,R T T,M G odron.L andscape E co logy[M].N ew Y ork:John W iley&Sons,1986.330-345.
[9]H a inesyoung,R,M Chopp ing.Q uan tify ing L andscape S tructure-A R ev iew of L andscape Indexes and T he ir A pp licationto Forest L andscape[J].P rocess in Phys ica l G eography,1996,20(4):418-445.
[10]H eggem,D T,A C N ea l,C Edm onds,et a l.T ensas R iver B as in-A landscape approach to comm un ity-basedenv ironm en ta l protection[M].L as V egas:EPA-L as V egas R esearch Expo,1998.81-92.
[11]Hok it,D G,B M S tith,L C B ranch,E ffect of L andscape S tructure in F lorida Scrub-A Popu lation Perspective[J].E co log ica l A pp lication,1999,9(1):124-134.
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