高精度层序地层格架内的地震沉积学应用——以哈萨克斯坦南图尔盖盆地A区为例
摘要
在高精度层序地层格架内,应用地震沉积学方法,通过90°相位转换、地层切片和分频处理,进行地震属性趋势和钻井综合分析,研究哈萨克斯坦南图尔盖盆地A区沉积岩岩性、沉积体系及其响应特征,确定沉积微相的边界与分布范围以及单砂体的体积、厚度与规模。研究结果表明:该区河流相发育,以河床滞留沉积、边滩、河漫滩、河漫湖泊等微相为主;不同频率对地震数据的相位等特性有不同响应,刻画地质体的横向不连续性能力也有所不同,频率为20~25 Hz时对河道砂体最敏感,在地层切片上完整清晰地刻画出河道边界、宽度、延伸长度及其平面几何形态。
Using seismic sedimentology technologies,such as 90° phasing convertion,stratal slicing and frequency decomposition,lithology and facies of sedimentary rocks in block A of South Turgay Basin in Kazakstan were studied in the high-resolution sequence stratigraphic frameworks.And the boundary and distribution range of microfacies,even to the size,thickness and scale of single sand body were confirmed.The results show that the block A develops meandering river deposit,including four microfacies,i.e.,lag deposit,point bar deposit,flood-plain deposit and flood-lake deposit.And meanwhile,different frequency bands have different response features and different capabilities to characterize the horizontal discontinuity of geologic bodies in seimic data.The frequency decomposing stratal slicing(20-25 Hz) displays channel sand bodies clearly and characterizes channel boundary,width,extended length and plane geometric shape accurately.
Using seismic sedimentology technologies,such as 90° phasing convertion,stratal slicing and frequency decomposition,lithology and facies of sedimentary rocks in block A of South Turgay Basin in Kazakstan were studied in the high-resolution sequence stratigraphic frameworks.And the boundary and distribution range of microfacies,even to the size,thickness and scale of single sand body were confirmed.The results show that the block A develops meandering river deposit,including four microfacies,i.e.,lag deposit,point bar deposit,flood-plain deposit and flood-lake deposit.And meanwhile,different frequency bands have different response features and different capabilities to characterize the horizontal discontinuity of geologic bodies in seimic data.The frequency decomposing stratal slicing(20-25 Hz) displays channel sand bodies clearly and characterizes channel boundary,width,extended length and plane geometric shape accurately.
引文
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[27]李秀鹏,曾洪流,查明.地震沉积学在识别三角洲沉积体系中的应用[J].成都理工大学学报:自然科学版,2008,35(6):625-629.LI Xiu-peng,ZENG Hong-liu,CHA Ming.Mapping deltaic depositional systems using seismic sedimentology[J].Journal of Chengdu University of Technology:Science&Technology Edition,2008,35(6):625-629.
[28]刘保国,刘力辉.实用地震沉积学在沉积相分析中的应用[J].石油物探,2008,47(3):266-271.LIU Bao-guo,LIU Li-hui.Application of applied seismic sedimentology in sedimentary facies analysis[J].Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum,2008,47(3):266-271.
[29]郭海洋,巫芙蓉,刘树根,等.地震沉积学在GA地区的初步应用[J].物探化探计算技术,2008,30(5):399-402.GUO Hai-yang,WU Fu-rong,LIU Shu-gen,et al.The preliminary application of Seismic sedimentology in Guangan area[J].Computing Techniques for Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration,2008,30(5):399-402.
[30]董艳蕾,朱筱敏,曾洪流,等.黄骅坳陷歧南凹陷古近系沙一层序地震沉积学研究[J].沉积学报,2008,26(2):234-240.DONG Yan-lei,ZHU Xiao-min,ZENG Hong-liu,et al.Seismic sedimentology study on Shayi sequence in Qinan Sag,Huanghua Depression[J].Acta Sedmentologica Sinica,2008,26(2):234-240.
[31]董艳蕾,朱筱敏,曾洪流,等.歧南凹陷地震沉积学研究[J].中国石油大学学报:自然科学版,2008,32(4):7-12.DONG Yan-lei,ZHU Xiao-min,ZENG Hong-liu,et al.Study of seismic sedimentology in Qinan Sag[J].Journal of China University of Petroleum:Science&Technology Edition,2008,32(4):7-12.
[32]吴国忱,康仁华,印兴耀.三维时频分析方法在地震层序分析中的应用[J].石油大学学报:自然科学版,2000,24(1):81-84.WU Guo-chen,KANG Ren-hua,YIN Xing-yao.The application of 3D time-frequency analysis in seismic sequence analysis[J].Journal of the University of Petroleum,China:Science&Technology Edition,2000,24(1):81-84.
[33]刘春慧,金振奎,刘家铎,等.地震数据处理技术在准噶尔盆地东部C25井西区砂体识别中的应用[J].矿物岩石,2007,27(4):104-111.LIU Chun-hui,JIN Zhen-kui,LIU Jia-duo,et al.Application of technique of seismic data processing to the identification of sandbody of C25 well in the eastern Junggar Basin[J].Mineral Petrol,2007,27(4):104-111.
[2]董春梅,张宪国,林承焰.地震沉积学的概念、方法和技术[J].沉积学报,2006,24(5):698-704.DONG Chun-mei,ZHANG Xian-guo,LIN Cheng-yan.Conception,method and technology of the seismic sedimentology[J].Acta Sedmentologica Sinica,2006,24(5):698-704.
[3]ZENG Hong-liu,Backus M M,Barraw K T,et al.Stratal slicing(PartⅠ):Realistic 3D seismic model[J].Geophysics,1998,63(2):502-513.
[4]ZENG Hong-liu,Henry S C,Riola John P.Stratal slicing(PartⅡ):Real 3-D seismic data[J].Geophysics,1998,63(2):514-522.
[5]ZENG Hong-liu,Backus M M.Interpretive advantages of 90-phase wavelets(Part 1):Modeling[J].Geophysics,2005,70(3):7-15.
[6]ZENG Hong-liu,Backus M M.Interpretive advantages of 90-phase wavelets(Part 2):Seismic applications[J].Geophysics,2005,70(3):17-24.
[7]林承焰,张宪国.地震沉积学探讨[J].地球科学进展,2006,21(11):1140-1144.LIN Cheng-yan,ZHANG Xian-guo.The discussion of seismic sedimentology[J].Advances in Earth Science,2006,21(11):1140-1144.
[8]吴因业,顾家裕,施和生,等.序地层学到地震沉积学:全国第5届油气层序地层学大会综述[J].石油实验地质,2008,30(3):217-226.WU Yin-ye,GU Jia-yu,SHI He-sheng,et al.From sequence stratigraphy to seismic sedimentology:Summarized from the 5th congress of oil and gas sequence stratigraphy[J].Petroleum Geology&Experiment,2008,30(3):217-226.
[9]董春梅,张宪国,林承焰.有关地震沉积学若干问题的探讨[J].石油地球物理勘探,2006,41(4):405-409.DONG Chun-mei,ZHANG Xian-guo,LIN Cheng-yan.Discussion on several issues about seismic sedimentology[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,2006,41(4):405-409.
[10]林承焰,张宪国,董春梅.地震沉积学及其初步应用[J].石油学报,2007,28(2):69-72.LIN Cheng-yan,ZHANG Xian-guo,DONG Chun-mei.Concept of seismic sedimentology and its preliminary application[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2007,28(2):69-72.
[11]ZENG Hong-liu,Tucker F H,Lesli J W.Stratal slicing of Miocene-Pliocene sediments in Vermilion Block 50-Tiger Shoal Area,offshore Louisiana[J].The Leading Edge,2001,20(4):408-418.
[12]ZENG Hong-liu,Ambrose W A,Villalta E.Seismic sedimentology and regional depositional systems in Mioceno Norte,Lake Maracaibo,Venezuela[J].The Leading Edge,2001,20(11):1260-1269.
[13]Khalit K P,Timur K P,Michael J S,et al.Structure,evolution and oil and gas potential of the South Turgay Basin,Kazakhstan[C]//American Association of Petroleum Geologists 1997 Annual Convention.Anonymous.Dallas,USA,1997:690.
[14]Allen M B,Alsop G I,Zhemchuzhnikov V G.Dome and basin reofolding and transpressive inversion along the Karatau Fault System,southern Kazakstan[J].Journal of the Geological Society,2001,158(2):83-95.
[15]Effimoff I.Future hydrocarbon potential of Kazakhstan[C]//Wallace E.Pratt Memorial Conference on Petroleum Provinces of the 21st Century.AAPG Bulletin,1999,83(12):2305.
[16]Anon.PetroKazakhstan exploration finds more oil in South Turgai basin[J].Oil and Gas Journal,2005,103(8):36-38.
[17]顾家裕,张兴阳.陆相层序地层学进展与在油气勘探开发[J].石油与天然气地质,2004,25(5):484-490.GU Jia-yu,ZHANG Xing-yang.Progress in continental sequence stratigraphy and its application in petroleum exploration and development[J].Oil&Gas Geology,2004,25(5):484-490.
[18]李祥权,苏明,张建新,等.三维地震技术在地质研究方面的应用[J].石油学报,2008,29(4):553-557.LI Xiang-quan,SU Ming,ZHANG Jian-xin,et al.Application of 3D seismic technique in geology study[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2008,29(4):553-557.
[19]黄锋,李志荣,廖玲,等.利用地震资料进行沉积相分析[J].物探化探计算技术,2003,25(3):197-200.HUANG Feng,LI Zhi-rong,LIAO Ling,et al.Sedimentary facies analysis using seismic data[J].Computing Techniques for Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration,2003,25(3):197-200.
[20]陆永潮,杜学斌,陈平,等.油气精细勘探的主要方法体系:地震沉积学[J].石油实验地质,2008,30(1):1-5.LU Yong-chao,DU Xue-bin,CHEN Ping,et al.Main methods system of fine petroleum exploration:Seismic sedimentology[J].Petroleum Geology&Experiment,2008,30(1):1-5.
[21]ZENG Hong-liu,Kerans C.Seismic frequency control on carbonate seismic stratigraphy:A case study of the Kingdom Abo sequence,west Texas[J].AAPG Bulletin,2003,87(2):273-293.
[22]魏嘉,朱文斌,朱海龙,等.地震沉积学——地震解释的新思路集尘机研究的新工具[J].勘探地球物理进展,2008,31(2):95-101.WEI Jia,ZHU Wen-bin,ZHU Hai-long,et al.Seismic sedimentology:A new idea for seismic interpretation and new tool for sedimentological studies[J].Progress in Exploration Geophysics,2008,31(2):95-101.
[23]Sicking C J.Windowing and estimation variance in deconvolution[J].Geophysics,47(7):1022-1034.
[24]ZENG Hong-liu,Backus M M,Kenneth T B,et al.Facies mapping from three-dimensional seismic data:Potential and guidelines from a tertiary sandstone-shale sequence model Powerhorn Field,Calhoun County,Texas[J].AAPG Bulletin,1996,80(1):16-46.
[25]ZENG Hong-liu,Hentz T F.High-frequency sequence stratigraphy from seismic sedimentology:Applied to Miocene,Vermilion Block50,Tiger Shoal area,offshore Louisiana[J].AAPG Bulletin,2004,88(2):153-174.
[26]Kolla V,Ph Bourges J M,Urruty S P.Evolution of deep-water Tertiary sinuous channels offshore Angola(west Africa)and implications for reservoir architecture[J].AAPG Bulletin,2001,85(8):1373-1405.
[27]李秀鹏,曾洪流,查明.地震沉积学在识别三角洲沉积体系中的应用[J].成都理工大学学报:自然科学版,2008,35(6):625-629.LI Xiu-peng,ZENG Hong-liu,CHA Ming.Mapping deltaic depositional systems using seismic sedimentology[J].Journal of Chengdu University of Technology:Science&Technology Edition,2008,35(6):625-629.
[28]刘保国,刘力辉.实用地震沉积学在沉积相分析中的应用[J].石油物探,2008,47(3):266-271.LIU Bao-guo,LIU Li-hui.Application of applied seismic sedimentology in sedimentary facies analysis[J].Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum,2008,47(3):266-271.
[29]郭海洋,巫芙蓉,刘树根,等.地震沉积学在GA地区的初步应用[J].物探化探计算技术,2008,30(5):399-402.GUO Hai-yang,WU Fu-rong,LIU Shu-gen,et al.The preliminary application of Seismic sedimentology in Guangan area[J].Computing Techniques for Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration,2008,30(5):399-402.
[30]董艳蕾,朱筱敏,曾洪流,等.黄骅坳陷歧南凹陷古近系沙一层序地震沉积学研究[J].沉积学报,2008,26(2):234-240.DONG Yan-lei,ZHU Xiao-min,ZENG Hong-liu,et al.Seismic sedimentology study on Shayi sequence in Qinan Sag,Huanghua Depression[J].Acta Sedmentologica Sinica,2008,26(2):234-240.
[31]董艳蕾,朱筱敏,曾洪流,等.歧南凹陷地震沉积学研究[J].中国石油大学学报:自然科学版,2008,32(4):7-12.DONG Yan-lei,ZHU Xiao-min,ZENG Hong-liu,et al.Study of seismic sedimentology in Qinan Sag[J].Journal of China University of Petroleum:Science&Technology Edition,2008,32(4):7-12.
[32]吴国忱,康仁华,印兴耀.三维时频分析方法在地震层序分析中的应用[J].石油大学学报:自然科学版,2000,24(1):81-84.WU Guo-chen,KANG Ren-hua,YIN Xing-yao.The application of 3D time-frequency analysis in seismic sequence analysis[J].Journal of the University of Petroleum,China:Science&Technology Edition,2000,24(1):81-84.
[33]刘春慧,金振奎,刘家铎,等.地震数据处理技术在准噶尔盆地东部C25井西区砂体识别中的应用[J].矿物岩石,2007,27(4):104-111.LIU Chun-hui,JIN Zhen-kui,LIU Jia-duo,et al.Application of technique of seismic data processing to the identification of sandbody of C25 well in the eastern Junggar Basin[J].Mineral Petrol,2007,27(4):104-111.
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