隔振沟对爆炸塔周边地表振动的影响
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摘要
对内径2m、壁厚0.4m的椭球封头爆炸塔进行有、无隔振沟条件下的对比爆炸实验,并监测塔体周边6个测点的地表竖向及水平方向的振动速度。研究结果表明:地表质点的振动持续时间小于0.2s,竖向振动频谱在20～500Hz范围内,水平方向振动频谱则在200～800Hz范围内;隔振沟使水平方向振动幅度衰减至原来的1/10,对竖向振动幅度衰减至原来的1/4～1/3,对地表振动频率无明显影响;爆炸塔隔振沟的深度为1m时,对爆炸地震波无任何衰减作用,仅当深度达到1.5～2.0倍瑞利波波长时(5.6～7.5m)才会产生明显的隔振效果。
A series of blast experiments with and without vibration-isolating trenches were implemented in the blast containment chamber with an elliptic cone which having an inside diameter of 2 m and a wall thickness of 0.4 m.And the vertical and horizontal ground vibration velocities at 6 different points on the surrounding ground of the chamber were measured.The experimental results show that the ground vibration duration is less than 0.2 seconds,the frequency spectra of the vertical and horizontal vibrations are in the 20-500 Hz and 200-800 Hz ranges,respectively.The horizontal velocity amplitudes after attenuation by the trenches are one-tenth of those before attenuation,as well as one-fourth to one-third for the vertical velocity amplitudes.But the trenches have no obvious effect on the frequency spectra of the ground vibration waves.The vibration-isolating trenches with 1m depth have no attenuation effect on the blast seismic waves,but the attenuation effect will be remarkable when the depths of the trenches are 1.5-2.0 times as long as the wavelengths of the Rayleigh waves.
A series of blast experiments with and without vibration-isolating trenches were implemented in the blast containment chamber with an elliptic cone which having an inside diameter of 2 m and a wall thickness of 0.4 m.And the vertical and horizontal ground vibration velocities at 6 different points on the surrounding ground of the chamber were measured.The experimental results show that the ground vibration duration is less than 0.2 seconds,the frequency spectra of the vertical and horizontal vibrations are in the 20-500 Hz and 200-800 Hz ranges,respectively.The horizontal velocity amplitudes after attenuation by the trenches are one-tenth of those before attenuation,as well as one-fourth to one-third for the vertical velocity amplitudes.But the trenches have no obvious effect on the frequency spectra of the ground vibration waves.The vibration-isolating trenches with 1m depth have no attenuation effect on the blast seismic waves,but the attenuation effect will be remarkable when the depths of the trenches are 1.5-2.0 times as long as the wavelengths of the Rayleigh waves.
引文
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[3]Baker C F.Site 300’s contained[J].Science&Technology Review,UCRL-52000-97-3,1997.
[4]何涌东,陈静.免振捣自密实混凝土在大型爆炸洞施工中的应用[J].施工技术,2002,31(5):34-35.HE Yong-dong,CHEN Jing.Application of free-vibration self-compaction concrete in construction of large explo-sion hole[J].Chinese Journal of Construction Technology,2002,31(5):34-35.
[5]Venkatesh H S.Reduction of blast induced ground vibrations with open trenches in surface mines[C]∥Proceedingsof the 12th International Conference of IACMAG.Goa,India,2008:4132-4139.
[6]郑水明.工程场地隔振沟减震效应[J].爆破,2008,25(3):103-106.ZHENG Shui-ming.Vibration-isolating effect of vibration-isolating slot in project site[J].Chinese Journal of Blas-ting,2008,25(3):103-106.
[7]文潮,李运良.减震沟槽成形技术实验研究[J].应用物理,2010,1(3):300-307.WEN Chao,LI Yun-liang.Experimental study on the techniques of forming damping slot[J].Chinese Journal ofApplied Physics,2010,1(3):300-307.
[8]林大超,白春华.爆炸地震效应[M].北京:地质出版社,2007:78-81.
[9]言志信,王后裕.爆破地震效应及安全[M].北京:科学出版社,2011:46-48.
[10]李夕兵,凌同华,张义平.爆破震动信号分析理论与技术[M].北京:科学出版社,2009:23-25.
[11]李国保,舒大强.隧洞爆破作用下洞内与露天区域振动能量特性分析[J].爆破,2011,28(2):105-108.LI Guo-bao,SHU Da-qiang.Energy characteristic analysis of vibration inside and outside tunnel under blastingeffect[J].Chinese Journal of Blasting,2011,28(2):105-108.
[12]唐飞勇.爆破振动信号特征分析的应用探讨[J].爆破,2010,27(4):109-115.TANG Fei-yong.Characteristics analysis of blasting vibration signal of open pit[J].Chinese Journal of Blasting,2010,27(4):109-115.
[13]刘爱文.50t科学爆破振动的衰减特征及地形效应[J].爆炸与冲击,2010,30(1):21-26.LIU Ai-wen.Attenuation characteristics and topographic effect of a scientific explosion with 50texplosive[J].Ex-plosion and Shock Waves,2010,30(1):21-26.
[14]郭学彬,肖正学,张志呈.爆破地震作用的沟槽效应[J].爆破器材,1999,28(3):4-7.GUO Xue-bin,XIAO Zheng-xue,ZHANG Zhi-cheng.Channel effect of blasting vibration[J].Chinese Journal ofExplosive Materials,1999,28(3):4-7.
[15]夏唐代,颜可珍.饱和土层中瑞利波的传播特性[J].水利学报,2004(11):81-84.XIA Tang-dai,YAN Ke-zhen.Propagation of Rayleigh wave in saturated soil layer[J].Chinese Journal of WaterConservancy,2004(11):81-84.
[16]朱振海.沟槽对建筑物减震作用的动光弹研究[J].爆炸与冲击,1989,9(1):55-59.ZHU Zheng-hai.Dynamic photoelastic studies of the vibration damping by a slot near a structure[J].Explosionand Shock Waves,1989,9(1):55-59.
[17]Dowding C H.Blast vibration monitoring and control[M].London:Prentice-Hall International,Inc.1985:21-22.
[18]赵增欣.大烟囱爆破振动分析[C]∥第15届全国振动与噪声控制高技术及应用会议文集.杭州,2001:23-30.
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