灾后重建用板房夹层泡沫聚苯乙烯的回收与改性
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摘要
在四川"5·12"抗震救灾期间,地震灾区共建设板房62.5×104套,其中成都约有19×104套。按照灾后恢复重建和城市建设规划,数十万套活动板房将逐步拆除或回收利用,为了有效地回收利用板房夹层泡沫聚苯乙烯,以苯乙烯-丁二烯-苯乙烯嵌段共聚物(SBS)作为增容剂,通过乙烯-辛烯共聚物(POE)和不同分子量的高密度聚乙烯(HDPE)来协同增韧回收废旧聚苯乙烯(rPS)。通过rPS/POE/HDPE/SBS四元体系制得的废旧PS复合材料的冲击强度为12.6kJ/m2,拉伸强度为25.2MPa,可以替代高抗冲聚苯乙烯(HIPS)使用,具有很好的经济效益和环境效益。通过添加复配抗老化配方,复合材料的抗紫外老化和抗热氧老化性能均得到提高,大大延长了复合材料的使用寿命。
The portable shelter which mainly contained the foam of Polystyrene(PS) should be recycled after earthquake.In order to make the recycled polystyrene(rPS) useful,rPS was toughened with ethylene-octylene copolymer thermoplastic elastomer(POE) and high-density polyethylene(HDPE),and compatibilized with styrene-butadiene-styrene copolymer(SBS) to enhance its toughness.The prepared blend showed an impact strength of 12.6 kJ /m2 and a tensile strength of 25.2 MPa,which can be well used to substitute HIPS since this system is economical and environmental friendly.The properties of composite for UV ageing resistance and thermal and oxygenic ageing resistance were both improved after the addition of complex ageing resistance agent,which will prolong the using time of the composite parts.
The portable shelter which mainly contained the foam of Polystyrene(PS) should be recycled after earthquake.In order to make the recycled polystyrene(rPS) useful,rPS was toughened with ethylene-octylene copolymer thermoplastic elastomer(POE) and high-density polyethylene(HDPE),and compatibilized with styrene-butadiene-styrene copolymer(SBS) to enhance its toughness.The prepared blend showed an impact strength of 12.6 kJ /m2 and a tensile strength of 25.2 MPa,which can be well used to substitute HIPS since this system is economical and environmental friendly.The properties of composite for UV ageing resistance and thermal and oxygenic ageing resistance were both improved after the addition of complex ageing resistance agent,which will prolong the using time of the composite parts.
引文
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[27]GB/T1834-1996,塑料悬臂梁冲击试验方法[S].1996.
[28]GB/T1040-92,塑料拉伸性能试验方法[S].1992.
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[3]Buekens A G,Huang H.Catalytic plastics cracking for recovery of gasoline-range hydrocarbons from municipal plastic wastes,conservation and recycling[J].1998,23(3):163-181.
[4]Ross S,Evans D.The environmental effect of reusing and recycling a plastic-based packaging system[J].Cleaner Production,2003,11:561-571.
[5]Plastic wastes:resource recovery and recycling in Japan[R].Tokyo:Plastic Waste Management Institute,1985.
[6]Kaminsky W,Predel M,Sadiki A.Feedstock recycling of polymers by pyrolysis in a fluidised bed[J].Polymer Degradation and Stability,2004,85:1045-1050.
[7]Tang L W,Tam K C,Yue C Y,et al.Influence of the molecular weight of ethylene vinyl acetate copolymers on the flow and mechanical properties of uncompatibilized polystyrene/ethylenevinyl acetate copolymer blends[J].Polym Int,2001,50(1):95-106.
[8]Jelcic Z,Holjevac-Grguric T,Rek V.Mechanical properties and fractal morphology of high-impact polystyrene/poly(styrene-b-butadiene-b-styrene)blends[J].Polym Degrad Sta-bil,2005,90(2):295-302.
[9]Tang L W,Tam K C,Yue Y C,et al.Rheological and mechanical properties of compatibilized polystyrene/ethylene vinyl acetate blends[J].J Appl Polym Sci,2004,94(5):2071-2082.
[10]Gao G H,Zhou C,Yang H D,et al.Influence of core-shell rubber particles synthesized with different initiation systems on the impact toughness of modified polystyrene[J].J Appl Polym Sci,2007,103(2):738-744.
[11]Kambour R P,Russell R R.Electron microscopy of crazes in polystyrene and rubber modified polystyrene:use of iodine-sulphur eutectic as a craze reinforcing impregnant[J].Polymer,1971,12(4):237-246.
[12]Horák Z,HlavatáD,Fortelny I,et al.Effect of styrene-butadiene triblock copolymer structure on its compatibilization efficiency in PS/PB and PS/PP blends[J].Polym Eng Sci,2002,42(10):2042-2047.
[13]Raghu P,Nere C K,Jagtap R N.Effect of styrene-isoprene-styrene,styrene-butadiene-styrene,and styrene-butadiene-rubber on the mechanical,thermal,rheological,and morphological properties of polypropylene/polystyrene blends [J].J Appl Polym Sci,2003,88(2):266-277.
[14]Halimatudahliana,Ismail H,Nasir M.The effect of various compatibilizers on mechanical properties of polystyrene/polypropylene blend[J].Polymer Testing,2002,21(2):163-170.
[15]Fowler M E,Keskkula H,Paul D R.Synergistic toughening in rubber modified blends[J].Polymer,1987,28(10):1703-1711.
[16]Guo T Y,Song M D,Hao G J,et al.Compatibility and mechanical properties of polyamide-6/polystyrene/diblock poly(styrene-b-ethylene oxide)copolymer blends[J].Eur Polym,2001,37(2):241-246.
[17]Park C D,Jo W H,Lee M S.Effect of molecular weight of functionalized polystyrene on the compatibility of blends of polyamide6and polystyrene[J].Polymer,1996,37(14):3055-3063.
[18]Xu S A,Tjong S C.Deformation mechanisms and fracture toughness of polystyrene/high density polyethylene blends compatibilized by triblock copolymer[J].J Appl Polym Sci,2000,77(9):2024-2033.
[19]Bourry D,Favis B D.Morphology development in a polyethylene/polystyrene binary blend during twin-screw extrusion[J].Polymer,1998,39(10):1851-1856.
[20]Tjong S C,Xu S A.Impact and tensile properties of SEBS copolymer compatibilized PS/HDPE blends[J].J Appl Polym Sci,1998,68(7):1099-1108.
[21]Fang Z P,Guo Z H,Zha L L.Toughening of polystyrene with ethylene-propylene-diene terpolymer(EPDM)compatibilized by styrene-butadiene-styrene block copolymer(SBS)[J].Macromol Mater Eng,2004,289(8):743-748.
[22]Mathew M,Thomas S.Compatibilisation of heterogeneous acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber/polystyrene blends by the addition of styrene-acrylonitrile copolymer:effect on morphology and mechanical properties[J].Polymer,2003,44(4):1295-1307.
[23]Nam G J,Kim K Y,Lee J W.The effect of SEBS on interfacial tension and rheological properties of LDPE/PS blend[J].J Appl Polym Sci,2005,96(3):905-911.
[24]Tjong S C,Xu S A,Li R K Y.Deformation mechanisms and fracture toughness of polystyrene/high-density polyethylene blends compatibilized by triblock copolymer[J].J Appl Polym Sci,2000,77(9):2024-2033.
[25]Wu J S,Guo B H,Chan C M,et al.Synergistic toughening effect of SBS and HDPE on the fracture of the PS/HDPE/SBS blends[J].Polymer,2001,42(21):8857-8865.
[26]Sahnoune F,Lopez-Cuesta J M,Crespy A.Improvement of the mechanical properties of an HDPE/PS blend by compatibilization and incorporation of CaCO3[J].Polym Eng Sci,2003,43(3):647-660.
[27]GB/T1834-1996,塑料悬臂梁冲击试验方法[S].1996.
[28]GB/T1040-92,塑料拉伸性能试验方法[S].1992.
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