冗余资源对灾难应急一定有利吗?——基于地震和雪灾事件的实证研究
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摘要
本文以受2008年地震和雪灾影响的85家上市公司为研究对象,分析并检验不同情境下冗余资源与灾难应急绩效之间关系的变化。本文发现,非沉淀性冗余资源在受灾严重时发挥更大效用,而沉淀性冗余资源的效用在受灾严重时因为组织僵化等原因反而降低。本文同时证实了年龄对沉淀性冗余资源和企业应急绩效之间关系具有正向调节作用。研究结果说明,不能简单地判断冗余资源是有利的还是有害的,即使同类冗余资源在不同情境下效用也可能不同,在进行重大灾难的应急准备时应当保持更多的非沉淀性冗余资源。
Many scholars argue that,slack have the buffer effects for the organizations during jolts,but there is no empirical research on this at present.Using 85 listed companies in China which affected by earthquake or snow havoc in 2008,the study purposes to analysis and examine the affected firms' slack-performance relationships in different situations.We find that,the firms suffer more,unabsorbed slack will have more utilities,but absorbed slack will have less utilities because for threat-rigidity effects.This paper also finds the age's moderating effects on the link between slack and affected firms' performance.These results show that,we shouldn't judge the slack good or bad simply,and slack' utility may be different if the situation changes.This paper also give the suggestion that we should keep more unabsorbed slack for disaster prepare,not the absorbed ones.
Many scholars argue that,slack have the buffer effects for the organizations during jolts,but there is no empirical research on this at present.Using 85 listed companies in China which affected by earthquake or snow havoc in 2008,the study purposes to analysis and examine the affected firms' slack-performance relationships in different situations.We find that,the firms suffer more,unabsorbed slack will have more utilities,but absorbed slack will have less utilities because for threat-rigidity effects.This paper also finds the age's moderating effects on the link between slack and affected firms' performance.These results show that,we shouldn't judge the slack good or bad simply,and slack' utility may be different if the situation changes.This paper also give the suggestion that we should keep more unabsorbed slack for disaster prepare,not the absorbed ones.
引文
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[17]Staw,B.M.,Sandelands,L.E.,Dutton,J.E.Threat-Rigidity Effects in Organizational Behavior:A Multilevel Analysis[J].Administrative Science Quarterly,1981,(26).
[18]Tan,J.,Peng,M.Organizational Slack and Firm Performance during Economic Transitions:Two Studies from an Emerging Economy[J].Strategic Management Journal,2003,(13).
[19]蒋春燕,赵曙明.组织冗余与绩效的关系:中国上市公司的时间序列实证研究[J].北京:管理世界,2004,(5).
[2]Cheng,J.L.C.and Kesner,I.F.Organizational Slack and Response to Environmental Shifts:The Impact of Resource Allo-cation Patterns[J].Journal of Management,1997,(23).
[3]Cyert,R.,March,J.A Behavioral Theory of the Firm[M].Englewood Cliffs,NJ:Prentice-Hall.1963.
[4]D'Aveni,R.A.,MacMillan,I.C.Crisis and the Content of Managerial Communications:A Study of the Focus of Attention of Top Managers in Surviving and Failing Firms[J].Administrative Science Quarterly,1990,(35).
[5]George,G.Slack Resources and the Performance of Privately Held Firms[J].Academy of Management Journal,2005,(48).
[6]Hermann,C.F.Crises in Foreign Policy:A Simulation Analysis[M].Indianapolis:Bobbs-Merrill,1969.
[7]Herold,D.M.,Jayaraman,N.,Narayanaswamy,C.R.What is the Relationship between Organizational Slack and Innovation·[J].Journal of Managerial Issues,2006,(18).
[8]Iyer,D.N.,Miller,K.D.Performance Feedback,Slack,and the Timing of Acquisitions[J].Academy of Management Jour-nal,2008,(51).
[9]Jarman,A.M.G.,Kouzmin,A.Technological Disasters:Contingent Environmental Imperatives in High-Technology Settings[J].Social and Public Policy Review,2007,(1).
[10]Latham,S.F.,Braun,M.R.The Performance Implications of Financial Slack during Economic Recession and Recovery:Observations from the Software Industry(2001～2003)[J].Journal of Managerial Issues,2008,(20).
[11]Lawson,M.B.In Praise of Slack:Time is of the Essence[J].Academy of Management Executive,2001,(15).
[12]Lee,H.The Triple-A Supply Chain[J].Harvard Business Review,2004,(82).
[13]Leibenstein,H.Organizational or Frictional Equilibria,X-Efficiency and the Rate of Innovation[J].Quarterly Journal of Economies,1969,(4).
[14]Levinthal,D.,March,J.G.A Model of Adaptive Organizational Search[J].Journal of Economic Behavior and Organiza-tion,1981,(2).
[15]Marcus,A.A.,Goodman,R.S.Victims and Shareholders:The Dilemmas of Presenting Corporate Policy During a Crisis[J].Academy of Management Journal,1991,(34).
[16]Miller,D.The Architecture of Simplicity[J].Academy of Management Review,1993,(18).
[17]Staw,B.M.,Sandelands,L.E.,Dutton,J.E.Threat-Rigidity Effects in Organizational Behavior:A Multilevel Analysis[J].Administrative Science Quarterly,1981,(26).
[18]Tan,J.,Peng,M.Organizational Slack and Firm Performance during Economic Transitions:Two Studies from an Emerging Economy[J].Strategic Management Journal,2003,(13).
[19]蒋春燕,赵曙明.组织冗余与绩效的关系:中国上市公司的时间序列实证研究[J].北京:管理世界,2004,(5).
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