北环铁路地质安全性研究
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摘要
影响铁路工程安全的因素有很多,最基础的因素应是工程的地质安全性。针对北环铁路所处的特殊工程地质环境,分别从黄土特性、人类活动、地震液化和土动力学性质等几个方面,论述铁路的地质安全性,分析铁路工程与地质环境的相互作用,研究人类活动对工程地质环境的改变及其影响程度,可以认为:黄土对工程安全的影响不仅仅在于其湿陷性,更在于对其的认知和软化、触变特性;人类活动的负面作用也同样影响着地质的安全作用,不仅改变其原来地貌,也改良了土的安全性质,铁路附近的饱和软黄土就是人类活动改造地质环境的结果;土的动力学特性对工程安全起着潜移默化的作用;最后指出铁路工程的安全性是建立在地质安全性的基础上。
Many factors affect the safety of railway engi neering, but the basic one is the geological safety of the project. In view of the special engineering geological environment of the Beihuan railway, the geological safety of the rai lway is discussed from the property of loess, human activity, seismic liquefacti on and soil dynamics respectively. The mutual reaction between railway and geolo gical environment is analyzed; and the impact of human activity on the change of engineering geological environment is studied. It is approved that the effect o f loess on the safety of railway is not only its collapsibility but also its cog nition, softening and thixotropy. The negative effect of human activity affects also the geological safety, which would change original physiognomy and also imp rove the safe property of the soil. The saturated soft loess near the railway is indeed the outcome of geological environment reformation by human activity. The dynamics of soil exerts a subtle influence. Finally, it is indicated that the g eological safety is the basement of railway safety.
Many factors affect the safety of railway engi neering, but the basic one is the geological safety of the project. In view of the special engineering geological environment of the Beihuan railway, the geological safety of the rai lway is discussed from the property of loess, human activity, seismic liquefacti on and soil dynamics respectively. The mutual reaction between railway and geolo gical environment is analyzed; and the impact of human activity on the change of engineering geological environment is studied. It is approved that the effect o f loess on the safety of railway is not only its collapsibility but also its cog nition, softening and thixotropy. The negative effect of human activity affects also the geological safety, which would change original physiognomy and also imp rove the safe property of the soil. The saturated soft loess near the railway is indeed the outcome of geological environment reformation by human activity. The dynamics of soil exerts a subtle influence. Finally, it is indicated that the g eological safety is the basement of railway safety.
引文
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3 杜恒俭等.地貌学及第四纪地质学[M].北京:地质出版社,1981
4 许兆义.包气带水文地质专论[M].北京:地震出版社,1993
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6 S.普拉卡什[印度].土动力学[M].徐攸在等译.北京:水力电力出版社,1984
7 郭旋,赵成刚,于威威.非饱和土边坡稳定的安全分析及进展[J].中国安全科学学报,2005,15(1):14~18
8 杨振茂,赵成刚,王兰民.黄土与砂土液化特性的对比———土液化与减灾防灾[J].中国安全科学学报,2004,14(11):3~7
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