隧道围岩失稳的突变理论分析
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摘要
通过探讨隧道围岩体发生塌方失稳破坏的机理,建立了隧道发生塌方失稳的突变模型,该模型可较好地解释隧道穿越软弱围岩时拱顶常发生大范围塌方的现象,具有较好的实用性。据所建立的突变模型,从刚度比、水致弱化系数比、几何-力学参数等参数进行了隧道围岩稳定性的突变分析,分析结果表明,水致弱化函数、几何参数、刚度比对软弱围岩体稳定性有很大的影响,分叉集上的点的是系统产生失稳的点,系统受外界环境和内部性质改变时,则系统将跨越分叉集,产生突变失稳。通过深埋隧道围岩稳定性的突变理论分析,从地下水防治、超前支护、控制爆破及监控量测方面提出了深埋隧道穿越软弱围岩体引起塌方的预防控制措施,对于隧道施工具有很好的指导意义。
Mechanism of tunnel surrounding rock collapse was studied and the mutation model built in this paper was proved to be a valid method to explain the phenomena of collapse in case of tunnel excavation through soft rock mass.Based on the model,the effect of the parameters such as stiffness,intenerating coefficient affected by water, and geometry-mechanic relationship was studied,the analysis showed that these parameters had great influence on the soft rock mass stability,the point at intersection collection could be considered as the point of system instability, when outer condition and inner property changed,the system could span the intersection collection and became insta- ble.Then the measures for soft rock mass collapse control in deep-buried tunnel such as prevention and cure of groundwater,pre-supporting,control blasting and monitoring was put forward and a good guide to the tunnel construc- tion could be provided.
Mechanism of tunnel surrounding rock collapse was studied and the mutation model built in this paper was proved to be a valid method to explain the phenomena of collapse in case of tunnel excavation through soft rock mass.Based on the model,the effect of the parameters such as stiffness,intenerating coefficient affected by water, and geometry-mechanic relationship was studied,the analysis showed that these parameters had great influence on the soft rock mass stability,the point at intersection collection could be considered as the point of system instability, when outer condition and inner property changed,the system could span the intersection collection and became insta- ble.Then the measures for soft rock mass collapse control in deep-buried tunnel such as prevention and cure of groundwater,pre-supporting,control blasting and monitoring was put forward and a good guide to the tunnel construc- tion could be provided.
引文
[1]许传华，任青文．地下工程围岩稳定性分析方法研究进展[J]．金属矿山，2003，(2)：34-37．(XU Chuan- hua,BEN Qingwen.Advances in Researching the Sta- bility Analysis Methods of the Surrounding Rock Mass in Underground Engineering[J].Metal Mine,No.2:34- 37.(in Chinese))
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[3]刘贵应，等．隧道塌方的尖点灾变模型及应用[J]．地质灾害与环境保护，2002，13(2)：59-62．(LIU Guiy- ing et al.A Cusp Catastrophic Model for Tunnel Caving [J].Journal of Geological Hazards and Environment Preservation,2002,13(2):59-62.(in Chinese))
[4]赵常洲，等．地下工程中支架和围岩相互作用的突变模型[J]．岩土力学，2005，26(增1)：17-20．(ZHAO Changzhou et al.Catastrophe modal of support and sur- rounding rock of underground engineering,Rock and Soil Mechanics[J].2005,26(suppl):17-20.(in Chi- nese))
[5]闫长斌，等．深部巷道失稳的突变理论分析[J]．矿山压力与顶板管理，2005，(3)：9-11．(YAN Changbin et al.Mutation Theoretical Analysis of Deep-buried Tunnel Instability.Ground Pressure and Strata Control [J],2005,(3):9-11.(in Chinese))
[6]何平，赵子都．突变理论及其应用[M]．大连：大连理工大学出版社，1989．(HE Ping,ZHAO Zidu.Muta- tion Theory and Its Application [M].Dalian:Dalian Univ.of Tochnology Press,1989.(in Chinese))
[7]王心飞．深埋隧道稳定性分析的智能化及非线性研究[D]重庆：重庆大学．(WANG Xinfei.Intelligent and Non-linear Analysis of the Stability of Deep-bur- ied Tunnel [D].Chongqing:Chongqing University.(in Chinese))
[8]周应麟，邱喜华．层状岩层围岩隧道稳定性的探讨[J]．地下空间与工程学报，2006，2(2)：345-348．(ZHOU Yinglin,QIU Xihua.Study on Stability of Stratified Rock Tunnel [J].Chinese Journal of Under- ground Space and Engineering,2006,2 (2):345- 348.(in Chinese))
[9]殷有泉，杜静．地震过程中的燕尾突变模型[J]．地震学报，1994，16(4)：416-421．(YIN Youquan,DU Jing.Coattail catastrophe of earthquake process [J].Ac- ta Seismologica Sinica,1994,16(4):416-421.(in Chinese))
[2]刘学增，等．深部隧道失稳的尖点灾变模型[J]．山东科技大学学报(自然科学版)，2000，19(1)：38-40．(LIU Xuezeng et al.The Cusp Catastrophic Model for Destahilization of Deep Tunnels [J].Journal of Shandong Inst.of Min.& Tech,2000,19(1):38-40.(in Chi- nese))
[3]刘贵应，等．隧道塌方的尖点灾变模型及应用[J]．地质灾害与环境保护，2002，13(2)：59-62．(LIU Guiy- ing et al.A Cusp Catastrophic Model for Tunnel Caving [J].Journal of Geological Hazards and Environment Preservation,2002,13(2):59-62.(in Chinese))
[4]赵常洲，等．地下工程中支架和围岩相互作用的突变模型[J]．岩土力学，2005，26(增1)：17-20．(ZHAO Changzhou et al.Catastrophe modal of support and sur- rounding rock of underground engineering,Rock and Soil Mechanics[J].2005,26(suppl):17-20.(in Chi- nese))
[5]闫长斌，等．深部巷道失稳的突变理论分析[J]．矿山压力与顶板管理，2005，(3)：9-11．(YAN Changbin et al.Mutation Theoretical Analysis of Deep-buried Tunnel Instability.Ground Pressure and Strata Control [J],2005,(3):9-11.(in Chinese))
[6]何平，赵子都．突变理论及其应用[M]．大连：大连理工大学出版社，1989．(HE Ping,ZHAO Zidu.Muta- tion Theory and Its Application [M].Dalian:Dalian Univ.of Tochnology Press,1989.(in Chinese))
[7]王心飞．深埋隧道稳定性分析的智能化及非线性研究[D]重庆：重庆大学．(WANG Xinfei.Intelligent and Non-linear Analysis of the Stability of Deep-bur- ied Tunnel [D].Chongqing:Chongqing University.(in Chinese))
[8]周应麟，邱喜华．层状岩层围岩隧道稳定性的探讨[J]．地下空间与工程学报，2006，2(2)：345-348．(ZHOU Yinglin,QIU Xihua.Study on Stability of Stratified Rock Tunnel [J].Chinese Journal of Under- ground Space and Engineering,2006,2 (2):345- 348.(in Chinese))
[9]殷有泉，杜静．地震过程中的燕尾突变模型[J]．地震学报，1994，16(4)：416-421．(YIN Youquan,DU Jing.Coattail catastrophe of earthquake process [J].Ac- ta Seismologica Sinica,1994,16(4):416-421.(in Chinese))
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