列车速度对车辆—轨道—路基系统动力特性的影响
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摘要
根据列车运行的实际情况,将轨道—路基作为参振子结构纳入车辆计算模型,建立车辆、钢轨、轨枕、道床、路基和地基为一体的二系垂向耦合动力分析模型,分析列车速度变化对车辆运行品质、动位移以及路基动应力的影响。结果表明:车体加速度、动轮载和轮重减载率均随车速的提高而增大,呈线性分布;具有二系悬挂的高速列车通过有砟轨道路基结构时,列车的安全性及舒适度均能满足要求;系统动位移受速度影响较小;路基面动应力随速度的提高而增大,并在横向呈马鞍形分布,在纵向呈抛物线形分布;路基动应力沿路基深度方向衰减较快,在基床表面下3 m处,动应力只有基面的16%左右。研究结果与已有部分研究结论吻合较好,表明模型具有较高的可靠性。
According to the actual situation of train operation,track and subgrade are regarded as a part of the vibration structure of vehicle model,a secondary suspension vertical coupled dynamic model including vehicle,rail,sleeper,ballast,subgrade and foundation has been established.The effect of train speed on vehicle operation quality,dynamic displacement and subgrade dynamic stress is analyzed.The results show that the vehicle acceleration,the dynamic wheel load and offload factors increase with train speed,and distribute linearly.The safety of train operation and running comfort can meet the requirements when the high-speed train under secondary suspension passing through ballasted track subgrade structure.The dynamic displacement of the system is less influenced by train speed.The dynamic stress of subgrade surface increases with speed improving,and it is distributed as saddle along the lateral direction and as parabola along the longitudinal direction of subgrade surface.The dynamic stress of subgrade declines sharply along the depth of subgrade.The dynamic stress on 3 m depth below subgrade bed surface is about 16 percent of that of subgrade surface.Results of this study agree well with some existing document results,which shows that the model is of high reliability.
According to the actual situation of train operation,track and subgrade are regarded as a part of the vibration structure of vehicle model,a secondary suspension vertical coupled dynamic model including vehicle,rail,sleeper,ballast,subgrade and foundation has been established.The effect of train speed on vehicle operation quality,dynamic displacement and subgrade dynamic stress is analyzed.The results show that the vehicle acceleration,the dynamic wheel load and offload factors increase with train speed,and distribute linearly.The safety of train operation and running comfort can meet the requirements when the high-speed train under secondary suspension passing through ballasted track subgrade structure.The dynamic displacement of the system is less influenced by train speed.The dynamic stress of subgrade surface increases with speed improving,and it is distributed as saddle along the lateral direction and as parabola along the longitudinal direction of subgrade surface.The dynamic stress of subgrade declines sharply along the depth of subgrade.The dynamic stress on 3 m depth below subgrade bed surface is about 16 percent of that of subgrade surface.Results of this study agree well with some existing document results,which shows that the model is of high reliability.
引文
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[2]梁波,蔡英.不平顺条件下高速铁路路基的动力分析[J].铁道学报,1999,21(2):84-88.(LIANG Bo,CAI Ying.Dynamic Analysis on Subgrade of High Speed Railways in Geometric Irregular Condition[J].Journal of the China Railway Society,1999,21(2):84-88.in Chinese)
[3]曹新文,蔡英.铁路路基动态特性的模型试验研究[J].西南交通大学学报,1996,31(1):36-41.(CAO Xinwen,CAI Ying.A Model Test Study of the Dynamic Performance of Subgrades[J].Journal of SouthwestJiaotong University,1996,31(1):36-41.in Chinese)
[4]李军世,李克钏.高速铁路路基动力反应的有限元分析[J].铁道学报,1995,17(1):66-75.(LI Junshi,LI Kechuan.Finite Element Analysis for Dynamic Response of Roadbed of High Speed Railway[J].Journal of the China Railway Society,1995,17(1):66-75.in Chinese)
[5]翟婉明.车辆—轨道垂向系统的统一模型及其耦合动力学原理[J].铁道学报,1992,14(3):10-21.(ZHAI Wanming.The Vertical Model of Vehicle-Track System and Its Coupling Dynamic Principle[J].Jounal ofthe China Railway Society,1992,14(3):10-21.in Chinese)
[6]马学宁,梁波.高速铁路路基结构时变系统耦合动力分析[J].铁道学报,2006,28(5):65-70.(MA Xuening,LIANG Bo.A Time-Varying Coupling Model for Dynamic Analysis of High Speed Railway Subgrade[J].Jounal of the China Railway Society,2006,28(5):65-70.in Chinese)
[7]蔡成标,翟婉明,王其昌.轨道几何不平顺安全限值的研究[J].铁道学报,1995,17(4):82-89.(CAI Chengbiao,ZHAI Wanming,WANG Qichang.Study on Allowable Safety Criterion of Track Geometric Irregu-larities[J].Jounal of the China Railway Society,1995,17(4):82-89.in Chinese)
[8]张格明.160 km.h-1线路轨道不平顺管理标准的研究[J].中国铁道科学,1995,16(4):31-40.(ZHANG Geming.Research on Track Irregularities Limits of Quasi-High-Speed Railway[J].China Railway Sci-ence,1995,16(4):31-40.)
[9]宗军良,刘涛,宫全美,等.既有线提速路基动力响应特性研究[J].中国铁道科学,2007,28(4):7-11.(ZONG Junliang,LIU Tao,GONG Quanmei,et al.Dynamic Response Study on Speed-Increase Subgrade of Exist-ing Railway[J].China Railway Science,2007,28(4):7-11.in Chinese)
[10]韩自力,张千里.既有线提速路基动应力分析[J].中国铁道科学,2005,26(5):1-5.(HAN Zili,ZHANG Qianli.Dynamic Stress Analysis on Speed-Increase Subgrade of Existing Railway[J].ChinaRailway Science.2005,26(5):1-5.in Chinese)
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