重庆涪陵五中滑坡特征及成因分析
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摘要
重庆涪陵五中滑坡(130×104m3)发生于2008年1月3日,该滑坡位于涪陵五中西南的迎宾大道内侧,属单斜顺层岩质滑坡。通过详细的现场调查和室内资料分析后认为:中倾坡外的顺层结构、碎裂结构的岩体为滑坡的孕育和发生提供了物质基础和结构条件,是滑坡发生的结构性因素;泥质砂岩和泥岩属中等膨胀性岩石,遇水极易软化,加之历史上构造应力的作用,形成层间泥化夹层,泥化夹层含膨胀性粘土矿物蒙脱石和伊利石,是造成滑坡发生的控制性因素。诱发因素主要有两个:一是由于水的作用,坡体岩层间泥化夹层发生软化,降低了力学强度;二是修建公路开挖坡脚进行人工切坡形成有效临空面,坡体具备了临空剪出的条件。随着坡体的蠕动变形,在各种因素的综合作用下,层间剪切带逐渐贯通,最终导致滑坡发生。
A landslide with volume of 130×104m3 occurred at Fuling Fifth Middle School in Chongqing on Jan 3,2008.It is a bedding monoclinic rock landslide.This paper presents the investigation on the characteristics and causes of the landslide.The paper summarizes the findings.At firstly,the inclined terrace and cracked rock mass were the structural factors causing the landslide.Secondly,because they were softened in water and acted by tectonic stress in geologic history,the argillaceous sandstone and mudstone were prone to argillation and forming weak seams.The weak seams comprised montmorillonite and illite.The weak seams were the controlling factor causing the landslide.Thirdly,water weakened the strength of the weak seam.Finally,digging slope toe was one of the inducing factors to the landslide.With creeping of the landslide,the factors acted each other and led to the occurrence of the landslide.
A landslide with volume of 130×104m3 occurred at Fuling Fifth Middle School in Chongqing on Jan 3,2008.It is a bedding monoclinic rock landslide.This paper presents the investigation on the characteristics and causes of the landslide.The paper summarizes the findings.At firstly,the inclined terrace and cracked rock mass were the structural factors causing the landslide.Secondly,because they were softened in water and acted by tectonic stress in geologic history,the argillaceous sandstone and mudstone were prone to argillation and forming weak seams.The weak seams comprised montmorillonite and illite.The weak seams were the controlling factor causing the landslide.Thirdly,water weakened the strength of the weak seam.Finally,digging slope toe was one of the inducing factors to the landslide.With creeping of the landslide,the factors acted each other and led to the occurrence of the landslide.
引文
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[15]重庆市地方标准.地质灾害防治工程勘查规范(DB50/143-2003)[S],2003Chongqing local standard.Survey normfor preventing engineeringof Geological disaster(DB50/143-2003,2003.
[16]安光明,毛彦龙,李滨,崔振东.重庆市涪陵区植物油厂滑坡成因机制分析与稳定性评价[J].工程地质学报,2007,15(5):593~598.An Guangming,Mao Yanlong,Li Bin,Cui Zhendong.Formationmechanism and stability of landslide at Vegetable Oil Factory,Chongqing.Journal of Engineering Geology,2007,15(5):593~598.
[2]张咸恭,王思敬,张倬元等.中国工程地质学[M].北京:科学出版社,2000,194.Zhang Xiangong,Wang Sijing,Zhang Zhuoyuan,etc..China Engi-neering Geology.Beijing:Science Press,2000,194.
[3]晏同珍,杨顺安,方云.滑坡学[M].北京:中国地质大学出版社,2000.Yan Tongzhen,Yang Shun′an,Fang Yun.Landslide.Beijing:China University of Geosciences,2000.
[4]白云峰,周德培,王科等.顺层滑坡的发育环境及分布特征[J].自然灾害学报,2004,13(3):39~43.Bai Yunfeng,Zhou Depei,Wang Ke,etc..Development environ-ment and distribution characteristics of bedding plane landslides.Journal of Natural Disasters,2004,13(3):39~43.
[5]李晓,张年学,李守定,廖秋林.奉节白衣庵滑坡演化的工程地质与历史地质分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2006,25(12):2416~2424.Li Xiao,Zhang Nianxue,Li Shouding,Liao Qiulin.Engineering ge-ological and historic geological analysis of Baiyi'an landslide evolu-tion in fengjie county.Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and En-gineering,2006,25(12):2416~2424.
[6]祁生文,伍法权,常中华等.三峡地区奉节县城缓倾层状岸坡变形破坏模式及成因机制[J].岩土工程学报,2006,28(1):88~91.Qi Shengwen,Wu Faquan,Chang Zhonghua.Mechanism and mod-el for deformation of bank slope with slightly inclined soil layers inFengjie County of Three Gorges.Chinese Journal of GeotechnicalEngineering,2006,28(1):88~91.
[7]李守定,李晓,董艳辉,等.重庆万州吉安滑坡特征与成因研究,岩石力学与工程学报,2005,(9):2159~3164.Li Shouding,Li Xiao,Dong Yanhui,et al..The study of Ji′anlandslide character and origin in Chongqing Wanzhou.ChineseJournal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2005,(9):2159~3164.
[8]黄润秋.中国西部地区典型岩质滑坡机理研究[J].地球科学进展,2004,19(3):444~450.Huang Runqiu.Mechanismof large scale landslides inwestern Chi-na.Advance in Earth Sciences,2004,19(3):444~450.
[9]廖秋林,李晓,李守定等.三峡库区千将坪滑坡的发生、地质地貌特征、成因及滑坡判据研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2005,(9):3146~3153.Liao Qiulin,Li Xiao,Dong Yanhui,etc..Occurrence,geology andgeomorphy characteristics and origin of Qianjiangping landslide inThree Gorges Reservoir area and study on acient landslide criteri-on.Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2005,(9):3146~3153.
[10]刘红星,苏爱军,王永平等.软弱夹层对斜坡稳定性的影响分析[J].武汉理工大学学报(交通科学与工程版),2004,28(5):766~770.Liu Hongxing,Su Aijun,Wang Yongping,etc..Analysis of affec-tion of weak seam to slope stability.Journal of Wuhan Universityof Technology(Transportation Science&Engineering),2004,28(5):766~770.
[11]张年学,盛祝平,孙广忠等.长江三峡工程库区顺层岸坡研究[M].北京:地震出版社,1993.Zhang Nianxue,Sheng Zhuping,Sun Guangzhong,etc.The conse-quence bank slope study of Three Gorges Project Reservoir Areaat Yangtze River.Beijing:Earthquake Press,1993.
[12]北京中铁工建筑工程设计院.涪陵长江大桥南引道k0+950~k1+110公路内侧斜坡变形体治理工程———岩土工程勘察报告[R],2005.China Railway Engineering(Beijing)Design Institute.Report ofinvestigation of geotechnical engineering,2005.
[13]重庆市地质矿产勘查开发局川东南地质大队.国道319公路K2270+440~K2270+960段(涪陵迎宾大道五中后门)高切坡滑坡勘查报告[R],2008.Chuandongnan Investigating Bereau of Geology and Mineral.Re-port of Investigation of Geotechnical Engneering on 5th MiddleSchool Landslide in Fuling,2008.
[14]中华人民共和国国家标准.岩土工程勘察规范(GB/50021-2001)[S].北京:中国建筑工业出版社2001.Chinese National Standards.Code for investigation of geotechni-cal engineering(GB/50021-2001).Beijing:China Architec-ture&Building Press,2001.
[15]重庆市地方标准.地质灾害防治工程勘查规范(DB50/143-2003)[S],2003Chongqing local standard.Survey normfor preventing engineeringof Geological disaster(DB50/143-2003,2003.
[16]安光明,毛彦龙,李滨,崔振东.重庆市涪陵区植物油厂滑坡成因机制分析与稳定性评价[J].工程地质学报,2007,15(5):593~598.An Guangming,Mao Yanlong,Li Bin,Cui Zhendong.Formationmechanism and stability of landslide at Vegetable Oil Factory,Chongqing.Journal of Engineering Geology,2007,15(5):593~598.
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