爆破震动信号法判别岩体软弱夹层及其厚度的试验研究
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摘要
在南宁市郊区一试验场地进行了爆破震动信号判别软弱夹层试验,在试验中采用了无线网络控制的爆破震动信号测量系统,并针对以前试验中的不足,改变了药包起爆顺序和改进了监测点布置方式。试验结果表明:在软弱夹层上方爆破的震动信号时域曲线比较规整简单,频域曲线主峰非常突出明显且高频部分很少;在软弱夹层处及其下方爆破的震动信号时域曲线相对软弱层上方要复杂的多,频域曲线叠加了较多的高频成分,曲线中呈现多峰特性,因此根据爆破震动信号的变化规律可判别软弱夹层是否存在。提出采用应力波初至时刻来计算缓倾斜或水平软弱夹层厚度的简便方法,并进行了试验,试验结果表明软弱夹层厚度是近似均匀分布的。
The experiment for identification of soft interlayer by blasting vibration signals were did in an experimental site of Nanning suburb.In the experiment,the blasting vibration signal measurement system controlled by wireless network was used,and the order of dynamite explosion and arrangement of monitoring points were improved to overcome the shortcomings of previous experiments.The experimental results show that(1) under the condition that blasting area is above soft interlayer,the time domain curves of vibration signals are very simple,the peaks of frequency domain curves are very obvious and high frequency components are few;(2) under the condition that blasting area is in or below soft interlayer,the time domain curves of vibration signals are complex than the case that blasting area is above soft interlayer,the increase of more high frequency components in the frequency domain curves are obvious,and curves show multi-peak characteristics.So the soft interlayer can be identified by the variation of blasting vibration signals.The simple method for calculating the thickness of gently inclined or horizontal soft interlayer by using the initial arriving time of stress wave was brought forward,and the relative experimental result shows that the thickness of soft interlayer is similar to uniform distribution.
The experiment for identification of soft interlayer by blasting vibration signals were did in an experimental site of Nanning suburb.In the experiment,the blasting vibration signal measurement system controlled by wireless network was used,and the order of dynamite explosion and arrangement of monitoring points were improved to overcome the shortcomings of previous experiments.The experimental results show that(1) under the condition that blasting area is above soft interlayer,the time domain curves of vibration signals are very simple,the peaks of frequency domain curves are very obvious and high frequency components are few;(2) under the condition that blasting area is in or below soft interlayer,the time domain curves of vibration signals are complex than the case that blasting area is above soft interlayer,the increase of more high frequency components in the frequency domain curves are obvious,and curves show multi-peak characteristics.So the soft interlayer can be identified by the variation of blasting vibration signals.The simple method for calculating the thickness of gently inclined or horizontal soft interlayer by using the initial arriving time of stress wave was brought forward,and the relative experimental result shows that the thickness of soft interlayer is similar to uniform distribution.
引文
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[15]DING H,ZHENG Z M.Source Model of BlastingVibration[J].Science in China:Series E,2002,45(4):395-407.
[16]周春华,龙源,晏俊伟,等.基于WTMM的爆破振动信号奇异性分析[J].振动与冲击,2007,26(1):108-111.ZHOU Chunhua,LONG Yuan,YAN Junwei,et al.Singularity Analysis of Blasting Vibration Signals Based onWTMM[J].Journal of Vibration and Shock,2007,26(1):108-111.
[2]刘一伟,张继春,郭学彬,等.软弱夹层强度参数的室内模拟[J].西南科技大学学报:自然科学版,2007,22(1):30-34.LIU Yiwei,ZHANG Jichun,GUO Xuebin,et al.Studyon Laboratory Simulation of the Weak IntercalationIntensity Parameter[J].Journal of Southwest Universityof Science and Technology:Natural Science Edition,2007,22(1):30-34.
[3]范留明,闫娜,李宁.薄弹性软弱夹层的动力响应模型[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2006,25(1):88-92.FAN Liuming,YAN Na,LI Ning.Dynamic ResponseModel for Thin Soft Interlayer Considering InterbeddedReflecting Waves[J].Chinese Journal of RockMechanics and Engineering,2006,25(1):88-92.
[4]宋克志,杨华勋,安凯,等.复杂岩石地层盾构掘进速率预测模型研究[J].公路交通科技,2008,25(11):105-108.SONG Kezhi,YANG Huaxun,AN Kai,et al.ShieldTunneling Rate Prediction Model for Complex RockStratum[J].Journal of Highway and TransportationResearch and Development,2008,25(11):105-108.
[5]白金泽,丁桦,张均锋,等.爆破方法识别滑带实验研究[J].岩土力学,2006,27(1):102-105.BAI Jinze,DING Hua,ZHANG Junfeng,et al.Study onIdentification of Slip Surfaces for Landslides by Blasting[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2006,27(1):102-105.
[6]许年春,石东虹,张秋.反射波初至时刻判断中的信号对比法[J].重庆交通大学学报:自然科学版,2007,26(6):123-126.XU Nianchun,SHI Donghong,ZHANG Qiu.Method ofSignal Comparison Used to Judge Arriving Time for ReflectedWave[J].Journal of Chongqing Jiaotong University:Natural Science Edition,2007,26(6):123-126.
[7]王渝培.地震反射波法在隧道施工超前预报中的应用研究[J].西南大学学报:自然科学版,2008,30(9):170-173.WANG Yupei.Application of Seismic Reflection Wavesfor Geologic Advanced Prediction in Tunnel Construction[J].Journal of Southwest University:Natural ScienceEdition,2008,30(9):170-173.
[8]李国军,孙灵芬,廖鸿龙,等.正交偶极声波测井在鄂尔多斯盆地变质岩储层中的应用[J].测井技术,2007,31(4):357-359.LI Guojun,SUN Lingfen,LIAO Honglong,et al.Application of Dipole Acoustic Log in Metamorphic RockReservoirs in Erdos Basin[J].Well Logging Technology,2007,31(4):357-359.
[9]胡红,罗宁,李联新.阵列声波资料在测井解释中的应用[J].岩性油气藏,2008,20(2):97-101.HU Hong,LUO Ning,LI Lianxin.Application of ArrayAcoustic Wave Data in Well Logging Interpretation[J].Lithologic Reservoirs,2008,20(2):97-101.
[10]席道英,黄理兴.岩芯声学特性与原位测井参数对比研究[J].岩土力学,1995,16(2):52-56.XI Daoying,HUANG Lixing.Comparative Research of theAcoustic Characters of Rock Core Samples with the Graphof Well-logging in Site[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,1995,16(2):53-56.
[11]李利平,李术才,张庆松,等.小间距隧道爆破动力响应分析[J].公路交通科技,2008,25(7):100-106.LI Liping,LI Shucai,ZHANG Qingsong,et al.Analysisof Dynamic Response on Blasting Excavation of Close-spaced Tunnel[J].Journal of Highway andTransportation Research and Development,2008,25(7):100-106.
[12]龙丽平,伍彦峰,丁桦,等.运用爆破震动来识别地下裂隙和软弱夹层[J].北京航空航天大学学报,2005,31(6):682-685.LONG Liping,WU Yanfeng,DING Hua,et al.Detectionof Underground Cracks and Thin Weak Layers UsingBlasting Vibration[J].Journal of Beijing University ofAeronautics and Astronautics,2005,31(6):682-685.
[13]DING H.Study on Blasting Vibration[C]//Proceedings of the 7th International Symposium on RockFragmentation by Blasting.Beijing:[s.n.],2002:11-15.
[14]DING H,ZHENG Z M.Source Model for BlastingVibration and Tentative Application to EngineeringGeophysics[C]//Proceedings of the 9th InternationalCongress on Sound and Vibration.Florida:Orlando,2002:8-11.
[15]DING H,ZHENG Z M.Source Model of BlastingVibration[J].Science in China:Series E,2002,45(4):395-407.
[16]周春华,龙源,晏俊伟,等.基于WTMM的爆破振动信号奇异性分析[J].振动与冲击,2007,26(1):108-111.ZHOU Chunhua,LONG Yuan,YAN Junwei,et al.Singularity Analysis of Blasting Vibration Signals Based onWTMM[J].Journal of Vibration and Shock,2007,26(1):108-111.
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