TSP系列探测仪器在隧道中的应用
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摘要
针对TSP探测仪器使用中存在的问题,分析了TSP-202和TSP-203探测仪器各自的优缺点、TSP仪器现场探测时炮孔探测壁的布置原则、抑制声波干扰的方法、多台阶施工时接收器孔布置原则以及套管与接收器孔的耦合等技术。总结了一些受到各种干扰的现场数据实例。提出了在数据处理时频率、横波斜率的选取、处理结果多解性等问题以及解决的方法。结果表明:TSP-202的预报结果适合预报不良地质体的位置,TSP-203的预报结果适合较大区域的围岩分级;现场探测时炮孔不宜布置在左右洞之间;将炮孔深度增加至1.7 m可有效抑制声波的干扰;数据处理时依据频谱图手动选取频率效果会更好,横波斜率可依据不同围岩级别选取不同的参考值;不同的TSP解译成果不宜进行比较,这些结论对于TSP仪器使用者有着一定的参考作用。
Based on the problems existed in the use of TSP instrument,the respective advantages and disadvantages of TSP-202 and TSP-203 detection instruments,the layout principles of blast holes,the ways of suppressing the interference of sound,the layout principles of receiver holes in the multi-step construction,the coupling problem of receiver detect technology on site of TSP instrument are analyzed.The field data interfered by each factor are summarized.The selection of frequency and shear wave slope,the problem of multiplicity solutions are proposed when data processed.Some problems of TSP-203 detection instrument are discussed.The results show that TSP-202 detection instrument is suitable for the location of bad geological body,TSP-203 detection instrument is suitable for the classification of large area surrounding rock.Blast holes should not be arranged in the middle of left and right tunnel.The blast hole depth increased to 1.7 m can effectively suppress the interference of sound waves.Manually to select the frequency based on the spectrogram will be better when data processed,for the slope of the shear wave different reference values can be selected based on different surrounding rock levels.The different detection results of TSP are not suitable for comparison,these conclusions have a certain reference value to the users of TSP instrument.
Based on the problems existed in the use of TSP instrument,the respective advantages and disadvantages of TSP-202 and TSP-203 detection instruments,the layout principles of blast holes,the ways of suppressing the interference of sound,the layout principles of receiver holes in the multi-step construction,the coupling problem of receiver detect technology on site of TSP instrument are analyzed.The field data interfered by each factor are summarized.The selection of frequency and shear wave slope,the problem of multiplicity solutions are proposed when data processed.Some problems of TSP-203 detection instrument are discussed.The results show that TSP-202 detection instrument is suitable for the location of bad geological body,TSP-203 detection instrument is suitable for the classification of large area surrounding rock.Blast holes should not be arranged in the middle of left and right tunnel.The blast hole depth increased to 1.7 m can effectively suppress the interference of sound waves.Manually to select the frequency based on the spectrogram will be better when data processed,for the slope of the shear wave different reference values can be selected based on different surrounding rock levels.The different detection results of TSP are not suitable for comparison,these conclusions have a certain reference value to the users of TSP instrument.
引文
[1]刘志刚,凌宏亿,俞文生.隧道隧洞超前地质预报[M].北京:人民交通出版社,2011.(Liu Zhigang,Ling Hongyi,Yu Wensheng.Geological prediction oftunnel[M].Beijing:China Communications Press,2011.(in Chinese))
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[6]罗利锐,刘志刚.岩溶地区超前地质预报方法对比分析[J].岩土工程学报,2011,33(增1):344-348.(Luo Lirui,Liu Zhigang.Comparative analysis of geo-logical prediction methods in karst areas[J].ChineseJournal of Geotechnical Engineering,2011,33(Supp.1):344-348.(in Chinese))
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[8]刘志刚,赵勇.隧道隧洞施工地质技术[M].北京:中国铁道出版社,2001.(Liu Zhigang,Zhao Yong.Construction geological technique of tunnel[M].Bei-jing:China Railway Publishing House,2001.(in Chi-nese))
[9]Brooks J W.Applications of GPR technology to humani-taria demising operations in Cambodia:some lessonslearned[R].[S.1.]:[s.n.].Brooks EnterprisesInternational,Inc.,1996:1-9.
[10]罗利锐,刘志刚,陈文涛,等.红外探测技术在海底隧道地质预报中的应用[J].地下空间与工程学报,2010,8(4):775-780.(Luo Lirui,Liu Zhigang,ChenWentao.et a1.Application of infrared acquisition tech-nology in geological prediction of sub-sea tunnel[J].Chinese Journal of Underground Space and Engineering,2010,8(4):775-780.(in Chinese))
[2]罗利锐,刘志刚,闫怡冲.超前地质预报系统的提出及其发展方向[J].岩土力学学报,2011,32(增1):614-618.(Luo Lirui,Liu Zhigang,Yan Yichong.The concept and development of geological predictionsystem[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2011,32(Supp.1):614-618.(in Chinese))
[3]罗利锐,刘志刚.超前地质预报在翔安海底隧道中的应[J].铁道工程学报,2009,(7):80-83.(LuoLirui,Liu Zhigang.Application of the geological predic-tion in advance in construction of Xiang’an submarinetunnel[J].Journal of Railway Engineering Society,2009，(7):80-83．(in Chinese))
[4]许振浩,李术才,张庆松,等.TSP超前地质预报地震波反射特性研究[J].地下空间与工程学报,2008,4(4):640-644.(Xu Zhenhao,Li Shucai,Zhang Qingsong,et a1.Reflection characteristic of seis-mic wave in TSP advance geological prediction[J].Chi-nese Journal of Underground Space and Engineering,2008,4(4):640-644.(in Chinese))
[5]中华人民共和国行业标准编写组.铁路隧道超前地质预报技术指南[S].北京:中国铁道出版社,2008.(The Professional Standards Compilation Groupof People’s Republic of China.Technical guide of therailway tunnel geological prediction[S].Beijing:ChinaRailway Publishing House,2008.(in Chinese))
[6]罗利锐,刘志刚.岩溶地区超前地质预报方法对比分析[J].岩土工程学报,2011,33(增1):344-348.(Luo Lirui,Liu Zhigang.Comparative analysis of geo-logical prediction methods in karst areas[J].ChineseJournal of Geotechnical Engineering,2011,33(Supp.1):344-348.(in Chinese))
[7]罗利锐,刘志刚,耿彦生,等.宏观地质预报在厦门海底隧道中的应用[J].山东大学学报,2009,39(增2):45-50.(Luo Lirui,Liu Zhigang,Geng Yansheng.et a1.Application of macro geological prediction to Xia-men subsea tunnel[J].Journal of Shandong University,2009,39(Supp.2):45-50.(in Chinese))
[8]刘志刚,赵勇.隧道隧洞施工地质技术[M].北京:中国铁道出版社,2001.(Liu Zhigang,Zhao Yong.Construction geological technique of tunnel[M].Bei-jing:China Railway Publishing House,2001.(in Chi-nese))
[9]Brooks J W.Applications of GPR technology to humani-taria demising operations in Cambodia:some lessonslearned[R].[S.1.]:[s.n.].Brooks EnterprisesInternational,Inc.,1996:1-9.
[10]罗利锐,刘志刚,陈文涛,等.红外探测技术在海底隧道地质预报中的应用[J].地下空间与工程学报,2010,8(4):775-780.(Luo Lirui,Liu Zhigang,ChenWentao.et a1.Application of infrared acquisition tech-nology in geological prediction of sub-sea tunnel[J].Chinese Journal of Underground Space and Engineering,2010,8(4):775-780.(in Chinese))
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