三峡水库与诱发地震
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摘要
三峡水利枢纽规模宏大,举世瞩目,具有巨大的防洪、发电、航运等综合效益,是开发治理长江的骨干工程。三峡工程已于2003年6月15日蓄水至135m,永久船闸通航,7月第一批机组发电;2006年5月20日大坝185m高程全线贯通,10月27日蓄水至156m;2009年全部工程竣工投产。三峡水库已初步形成,随着蓄水位上升,库容加大,诱发水库地震的可能性也将加大。根据最大历史地震震级并适当加权,确定库区最大可信地震为6级左右。在仙女山和九湾溪断裂一带(距坝址为18km)存在诱发地震的可能,震级MS=5.0～5.8级。对坝址所受影响烈度为Ⅵ度,不会对按烈度Ⅶ度设防的枢纽主要建筑物构成直接威胁。必须加强对三峡水库诱发地震的监测及预报,预防地震及地质灾害,确保工程建设及运行安全,构建和谐社会,确保长治久安。本文根据国内外及三峡水库有关地震监测及预测预报资料,对三峡水库诱发地震进行初步探讨,供参阅指正。
The Three Gorges Project (TGP) on the Yangtze River (YR) is the largest water resources project in the world, it is now attracting the world wide attention. Possessing comprehensive utilization benefits mainly for flood control, power generation and navigation improvement, TGP will be a vital important and backbone project in harnessing and developing of the YR.The TG reservoir has been formed initially, in pace with the water level raising, the storage capacity enlarged, the possibility of reservoir induced earthquake also increases, the highest intensity of induced earthquake would be less than VI, and no influence for VII designed TGP. However, we must enhance the study, monitoring and forecast of the induced earthquakes, prevent seismic and geological calamities, ensure the safe construction and operation of TGP. Set up the harmonious society, guarantee the long period of peace and order.According to the long-term earthquake monitoring and research of earthquake forecasts of both inside and outside the country for induced seismicity, this article illuminates and explores the induced earthquake of the TG reservoir for your reference and comments.
The Three Gorges Project (TGP) on the Yangtze River (YR) is the largest water resources project in the world, it is now attracting the world wide attention. Possessing comprehensive utilization benefits mainly for flood control, power generation and navigation improvement, TGP will be a vital important and backbone project in harnessing and developing of the YR.The TG reservoir has been formed initially, in pace with the water level raising, the storage capacity enlarged, the possibility of reservoir induced earthquake also increases, the highest intensity of induced earthquake would be less than VI, and no influence for VII designed TGP. However, we must enhance the study, monitoring and forecast of the induced earthquakes, prevent seismic and geological calamities, ensure the safe construction and operation of TGP. Set up the harmonious society, guarantee the long period of peace and order.According to the long-term earthquake monitoring and research of earthquake forecasts of both inside and outside the country for induced seismicity, this article illuminates and explores the induced earthquake of the TG reservoir for your reference and comments.
引文
[1]王儒述.三峡工程是一项生态环境工程.见:中国三峡总公司.中国三峡建设.2004年1月,42-46
[2]王儒述.三峡工程的环境影响及其对策.见:长江流域资源与环境.2002年7月,317-322
[3]国家环境保护总局.长江三峡工程生态与环境监测公报.1997年5月—2005年5月
[4]高福暉.地震力学.成都:四川科学技术出版社,1995年4月
[5]长江水利委员会.三峡工程地质研究.武汉:湖北科学技术出版社,1997年10月
[6]中国科学院环境评价部,长江水资源保护科学研究所.长江三峡水利枢纽环境影响报告书(简写本).北京:科学出版社,1996年10月
[7]Wang Rushu.Balancing Environment and Development in:International Water Power&Dam Construction Lon-don UK:2003年3月,34-38“Fighting the Floods”,2004-2,14-16
[8]Wang Rushu.Fighting the Floods.In:International Water Power&Dam Construction Londor UK:2004年2月
[2]王儒述.三峡工程的环境影响及其对策.见:长江流域资源与环境.2002年7月,317-322
[3]国家环境保护总局.长江三峡工程生态与环境监测公报.1997年5月—2005年5月
[4]高福暉.地震力学.成都:四川科学技术出版社,1995年4月
[5]长江水利委员会.三峡工程地质研究.武汉:湖北科学技术出版社,1997年10月
[6]中国科学院环境评价部,长江水资源保护科学研究所.长江三峡水利枢纽环境影响报告书(简写本).北京:科学出版社,1996年10月
[7]Wang Rushu.Balancing Environment and Development in:International Water Power&Dam Construction Lon-don UK:2003年3月,34-38“Fighting the Floods”,2004-2,14-16
[8]Wang Rushu.Fighting the Floods.In:International Water Power&Dam Construction Londor UK:2004年2月
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