挡块对规则连续梁桥简化抗震分析方法的影响
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摘要
根据Megally等人的试验结果,提出了钢筋混凝土横向抗震挡块的简化滞回分析模型,并以之讨论了挡块对规则连续梁桥横向地震反应的影响,以及对两种常见的简化抗震分析法(一是忽略挡块、二是横向按固结处理)可靠性的影响。通过参数分析后发现:按忽略挡块进行抗震分析会高估结构的位移需求而低估其力的需求,而固结的方式则可能导致相反的结果,两种方法的可靠性与挡块的强度密切相关。挡块的抗震性能对桥梁墩柱的性能状态(弹性/塑性)有显著影响,而强度设计合理的挡块在地震作用下不仅可以发挥良好的"限位功能",而且可以满足桥梁结构多水准设防的性能要求。
A simplified hysteretic analytical model of the transverse reinforced concrete seismic retainer was proposed based on the experimental results published by Megally et al.Applying this model,influences of the retainer on the transverse seismic response of a regular continuous girder bridge was investigated and the reliability of two simplified analytical methods for seismic bridge design,i.e.ignoring the effects of the retainer(method I) and taking transverse connections between the girder and the piers to be fixed(method II),was discussed.The results show that method I overestimates the displacement demand and underestimates the force demand in the bridge,and method II likely leads to the opposite.The reliability of these two methods is closely related to the strength of the retainer.The seismic performance of the retainer has a significant impact on the behavior of pier.The retainer with appropriately designed strength not only functions well in restraining the displacement response of bridges,but can also satisfy the performance criteria corresponding to multi-level fortification for bridges.
A simplified hysteretic analytical model of the transverse reinforced concrete seismic retainer was proposed based on the experimental results published by Megally et al.Applying this model,influences of the retainer on the transverse seismic response of a regular continuous girder bridge was investigated and the reliability of two simplified analytical methods for seismic bridge design,i.e.ignoring the effects of the retainer(method I) and taking transverse connections between the girder and the piers to be fixed(method II),was discussed.The results show that method I overestimates the displacement demand and underestimates the force demand in the bridge,and method II likely leads to the opposite.The reliability of these two methods is closely related to the strength of the retainer.The seismic performance of the retainer has a significant impact on the behavior of pier.The retainer with appropriately designed strength not only functions well in restraining the displacement response of bridges,but can also satisfy the performance criteria corresponding to multi-level fortification for bridges.
引文
[1]中华人民共和国交通运输部.公路桥梁抗震设计细则(JTG/T B02-01—2008)[S].北京:人民交通出版社,2008.Ministry of Transport of the People's Republic of China.Guidelines for Seismic Design of Highway Bridges(JTG/T B02-01—2008)[S].Bei-jing:China Communications Press,2008.
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[3]徐略勤,李建中,吴陶晶.碰撞效应对非规则梁桥横向地震反应的影响[J].振动与冲击,2011,30(4):95-99.Xu Lueqin,Li Jianzhong,Wu Taojing.Influence of pounding effects on transverse seismic response of a nonstandard girder bridge[J].Journal ofVibration and Shock,2011,30(4):95-99.
[4]聂利英,范立础.地震作用下城市立交抗震挡防撞措施分析[J].中国公路学报,2006,19(3):49-53.Nie Liying,Fan Lichu.Analysis of crashworthy measure of reinforced concrete block on anti-seismic urban interchange bridge under earthquake[J].China Journal of Highway and Transport,2006,19(3):49-53.
[5]Maleki S.Effect of side retainers on seismic response of bridges with elastomeric bearings[J].Journal of Bridge Engineering,2004,9(1):95-100.
[6]Goel RK,Chopra AK.Role of shear keys in seismic behavior of bridges crossing fault-rupture zones[J].Journal of Bridge Engineering,2008,13(4):398-408.
[7]Megally SH,Silva PF,Seible F.Seismic response of sacrificial shear keys in bridge abutments[R].Structural Systems Research Report SSRP-2001/23,Department of Structural Engineering,University of California,San Diego,La Jolla,California,2001.
[8]Silva PF,Megally SH,Seible F.Seismic performance of sacrificial exterior shear keys in bridge abutments[J].Earthquake Spectra,2009,25(3):643-664.
[9]Mazzoni S,McKenna F,Scott MH,Fenves GL.Open system for earthquake engineering simulation(OpenSees):OpenSees command languagemanual[M].Pacific Earthquake Engineering Center,University of California,Berkeley,2007.
[10]Mander JB,Priestley MJN,Park R.Theoretical stress-strain model for confined concrete[J].Journal of Structural Engineering,1989,114(8):1804-1826.
[11]AASHTO.AASHTO LRFD Bridge Design Specifications[S].American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officals,Washington,DC,USA,2004.
[12]中华人民共和国交通部.公路桥梁板式橡胶支座(JT-T4-2004)[S].北京:人民交通出版社,2004.Ministry of Transport of the People's Republic of China.Plate type elastomeric pad bearings for highway bridges(JT-T 4-2004)[S].Beijing:China Communications Press,2004.
[2]中华人民共和国交通部.公路桥涵设计通用规范(JTG D60-2004)[S].北京:人民交通出版社,2004.Ministry of Transport of the People's Republic of China.General Code for Design of Highway Bridges and Culverts(JTG D60-2004)[S].Bei-jing:China Communications Press,2004.
[3]徐略勤,李建中,吴陶晶.碰撞效应对非规则梁桥横向地震反应的影响[J].振动与冲击,2011,30(4):95-99.Xu Lueqin,Li Jianzhong,Wu Taojing.Influence of pounding effects on transverse seismic response of a nonstandard girder bridge[J].Journal ofVibration and Shock,2011,30(4):95-99.
[4]聂利英,范立础.地震作用下城市立交抗震挡防撞措施分析[J].中国公路学报,2006,19(3):49-53.Nie Liying,Fan Lichu.Analysis of crashworthy measure of reinforced concrete block on anti-seismic urban interchange bridge under earthquake[J].China Journal of Highway and Transport,2006,19(3):49-53.
[5]Maleki S.Effect of side retainers on seismic response of bridges with elastomeric bearings[J].Journal of Bridge Engineering,2004,9(1):95-100.
[6]Goel RK,Chopra AK.Role of shear keys in seismic behavior of bridges crossing fault-rupture zones[J].Journal of Bridge Engineering,2008,13(4):398-408.
[7]Megally SH,Silva PF,Seible F.Seismic response of sacrificial shear keys in bridge abutments[R].Structural Systems Research Report SSRP-2001/23,Department of Structural Engineering,University of California,San Diego,La Jolla,California,2001.
[8]Silva PF,Megally SH,Seible F.Seismic performance of sacrificial exterior shear keys in bridge abutments[J].Earthquake Spectra,2009,25(3):643-664.
[9]Mazzoni S,McKenna F,Scott MH,Fenves GL.Open system for earthquake engineering simulation(OpenSees):OpenSees command languagemanual[M].Pacific Earthquake Engineering Center,University of California,Berkeley,2007.
[10]Mander JB,Priestley MJN,Park R.Theoretical stress-strain model for confined concrete[J].Journal of Structural Engineering,1989,114(8):1804-1826.
[11]AASHTO.AASHTO LRFD Bridge Design Specifications[S].American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officals,Washington,DC,USA,2004.
[12]中华人民共和国交通部.公路桥梁板式橡胶支座(JT-T4-2004)[S].北京:人民交通出版社,2004.Ministry of Transport of the People's Republic of China.Plate type elastomeric pad bearings for highway bridges(JT-T 4-2004)[S].Beijing:China Communications Press,2004.
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