宝成铁路宝鸡—广元段隧道震害的调查与分析
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摘要
汶川大地震及其延续的余震,对震区铁路造成了较为严重的破坏。通过对震后宝成铁路宝鸡至广元段323座隧道进行现场调查,归纳了典型破坏形式,即:洞口边仰坡落石、洞口结构破坏、明洞砸毁、棚洞损坏、衬砌开裂、衬砌漏水和衬砌剥落掉块等。分析了破坏成因,主要为地质构造、地形条件、地层岩性、水、地震设防等级和线路选线等。在此基础上提出了防治措施:①在边仰坡上方清理明显危石,并挂设主动、被动防护网;②在洞门与衬砌之间加设连接钢筋,使之成为一个整体,增强抗震能力;③在衬砌背后注浆加固,衬砌挂网喷射混凝土,增设仰拱,打设自进式锚杆加固边墙隧底。
The Wenchuan earthquake and its aftershocks continue,have caused serious damage to the railway there.Through our post-earthquake on-the-spot investigation of the 323 tunnels of the Baoji-Guangyuan Section of the Baoji-Chengdu Railway,the typical damaged forms are summed up as follows: rockfall from the inverted side slope at the inlet,structural damage to the inlet,broken inlet,damage to the shed hole,lining cracks,leakage of the lining and lining peeling off the tunnel wall,etc.Upon the basis of the analysis of the causes of the damage,it is found that most kinds of the damage are mainly due to geological structure,topography,property of the rock,water,security level of seismic lines and line selection and so on.According to the results of the analysis,corresponding control measures are presented in the paper: ①removing the obvious dangerous stones above the side supine slope,and laying active and passive protection nets;② laying connective steel bars between the lined layer and the portal so as to integrate them into a whole,and enhance their anti-seismic capablity;③slipcasting concrete behind the lined layer so as to strengthen it,laying lining-linking nets and shotcreting concrete,providing additional inverted arch,and driving self-bolting reinforcement into the wall to strengthen the bottom of the tunnel.
The Wenchuan earthquake and its aftershocks continue,have caused serious damage to the railway there.Through our post-earthquake on-the-spot investigation of the 323 tunnels of the Baoji-Guangyuan Section of the Baoji-Chengdu Railway,the typical damaged forms are summed up as follows: rockfall from the inverted side slope at the inlet,structural damage to the inlet,broken inlet,damage to the shed hole,lining cracks,leakage of the lining and lining peeling off the tunnel wall,etc.Upon the basis of the analysis of the causes of the damage,it is found that most kinds of the damage are mainly due to geological structure,topography,property of the rock,water,security level of seismic lines and line selection and so on.According to the results of the analysis,corresponding control measures are presented in the paper: ①removing the obvious dangerous stones above the side supine slope,and laying active and passive protection nets;② laying connective steel bars between the lined layer and the portal so as to integrate them into a whole,and enhance their anti-seismic capablity;③slipcasting concrete behind the lined layer so as to strengthen it,laying lining-linking nets and shotcreting concrete,providing additional inverted arch,and driving self-bolting reinforcement into the wall to strengthen the bottom of the tunnel.
引文
[1]铁道第二勘察设计院.TB 10003—2005铁路隧道设计规范[S].北京:中国铁道出版社,2005
[2]铁道第一勘察设计院.TB 10012—2001铁路工程地质勘察规范[S].北京:中国铁道出版社,2001
[3]关宝树.隧道工程设计要点集[M].北京:人民交通出版社,2003
[4]铁道部第二勘测设计院.铁路工程设计技术手册:隧道[M].北京:中国铁道出版社,1995
[2]铁道第一勘察设计院.TB 10012—2001铁路工程地质勘察规范[S].北京:中国铁道出版社,2001
[3]关宝树.隧道工程设计要点集[M].北京:人民交通出版社,2003
[4]铁道部第二勘测设计院.铁路工程设计技术手册:隧道[M].北京:中国铁道出版社,1995
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