黄土无衬砌隧道破坏机制振动台试验研究——隧道稳定性分析讲座之二
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摘要
在参考相关文献以及做了一定数值模拟分析后进行了黄土无衬砌隧道的大型振动台试验的研究。振动台试验的研究结果表明:埋深越深峰值加速度越小,埋深浅的隧道和地下结构要加强抗震措施;隧道洞口部由于刚性变化较大峰值加速度相比沿隧道其它位置要大,在隧道洞口部一定范围内要提高抗震水准;隧道直墙中下部是最易破坏的部位,而隧道仰拱会出现拉裂缝,最终这两处会形成贯通的破坏区,在输入0.8 g的峰值加速度后测得的加速度峰值曲线变缓,在0.8g的峰值加速度处出现拐点,表明此时隧道围岩进入塑性。进行振动台试验的数值模拟分析表明:在输入0.9 g的峰值加速度计算得到的隧道安全系数为1.07,而在输入1.0g的峰值加速度时隧道的安全系数低于1.0,隧道破坏。试验和数值模拟都说明黄土无衬砌隧道具有很强的抗震性能。
A large-scale shaking table test of loess unlined tunnel is done after relevant literature consulting,and numerical simulation analysis.Shaking table test results show that: the deeper the depth the smaller peak acceleration,the tunnels and underground structures with shallow depth need to reinforce earthquake resistance measures;tunnel entrance department will have greater change in peak acceleration dueto its rigidity.Compared to other locations along the tunnel the seismic standards,in the tunnel entrance area within a certain range;should been hanced tunnel in the lower part of vertical wall is the most easily damaged parts and the tensile cracks of tunnel invert will appear at first,and eventually the two parts will be formed connected destroyed areas;the measured peak acceleration curve is more smooth when the input peak acceleration is more than 0.8 g,the surrounding rock is plastic when a turning point appears at the input peak acceleration in 0.8 g.The numerical simulation analysis of the shaking table test shows that:the safety factor of the tunnel is 1.07 when the input peak acceleration is 0.9 g,but the safety factor of the tunnel is less than 1.0 when the input peak acceleration is 1.0 g,then the tunnel damaged.The shaking table test and numerical simulation all show that loess unlined tunnel has strong anti-seismic performance.
A large-scale shaking table test of loess unlined tunnel is done after relevant literature consulting,and numerical simulation analysis.Shaking table test results show that: the deeper the depth the smaller peak acceleration,the tunnels and underground structures with shallow depth need to reinforce earthquake resistance measures;tunnel entrance department will have greater change in peak acceleration dueto its rigidity.Compared to other locations along the tunnel the seismic standards,in the tunnel entrance area within a certain range;should been hanced tunnel in the lower part of vertical wall is the most easily damaged parts and the tensile cracks of tunnel invert will appear at first,and eventually the two parts will be formed connected destroyed areas;the measured peak acceleration curve is more smooth when the input peak acceleration is more than 0.8 g,the surrounding rock is plastic when a turning point appears at the input peak acceleration in 0.8 g.The numerical simulation analysis of the shaking table test shows that:the safety factor of the tunnel is 1.07 when the input peak acceleration is 0.9 g,but the safety factor of the tunnel is less than 1.0 when the input peak acceleration is 1.0 g,then the tunnel damaged.The shaking table test and numerical simulation all show that loess unlined tunnel has strong anti-seismic performance.
引文
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[6]四川省交通运输厅公路规划勘察设计研究院,甘肃省公路管理局,等.汶川地震公路震害评估、机理分析及设防标准评价项目研究总报告[R].2011.(Highway Planning,Survey,Design and Research In-stitute,Department of Transport,Sichuan Province,Gansu Province Administration Bureau of Highway andetc.Report on damage assessment of highway caused byWenchuan earthquake,damage mechanism analysis anddesign criteria for the project evaluation[R].2011.(inChinese))
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[8]杨超,杨林德,季倩倩.软土地铁车站地震响应数值计算方法的研究[J].地下空间与工程学报,2006,2(1):87-95.(Yang Chao,Yang Linde,Ji Qianqian.Study of numerical method for anti-seismic design ofsubway station structure in soft soil[J].Chinese Journalof Underground Space and Engineering,2006,2(1):87-95.(in Chinese))
[9]肖强,郑颖人,叶海林.静力无衬砌黄土隧道稳定性探讨[J]地下空间与工程学报,2010,6(12):1136-1 141.(Xiao Qiang,Zheng Yingren,Ye Hailin.Stabili-ty analysis of static unlined loess tunnel[J].ChineseJournal of Underground Space and Engineering,2010,6(12):1 136-1 141.(in Chinese))
[10]杨俊杰.相似理论与结构模型试验[M].武汉:武汉理工大学出版社,2005.(Yang Junjie.Similarity theoryand structural test[M].Wuhan:Wuhan University ofTechnology Press,2005.(in Chinese))
[2]Wolf J P,Song C M.Dynamic-stiffness matrix of un-bounded soil by finite element multi-cell cloning[J].Earthquake Eng.Struct.Dyn.1994,23(3):232-250.
[3]陈国兴,庄海洋,杜修力,等.土-地铁隧道动力相互作用的大型振动台试验———试验结果分析[J].地震工程与工程振动,2007,27(2):165-170.(ChenGuoxing,Zhuang Haiyang,Du Xiuli,et al.A large-scaleshaking table test for dynamic soil-metro tunnel interac-tion:Analysis of test result[J].Earthquake EngineeringAnd Engineering Vibration,2007,27(2):165-170.(inChinese))
[4]陈国兴,庄海洋,杜修力,等.土-地铁隧道动力相互作用的大型振动台试验:试验方案设计[J].地震工程与工程振动,2006,26(12):178-183.(ChenGuoxing,Zhuang Haiyang,Du Xiuli,et al.A large-scaleshaking table test for dynamic soil-metro tunnel interac-tion:test scheme[J].Earthquake Engineering And En-gineering Vibration,2006,26(12):178-183.(in Chi-nese))
[5]申玉生,高波,王英学.强震区山岭隧道洞口段结构动力特性分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2009,28(5):3 131-3 136.(Shen Yusheng,Gao Bo,WangYingxue.Structural Dynamic Properties Analysis ForPortal Part Of Mountain Tunnel In Strong EarthquakeArea[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engi-neering,2009,28(5):3 131-3 136.(in Chinese))
[6]四川省交通运输厅公路规划勘察设计研究院,甘肃省公路管理局,等.汶川地震公路震害评估、机理分析及设防标准评价项目研究总报告[R].2011.(Highway Planning,Survey,Design and Research In-stitute,Department of Transport,Sichuan Province,Gansu Province Administration Bureau of Highway andetc.Report on damage assessment of highway caused byWenchuan earthquake,damage mechanism analysis anddesign criteria for the project evaluation[R].2011.(inChinese))
[7]Y.Li,F.Emeriault,R.Kastner,et al.Stability anal-ysis of large slurry shield-driven tunnel in soft clay[J].Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology 24(2009)472-481.
[8]杨超,杨林德,季倩倩.软土地铁车站地震响应数值计算方法的研究[J].地下空间与工程学报,2006,2(1):87-95.(Yang Chao,Yang Linde,Ji Qianqian.Study of numerical method for anti-seismic design ofsubway station structure in soft soil[J].Chinese Journalof Underground Space and Engineering,2006,2(1):87-95.(in Chinese))
[9]肖强,郑颖人,叶海林.静力无衬砌黄土隧道稳定性探讨[J]地下空间与工程学报,2010,6(12):1136-1 141.(Xiao Qiang,Zheng Yingren,Ye Hailin.Stabili-ty analysis of static unlined loess tunnel[J].ChineseJournal of Underground Space and Engineering,2010,6(12):1 136-1 141.(in Chinese))
[10]杨俊杰.相似理论与结构模型试验[M].武汉:武汉理工大学出版社,2005.(Yang Junjie.Similarity theoryand structural test[M].Wuhan:Wuhan University ofTechnology Press,2005.(in Chinese))
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