大跨双层斜拉桥的行波效应
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摘要
以目前跨度最大的双层公路斜拉桥——上海闵浦大桥为例,研究行波效应对大跨双层斜拉桥地震响应的影响。建立考虑双层桥面间不同腹杆的梁壳空间有限元模型,通过静力几何非线性分析获取全桥的初始平衡态,在此基础上进行特征值分析与几何非线性动力分析,分别获取全桥的动力特性与地震响应。分析了3组不同地震波在不同视波速下的大跨双层斜拉桥的地震响应,给出了视波速对主塔、辅助墩地震响应以及塔梁、墩梁纵桥向相对位移的影响规律。研究表明,行波效应对大跨双层斜拉桥地震响应的影响对地震波特性以及视波速具有一定的依赖性,因此选定合适的地震波与确定合理的视波速范围尤为重要。
The influence of traveling wave on the seismic response of long-span double-deck cable-stayed bridge, especially taking into account the web members between decks, has not been studied thoroughly. Shanghai Minpu Bridge, which is the longest double-deck long-span cable-stayed highway bridge, is taken as an example to study the traveling wave on the seismic response in this paper. Finite element model with beam and shell element is established, in which the web members between decks are also modeled. Initial equilibrium configuration for the bridge is acquired through nonlinear static analysis. The modal analysis and geometric nonlinear dynamic analysis are carried out based on the initial equilibrium configuration to get the dynamic characters and seismic responses respectively. The influence of traveling wave on the seismic response is demonstrated by three groups of earthquake motions with different apparent wave velocities. The effect of apparent wave velocities on the seismic response of tower, subsidiary piers and the relative displacement between tower and girder and between subsidiary piers and girder are discussed in detail. It is concluded that the seismic responses of double-deck long-span cable-stayed bridges depend heavily on the apparent wave velocities and the earthquake motions inputted. Therefore the selection of appropriate earthquake motions and the determination of reasonable apparent wave velocities are of much importance to seismic response of bridges.
The influence of traveling wave on the seismic response of long-span double-deck cable-stayed bridge, especially taking into account the web members between decks, has not been studied thoroughly. Shanghai Minpu Bridge, which is the longest double-deck long-span cable-stayed highway bridge, is taken as an example to study the traveling wave on the seismic response in this paper. Finite element model with beam and shell element is established, in which the web members between decks are also modeled. Initial equilibrium configuration for the bridge is acquired through nonlinear static analysis. The modal analysis and geometric nonlinear dynamic analysis are carried out based on the initial equilibrium configuration to get the dynamic characters and seismic responses respectively. The influence of traveling wave on the seismic response is demonstrated by three groups of earthquake motions with different apparent wave velocities. The effect of apparent wave velocities on the seismic response of tower, subsidiary piers and the relative displacement between tower and girder and between subsidiary piers and girder are discussed in detail. It is concluded that the seismic responses of double-deck long-span cable-stayed bridges depend heavily on the apparent wave velocities and the earthquake motions inputted. Therefore the selection of appropriate earthquake motions and the determination of reasonable apparent wave velocities are of much importance to seismic response of bridges.
引文
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[12]周国良,李小军,刘必灯,等.大质量法在多点激励分析中的应用、误差分析与改进[J].工程力学,2011,28(1):48-54.Zhou Guoliang,Li Xiaojun,Liu Bideng,et al.Erroranalysis and improvements of large mass method usedin multi-support seismic excitation analysis[J].Engineering Mechanics,2011,28(1):48-54.(inChinese)
[13]Abdel-Ghaffar A M,Nazmy A S.3-D nonlinearseismic behavior of cable-stayed bridges[J].Journalof Structural Engineering,1991,117(11):3456-3476.
[2]Aspasia Z,Vassilios Z.Spatial variation of seismicground motions:an overview[J].Applied MechanicsReviews,2002,55(3):271-297.
[3]何庆祥,沈祖炎.结构地震行波效应分析综述[J].地震工程与工程振动,2009,29(1):50-57.He Qingxiang,Shen Zuyan.Review of structuralseismic analysis of traveling wave effects[J].Journalof Earthquake Engineering and EngineeringVibration,2009,29(1):50-57.(in Chinese)
[4]潘旦光,楼梦麟,范立础.多点输入下大跨度结构地震反应分析研究现状[J].同济大学学报,2001,29(10):1213-1219.Pan Danguang,Lou Menglin,Fan Lichu.Status ofseismic response analysis of long-span structuresunder multiple support excitations[J].Journal ofTongji University,2001,29(10):1213-1219.(inChinese)
[5]范立础,王君杰,陈玮.非一致地震激励下大跨度斜拉桥的响应特征[J].计算力学学报,2001,18(3):358-363.Fan Lichu,Wang Junjie,Chen Wei.Responsecharacteristics of long-span cable-stayed bridges undernon-uniform seismic action[J].Chinese Journal ofComputational Mechanics,2001,18(3):358-363.(inChinese)
[6]Wang J,Carr A J,Cooke N,et al.The response ofa 344m long bridge to non-uniform earthquake groundmotions[J].Engineering Structures,2009,31(11):2554-2567.
[7]Atesa S,Bayraktarb A,Dumanogluc A A.The effectof spatially varying earthquake ground motions on thestochastic response of bridges isolated with frictionpendulum systems[J].Soil Dynamics and EarthquakeEngineering,2006,26(1):31-44.
[8]林家浩,张亚辉.随机振动的虚拟激励法[M].北京:科学出版社,2004:145-147.
[9]Wilson J C.Repair of new long-span bridges damagedby the 1995 kobe earthquake[J].Journal ofPerformance of Constructed Facilities,2003,17(4):196-205.
[10]Clough R W,Penzien J.Dynamics of structures[M].3rd Edition.New York:Computers and StructuresInc,2004:679-682.
[11]柳国环,李宏男,林海.结构地震响应计算模型的比较与分析[J].工程力学,2009,26(2):10-15.Liu Guohuan,Li Hongnan,Lin Hai.Comparison andevaluation of models for structural seismic responsesanalysis[J].Engineering Mechanics,2009,26(2):10-15.(in Chinese)
[12]周国良,李小军,刘必灯,等.大质量法在多点激励分析中的应用、误差分析与改进[J].工程力学,2011,28(1):48-54.Zhou Guoliang,Li Xiaojun,Liu Bideng,et al.Erroranalysis and improvements of large mass method usedin multi-support seismic excitation analysis[J].Engineering Mechanics,2011,28(1):48-54.(inChinese)
[13]Abdel-Ghaffar A M,Nazmy A S.3-D nonlinearseismic behavior of cable-stayed bridges[J].Journalof Structural Engineering,1991,117(11):3456-3476.
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