隧道反射地震法超前探测研究
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摘要
隧道施工地质超前预报是在地下工程施工过程中,采用一些方法或手段预测掌子面前方一定范围内存在的不良地质体或地质界面的位置、性质和规模,为安全、快捷、持续施工采取防范措施提供可靠的依据。本文在详述隧道反射地震法超前探测原理的基础上,分析地下全空间情况下,震源与接收点之间的地震波场运动关系,讨论观测系统的优化设计方案,较全面地总结隧道反射地震法超前预报时距曲线规律。同时开发一套隧道反射地震法超前探测数据处理系统(TRSP1.0),该系统涵盖波形处理、正演模拟、成像处理和岩石动力学参数提取等功能模块,给出合理的处理流程。通过理论模型和实际数据测试验证,取得较理想的效果。
The leading seismic predication for tunnels is to predict by some means or methods the locations,characters and scales of unfavorable geological bodies or their boundaries in underground engineering construction and so to previde reliable basis for countermeasures to guarantee safe,quick and continous construction.This paper discusses the basic principles of the leading tunnel reflection seismic predication(TRSP),analyzes the characters of wave propagation,studies the optimum geometry system and summarizes the time-distance relations law of TRSP.A special data processing system named TRSP1.0 was developed,which includes function modules for wave form processing,forward numerical modeling targets imaging and extracting of lithologic parameters.Synthetic and real data have testified that good results may be acquired with this TRSP1.0.
The leading seismic predication for tunnels is to predict by some means or methods the locations,characters and scales of unfavorable geological bodies or their boundaries in underground engineering construction and so to previde reliable basis for countermeasures to guarantee safe,quick and continous construction.This paper discusses the basic principles of the leading tunnel reflection seismic predication(TRSP),analyzes the characters of wave propagation,studies the optimum geometry system and summarizes the time-distance relations law of TRSP.A special data processing system named TRSP1.0 was developed,which includes function modules for wave form processing,forward numerical modeling targets imaging and extracting of lithologic parameters.Synthetic and real data have testified that good results may be acquired with this TRSP1.0.
引文
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[3]白恒恒,辛民高.浅谈长梁山隧道F5断层的地质超前预报[J].铁道工程学报,2000,(1):87-90.BAI Heng-heng,XIN Min-gao.Preli minary Talking aboutGeologic advance Forecast on F5Fault in ChangliangshanTunnel[J].Journal of Rail way Engineering Society,2000,(1):87-90.
[4]Amberg Measuring Technique Ltd.Operation Manual19.61[M].Kunming:Kunming Shape Regale Science andTechnology Ltd,2003.
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[6]刘志刚,刘秀峰.TSP(隧道地震勘探)在隧道隧洞超前预报中的应用与发展[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2003,22(8):1399-1402.LI U Zhi-gang,LI U Xiu-feng.TSP Application and Devel-opment intunnel lead Forecast[J].Chinese Journal of RockMechanics and Engineering,2003,22(8):1399-1402.
[7]沈鸿雁,冯宏,等.井巷掘进超前地震探测资料处理方法系统研制与开发[C]//地下工程中的地球物理探测技术研究.西安:西安地图出版社,2005:127-134.
[8]Yu Z R,Ashida,et al.Seismic I maging Ahead of TunnelFace with Three Component Geophones[C]//SEG.Ex-panded Abstract of the 72nd SEG Annual Meeting.SaltLake City:SEG,2002:5-2.
[9]Paul A.Hydrophone VSP I maging as A Shallow Sit[J].Geophysics,1997,62(3):842.
[10]沈鸿雁,李庆春,等.反射波法隧道地震超前探测中波场分离与成像技术研究[C]//中国地球物理年会2006.成都:四川科学技术出版社,2006:672-673.
[11]沈鸿雁.反射波法隧道地震超前预报研究[D].西安:长安大学,2006.
[12]朱光明.垂直地震剖面方法[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1988.
[13]王庆海,徐明才.抗干扰高分辨率浅层地震勘探[M].北京:地质出版社,1991.
[14]Richard O,Edward B,Helfried B,et al.The Applicationof TRT-True Reflection Tomography at the UnterwaldTunnel[J].Geophysics,2002,77(2):51-56.
[15]Gerd S,Bernbbard S,Felix A,et al.Predicting ahead ofthe face[J].Tunnels&Tunnelling,1996,28(4):24-30.
[16]Borm G,Giese R.Integrated Seismic I maging SystemforGeological Prediction Ahead in Underground Construction[C]//Proceedings-Rapid Excavation and Tunnelling Con-ference.San Diego,2001:263-271.
[2]何振起,李海,等.利用地震反射法进行隧道施工地质超前预报[J].铁道工程学报,2000,(4):81-85.HE Zhen-qi,LI Hai,et al.Geological Super-leading Fore-cast during Tunnel Construction by Utilizing Seismic Re-sponse Analysis Method[J].Journal of Rail way Engineer-ing Society,2000,(4):81-85.
[3]白恒恒,辛民高.浅谈长梁山隧道F5断层的地质超前预报[J].铁道工程学报,2000,(1):87-90.BAI Heng-heng,XIN Min-gao.Preli minary Talking aboutGeologic advance Forecast on F5Fault in ChangliangshanTunnel[J].Journal of Rail way Engineering Society,2000,(1):87-90.
[4]Amberg Measuring Technique Ltd.Operation Manual19.61[M].Kunming:Kunming Shape Regale Science andTechnology Ltd,2003.
[5]Amberg Measuring Technique Ltd.Software Manual 19.62[M].Kunming:Kunming Shape Regale Science and Tech-nology Ltd,2003.
[6]刘志刚,刘秀峰.TSP(隧道地震勘探)在隧道隧洞超前预报中的应用与发展[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2003,22(8):1399-1402.LI U Zhi-gang,LI U Xiu-feng.TSP Application and Devel-opment intunnel lead Forecast[J].Chinese Journal of RockMechanics and Engineering,2003,22(8):1399-1402.
[7]沈鸿雁,冯宏,等.井巷掘进超前地震探测资料处理方法系统研制与开发[C]//地下工程中的地球物理探测技术研究.西安:西安地图出版社,2005:127-134.
[8]Yu Z R,Ashida,et al.Seismic I maging Ahead of TunnelFace with Three Component Geophones[C]//SEG.Ex-panded Abstract of the 72nd SEG Annual Meeting.SaltLake City:SEG,2002:5-2.
[9]Paul A.Hydrophone VSP I maging as A Shallow Sit[J].Geophysics,1997,62(3):842.
[10]沈鸿雁,李庆春,等.反射波法隧道地震超前探测中波场分离与成像技术研究[C]//中国地球物理年会2006.成都:四川科学技术出版社,2006:672-673.
[11]沈鸿雁.反射波法隧道地震超前预报研究[D].西安:长安大学,2006.
[12]朱光明.垂直地震剖面方法[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1988.
[13]王庆海,徐明才.抗干扰高分辨率浅层地震勘探[M].北京:地质出版社,1991.
[14]Richard O,Edward B,Helfried B,et al.The Applicationof TRT-True Reflection Tomography at the UnterwaldTunnel[J].Geophysics,2002,77(2):51-56.
[15]Gerd S,Bernbbard S,Felix A,et al.Predicting ahead ofthe face[J].Tunnels&Tunnelling,1996,28(4):24-30.
[16]Borm G,Giese R.Integrated Seismic I maging SystemforGeological Prediction Ahead in Underground Construction[C]//Proceedings-Rapid Excavation and Tunnelling Con-ference.San Diego,2001:263-271.
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