深水高桩基础桥梁地震水动力效应分析
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摘要
针对我国深水桥梁建设中广泛采用大型群桩基础的现实情况,为满足深水桥梁抗震分析和抗震设计的需求,进行了深水高桩基础桥梁地震动水力效应的研究.将深水高桩基础的承台理想化为一个浸入水中的截断圆柱体,建立了截断圆柱体的地震动水压等效附加质量与等效附加阻尼矩阵的计算方法,提出了非圆柱体等效为圆柱体的近似处理方法.在频域建立了深水高桩基础桥梁考虑动水力效应的地震振动方程.运用所提出的方法完成了有限元程序编制,并对一座跨海峡大桥进行了地震反应计算.结果表明,地震动水力效应对深水高桩基础桥梁的地震反应有重要影响,因计算的反应量不同,可能使地震反应增大,也可能使地震反应减小,影响幅度可达20%以上.
To meet the seismic design demands of bridges in deep water in China,an investigation was made into the hydrodynamic effects on seismic response of bridges.The cap of group-pile foundation was idealized as a truncated cylinder at first,and theoretical solutions of the added mass matrix and the added damping matrix for the truncated cylinder were developed.Approximate methods were proposed to obtain the added mass matrix and the added damping matrix for the truncated prism with arbitrary section by modifying the ones for truncated cylinder.The seismic motion equation was developed for bridges with group-pile foundation in deep water in frequency domain,and a software was coded for the computation of seismic response of bridges in deep water.The seismic responses of a bridge were obtained by the proposed methods and the software.The results show that the hydrodynamic effects may increase or decrease the seismic response by a percentage of ±20%.
To meet the seismic design demands of bridges in deep water in China,an investigation was made into the hydrodynamic effects on seismic response of bridges.The cap of group-pile foundation was idealized as a truncated cylinder at first,and theoretical solutions of the added mass matrix and the added damping matrix for the truncated cylinder were developed.Approximate methods were proposed to obtain the added mass matrix and the added damping matrix for the truncated prism with arbitrary section by modifying the ones for truncated cylinder.The seismic motion equation was developed for bridges with group-pile foundation in deep water in frequency domain,and a software was coded for the computation of seismic response of bridges in deep water.The seismic responses of a bridge were obtained by the proposed methods and the software.The results show that the hydrodynamic effects may increase or decrease the seismic response by a percentage of ±20%.
引文
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[2]Byrd R C.A laboratory study of the fluid-structure interactionof submerged tanks and caissons in earthquakes[R].Berkeley:University of California,1978.
[3]Zhang S.The dynamic response of bridge pier under seismicaction[J].J of Bridge Construction,1998(2):52.
[4]郑史雄.深水桥墩考虑液固相互作用的地震反应分析[J].桥梁建设,1998(1):52.ZHENG Shixiong.The effects of the fluid structure interactionseismic response of bridge piers[J].Bridge Construction,1998(1):52.
[5]赖伟.地震和波浪作用下深水桥梁的动力响应研究[D].上海:同济大学土木工程学院,2004.LAI Wei.Study on dynamic response of deep-water brdigesunder earthquake and wave[D].Shanghai:Tongji University.College of Civil Engineering,2004.
[6]赖伟,王君杰,胡世德.桩基础承台水平附加质量分析[J].同济大学学报:自然科学版,2004,32(10):1339.LAI Wei,WANG Junjie,HU Shide.Analysis of horizontal addedmass on pile cap[J].Journal of Tongji University(NaturalScience),2004,32(10):1339.
[7]赖伟,王君杰,胡世德.地震下桥墩动水压力分析[J].同济大学学报:自然科学版,2004,32(1):1.LAI Wei,WANG Junjie,HU Shide.Earthquake inducedhydrodynamic pressure on bnridge pier[J].Journal of TongjiUniversity:Natural Science,2004,32(1):1.
[8]袁迎春,赖伟,王君杰,等.Morison方程中动水阻力项对桥梁桩柱地震反应的影响[J].世界地震工程,2005,21(4):88.YUAN Yingchun,LAI Wei,WANG Junjie,et al.The effects ofhydrodynamic damping on seismic response of bridge piles[J].World Information on Earthquake Engineering,2005,21(4):88.
[9]赖伟,王君杰,韦晓,等.桥墩地震动水效应的水下振动台试验研究[J].地震工程与工程振动,2006,26(15):164.LAI Wei,WANG Junjie,WEI Xiao,et al.The shaking table testfor submerged bridge pier[J].Earthquake Engineering andEngineering Vibration,2006,26(15):164.
[10]张海龙,张鹏,黄鹏.深水桥梁结构的地震反应分析[J].公路交通科技,2007,24(9):83.ZHANG Hailong,ZHANG Peng,HUANG Peng.Earthquakeresponse of deep water bridge structure[J].Journal of Highwayand Transportation Research and Development,2007,24(9):83.
[11]朱唏,高学奎.桥梁抗震分析中动水压力的计算[J].中国铁道科学,2007,28(3):45.ZHU Xi,GAO Xuekui.Calculation of hydrodynamic pressure inthe seismic design of bridge[J].China Railway Science,2007,28(3):45.
[12]竺艳蓉.海洋工程波浪力学[M].天津:天津大学出版社,1991.ZHU Yanrong.Wave mechanics for ocean engineering[M].Tianjin:Tianjin University Press,1991.
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