连续斜交梁桥地震下碰撞效应分析
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摘要
从连续斜交梁桥震后普遍的落梁震害和平面旋转现象出发,提出一种带碰撞单元并考虑竖向、水平及扭转刚度的单梁简化模型。以一座3 m×30 m连续斜交梁桥为工程背景,通过动力特性分析和地震下考虑碰撞效应的非线性时程分析,将简化模型的计算结果与精细化板单元有限元模型的结果进行对比。研究结果表明:该简化模型不仅能较准确地计算结构的动力特性,还能较准确计算斜交梁桥在碰撞下的非线性位移,反应碰撞后桥面的平面旋转现象;碰撞刚度在一定范围内对非线性位移不敏感,可采用主梁轴向刚度为碰撞刚度,但梁端截面最外缘的碰撞单元对非线性位移较敏感,需保证在梁端截面最外缘处设置碰撞单元。
A seismic simplified model of a 3-span bridge with the skew angle of 60° was established using the pounding elements and a single girder considering its vertical,horizontal and torsional stiffness.By employing modal analysis and nonlinear time-history analysis during earthquake,the comparison is made between the results of the simplified model and a detailed model with plate elements.The results show that the simplified model can accurately calculate the structure dynamic properties,revealing the correct nonlinear displacements and deck rotation because of the pounding effect.The stiffness of pounding element is insensible to the girder displacements,and the axial stiffness of the girder can be used as the pounding stiffness.But the arrangement of pounding elements at the outmost point of the beam-end section is sensible to the nonlinear displacements which must be applied in the analysis model.
A seismic simplified model of a 3-span bridge with the skew angle of 60° was established using the pounding elements and a single girder considering its vertical,horizontal and torsional stiffness.By employing modal analysis and nonlinear time-history analysis during earthquake,the comparison is made between the results of the simplified model and a detailed model with plate elements.The results show that the simplified model can accurately calculate the structure dynamic properties,revealing the correct nonlinear displacements and deck rotation because of the pounding effect.The stiffness of pounding element is insensible to the girder displacements,and the axial stiffness of the girder can be used as the pounding stiffness.But the arrangement of pounding elements at the outmost point of the beam-end section is sensible to the nonlinear displacements which must be applied in the analysis model.
引文
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[4]Maleki S.斜角板梁桥地震分析的桥面板建模方法[J].工程结构,2002,24(10):1315-1326.Maleki S.Deck modeling for seismic analysis of skewed slab-girder bridges[J].Engineering Structures,2002,24(10):1315-1326.
[5]卓秋林.公路简支斜梁桥地震反应分析[D].福州:福州大学土木工程学院,2004:5-30.ZHUO Qiu-lin.Seismic response analysis of simple-supported skew highway girder bridges[D].Fuzhou:Fuzhou University.Civil Engineering School,2004:5-30.
[6]Meng J Y,Lui E M.S一座高速公路斜交桥的地震分析和评估[J].工程结构,2000,22(11):1433-1452.Meng J Y,Lui E M.Seismic analysis and assessment of a skew highway bridge[J].Engineering Structures,2000,22(11):1433-1452.
[7]Meng J Y,Lui E M.高速公路斜交桥动力分析的精细化梁单元模型[J].桥梁工程期刊,2002,7(3):184-194.Meng J Y,Lui E M.Refined stick model for dynamic analysis of skew highway bridges[J].Journal of Bridge Engineering,2002,7(3):184-194.
[8]Kelley J D.一座大斜交角多跨桥梁的三维有限元建模技术分析和地震反应分析[D].费城:德雷萨尔大学工程学院,2005:1-20.Kelley J D.Three dimensional finite element modeling techniques and their effect on the seismic response of a highly skewed multi-span bridge[D].Philadelphia:Drexel University.College of Engineering,2005:1-20.
[9]何健,叶爱君.连续斜交梁桥的地震反应分析[C]//李生才.安全科学与技术进展(第八册),北京:科学出版社,2010:1756-1761.HE Jian,YE Ai-jun,Investigation on seismic response of continuous skew bridges[C]//LI Sheng-cai.Progress in Safety Science and Technology(vol.VШ),Beijing:Science Press,2010:1756-1761.
[10]Maleki S,Bisadi V.斜交桥的正交效应分析[J].桥梁工程,2006,11(1):122-130.Maleki S,Bisadi V.Orthogonal effects in seismic analysis of skewed bridges[J].Journal of Bridge Engineering,2006,11(1):122-130.
[2]庄卫林,刘振宇,蒋劲松.汶川大地震公路桥梁震害分析及对策[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2009,28(7):1377-1378.ZHUANG Wei-lin,LIU Zhen-yu,JIANG Jin-song.Earthquake-induced damage analysis of high way bridges in Wenchuan earthquake and countermeasures[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2009,28(7):1377-1378.
[3]李亚东,强士中.震后灾区桥梁初步考察与评估[J].桥梁建设,2009(5):68-73.LI Ya-dong,QIANG Shi-zhong.Preliminary inspection and evaluation of bridges in earthquake-stricken areas[J].Bridge Construction,2009(5):68-73.
[4]Maleki S.斜角板梁桥地震分析的桥面板建模方法[J].工程结构,2002,24(10):1315-1326.Maleki S.Deck modeling for seismic analysis of skewed slab-girder bridges[J].Engineering Structures,2002,24(10):1315-1326.
[5]卓秋林.公路简支斜梁桥地震反应分析[D].福州:福州大学土木工程学院,2004:5-30.ZHUO Qiu-lin.Seismic response analysis of simple-supported skew highway girder bridges[D].Fuzhou:Fuzhou University.Civil Engineering School,2004:5-30.
[6]Meng J Y,Lui E M.S一座高速公路斜交桥的地震分析和评估[J].工程结构,2000,22(11):1433-1452.Meng J Y,Lui E M.Seismic analysis and assessment of a skew highway bridge[J].Engineering Structures,2000,22(11):1433-1452.
[7]Meng J Y,Lui E M.高速公路斜交桥动力分析的精细化梁单元模型[J].桥梁工程期刊,2002,7(3):184-194.Meng J Y,Lui E M.Refined stick model for dynamic analysis of skew highway bridges[J].Journal of Bridge Engineering,2002,7(3):184-194.
[8]Kelley J D.一座大斜交角多跨桥梁的三维有限元建模技术分析和地震反应分析[D].费城:德雷萨尔大学工程学院,2005:1-20.Kelley J D.Three dimensional finite element modeling techniques and their effect on the seismic response of a highly skewed multi-span bridge[D].Philadelphia:Drexel University.College of Engineering,2005:1-20.
[9]何健,叶爱君.连续斜交梁桥的地震反应分析[C]//李生才.安全科学与技术进展(第八册),北京:科学出版社,2010:1756-1761.HE Jian,YE Ai-jun,Investigation on seismic response of continuous skew bridges[C]//LI Sheng-cai.Progress in Safety Science and Technology(vol.VШ),Beijing:Science Press,2010:1756-1761.
[10]Maleki S,Bisadi V.斜交桥的正交效应分析[J].桥梁工程,2006,11(1):122-130.Maleki S,Bisadi V.Orthogonal effects in seismic analysis of skewed bridges[J].Journal of Bridge Engineering,2006,11(1):122-130.
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