地震激励下高速列车动态响应与运行安全边界研究
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摘要
为研究地震对高速列车动态响应与运行安全的影响,建立地震激励下车辆-轨道耦合动力学模型,地震波被简化为周期性的横向正弦波加入车辆轨道仿真模型中。基于仿真计算,对地震作用下高速列车的动态响应、脱轨机理及运行安全边界进行详细地分析和讨论,给出地震下高速列车安全运行及脱轨边界。分析结果表明:地震所引起的轨道结构大幅横向振动对高速列车的安全运行影响极大;横向地震波激励下,车轮与钢轨频繁地发生分离、车轮的大幅度抬升和车辆激烈的横向滚摆运动是造成高速列车脱轨的主要原因。
In order to investigate the dynamic responses and running safety boundary of high-speed trains under seismic motions,the vehicle-track coupled dynamic model under earthquake excitation was established,and the earthquake motions were simplified into cyclic lateral sine waves as the boundary input of the vehicle-track coupled model.The detailed numerical simulation was made to investigate into the derailment mechanism,operation safety limits and dynamic behaviour of high-speed trains subjected to earthquake excitation,and the safety operation area,derailment area and warning area of the high-speed trains under earthquakes,and their boundaries were found.From numerical analysis are drawn the following results: The earthquake-excited lateral vibrations of the track structure with a large margin have extremely great influence on safe running of high-speed trains;under the excitation of lateral earthquake waves,the main causes of high-speed train derailment are frequent wheel-rail separations and fierce wheel-rail impacts,substantial wheel lift above rail and intense lateral rocking movements of vehicles.
In order to investigate the dynamic responses and running safety boundary of high-speed trains under seismic motions,the vehicle-track coupled dynamic model under earthquake excitation was established,and the earthquake motions were simplified into cyclic lateral sine waves as the boundary input of the vehicle-track coupled model.The detailed numerical simulation was made to investigate into the derailment mechanism,operation safety limits and dynamic behaviour of high-speed trains subjected to earthquake excitation,and the safety operation area,derailment area and warning area of the high-speed trains under earthquakes,and their boundaries were found.From numerical analysis are drawn the following results: The earthquake-excited lateral vibrations of the track structure with a large margin have extremely great influence on safe running of high-speed trains;under the excitation of lateral earthquake waves,the main causes of high-speed train derailment are frequent wheel-rail separations and fierce wheel-rail impacts,substantial wheel lift above rail and intense lateral rocking movements of vehicles.
引文
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[17]MIYAMOTO M.Mechanism of Derailment Phenomena ofRailway Vehicles[J].QR of RTRI,1996,37(3):147-155.
[18]中华人民共和国国家质量监督检验检疫总局,中国国家标准化管理委员会.GB/T17742-2008中国地震烈度表[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2008.
[2]NISHIMURA K,TERUMICHI Y,MORIMURA T.De-velopment of Vehicle Dynamics Simulation for Safety Ana-lyses of Rail Vehicles on Excited Tracks[J].Journal ofComputational and Nonlinear Dynamics,2009,48(3):129-135.
[3]MIYAMOTO T,ISHIDA H,MATSUO M.Running Safe-ty of Railway Vehicle as Earthquake Occurs[J].QR ofRTRI,1997,38(3):117-122.
[4]NISHIMURA K,TERUMICHI Y,MORIMURA T,et al.Experimental Study on the Vehicle Safety by EarthquakeTrack Excitation with 1/10Scale Vehicle and Roller Rig[J].Journal of System Design and Dynamics,2010,4(1):226-237.
[5]TANABE M,MATSUMOTO N,WAKUI H.A Simpleand Efficient Numerical Method for Dynamic Interaction A-nalysis of a High-speed Train and Railway Structure Dur-ing an Earthquake[J].Transactions of the ASME:Journalof Computational and Nonlinear Dynamics,2008,3(2):1-8.
[6]XIAO Xin-biao,LING Liang,JIN Xue-song.A Study ofthe Derailment Mechanism of a High Speed Train Due toan Earthquake[J].Vehicle System Dynamic,2012,50(3):449-470.
[7]YANG Y,WU Y.Dynamic Stability of Trains Moving overBridges Shaken by Earthquakes[J].Journal of Sound andVibration,2002,258(1):65-94.
[8]YAU J,FRYBA L.Response of Suspended Beams Due toMoving Loads and Vertical Seismic Ground Excitations[J].Engineering Structures,2007,29(12):3255-3262.
[9]XIA H,HAN Y,ZHANG N,et al.Dynamic Analysis ofTrain-bridge System Subjected to Non-uniform Seismic Ex-citations[J].Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dy-namics,2009,35(12):1563-1579.
[10]XIAO X,WEN Z,JIN X,et al.Effects of Track SupportFailures on Dynamic Response of High Speed Tracks[J].International Journal of Nonlinear Sciences and NumericalSimulation,2007,8(4):615-630.
[11]翟婉明.车辆-轨道耦合动力学[M].3版.北京:科学出版社,2007.
[12]SHEN Z Y,HEDRICK J K,ELKINS J A.A Compari-son of Alternative Creep-force Models for Rail Vehicle Dy-namic Analysis[C]//Proceedings of the Eighth IAVSDSymposium,1984:591-605.
[13]肖新标,金学松,温泽峰.轨下支承失效对车辆系统动态响应及乘坐舒适度的影响[J].铁道学报,2007,29(6):25-33.XIAO Xin-biao,JIN Xue-song,WEN Ze-feng.Effect ofTrack Support Failure on Dynamic Responses and RidingComfort of Vehicle System[J].Journal of the China Rail-way Society,2007,29(6):25-33.
[14]金学松,凌亮,肖新标,等.复杂环境下高速列车动态行为数值仿真和运行安全域分析[J].计算机辅助工程,2011,20(3):29-41.JIN Xue-song,LING Liang,XIAO Xin-biao,et al.Dy-namic Behaviour Numerical Simulation and Safety Bounda-ry for High Speed Trains in Severe Environments[J].Computer Aided Engineering,2011,20(3):29-41.
[15]曾庆元,向俊,周智辉,等.列车脱轨分析理论与应用[M].长沙:中南大学出版社,2000.
[16]XIAO X,JIN X,DENG Y,et al.Effect of Curved TrackSupport Failure on Vehicle Derailment[J].Vehicle Sys-tem Dynamics,2008,46(11):1029-1059.
[17]MIYAMOTO M.Mechanism of Derailment Phenomena ofRailway Vehicles[J].QR of RTRI,1996,37(3):147-155.
[18]中华人民共和国国家质量监督检验检疫总局,中国国家标准化管理委员会.GB/T17742-2008中国地震烈度表[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2008.
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