地震作用下海冰与桥墩的间距对桥墩动力响应的影响研究
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摘要
位于冰水海域的桥墩,在波浪力作用下,桥墩结构与周围海冰往往出现间隙,地震作用下海冰与结构的动力相互作用呈现复杂多样化。本文在弹性力学中的弹性波传播理论及结构动力学的基础上,考虑不同的海冰与桥墩间距,建立了地震作用下桥墩、冰与水体的流固耦合动力方程。并以一矩形桥墩为研究对象,研究了地震作用下,海冰与桥墩的间距对矩形桥墩结构的动力响应及动水压力的影响。研究表明:地震作用下,海冰与桥墩间距对桥墩顶部的最大位移和最大加速度响应的影响不显著,但是对桥墩侧面动水压力和墩底内力影响较大;当海冰与桥墩存在间距且小于1倍结构尺寸时,墩底的弯矩和剪力达到最大值。
In icy waters,there are always distances between sea ice and structures due to the wave forces,and the seismic dynamic interaction of sea ice and structures is complicated.On the basis of elastic wave propagation theory and structural dynamics,the paper establishes the fluid-structure coupling dynamic equations of sea ice,water and piers with different distances between sea ice and structures.This paper takes a rectangular pier as an object of study,analyzes the effects of distance between sea ice and the pier on the seismic dynamic responses of the rectangular pier and hydrodynamic pressure.The results show that the distance between sea ice and the pier has little effect on the displacement responses and acceleration responses of the top pier under earthquake,but greatly influence the hydrodynamic pressures and inner forces of the bottom pier.The flexural moments and shear forces achieve the maximum when the distance between sea ice and pier exists and is less than the structure size.
In icy waters,there are always distances between sea ice and structures due to the wave forces,and the seismic dynamic interaction of sea ice and structures is complicated.On the basis of elastic wave propagation theory and structural dynamics,the paper establishes the fluid-structure coupling dynamic equations of sea ice,water and piers with different distances between sea ice and structures.This paper takes a rectangular pier as an object of study,analyzes the effects of distance between sea ice and the pier on the seismic dynamic responses of the rectangular pier and hydrodynamic pressure.The results show that the distance between sea ice and the pier has little effect on the displacement responses and acceleration responses of the top pier under earthquake,but greatly influence the hydrodynamic pressures and inner forces of the bottom pier.The flexural moments and shear forces achieve the maximum when the distance between sea ice and pier exists and is less than the structure size.
引文
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[7]加賀美隆明,佐藤貢一,八島信良,等.氷海域における構造物の地震応答性状に関する研究:その20.氷盤と円錐形構造物の動的相互作用[C].日本建築学会大会学術講演梗概集.東京:日本建築学会,2000:297―298.KASGASMI Takaaki,SATO Koichi,YASHIMA Nobuyoshi,et al.Earthquake response characteristics of offshore structures surrounded by ice floes:Part 20 dynamic interaction between ice floes and a conical offshore structure[C].Summaries of technical papers of Annual Meeting Architectural Institute of Japan.Tokyo:Architectural Institute of Japan,2000:297―298.(in Japanese)
[8]五十嵐康仁,佐藤貢一,中西三和等.氷海域における構造物の地震応答性状に関する研究:その23デッキ部分の回転慣性を考慮した構造物の地震応答性状[C].日本建築学会大会学術講演梗概集.東京:日本建築学会,2002:341―342.IGARASHI Yasuhito,SATO Koichi,NAKANISHI Mitsukazu,et al.Study on earthquake response characteristics of offshore structures surrounded by ice floes:Part 23 earthquake response of structure influenced by rotation of deck part[C].Summaries of technical papers of Annual Meeting Architectural Institute of Japan.Tokyo:Architectural Institute of Japan,2002:341―342.(in Japanese)
[9]贾玲玲.波浪力对深水桥墩结构在地震和冰荷载作用下的响应影响分析[J].震灾防御技术,2010,5(2):263―268.Jia Lingling.Seismic and ice response analysis of bridge pier in deep water with the wave effect[J].Technology for Earthquake Disaster Prevention,2010,5(2):263―268.(in Chinese)
[10]董汝博,李昕,周晶.考虑流固耦合的海洋储油罐平台地震反应分析[J].船舶力学,2010,14(8):887―893.Dong Rubo,Li Xin,Zhou Jing.Seismic analysis of offshore platform with oil storage tank including fluid-structure interaction[J].Journal of Ship Mechanics,2010,14(8):887―893.(in Chinese)
[11]练章华.现代CAE技术与应用教程[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2004:204―207.Lian Zhanghua.Modern technology of CAE and application tutorial[M].Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press,2004:204―207.(in Chinese)
[12]周明芳,张延庆.弹性结构与晃动液体耦合系统的动力特性分析[J].中国石油大学学报(自然科学版),2009,33(5):114―118.Zhou Mingfang,Zhang Yanqing.Dynamic characteristic analysis of elastic fluid-filled tank considering liquid sloshing[J].Journal of China University of Petroleum(Edition of Natural Science),2009,33(5):114―118.(in Chinese)
[2]Neil C R.Dynamic ice forces on piers and piles:Anassessment of design guidelines in the light of recentresearch[J].Canada Journal of Civil Engineering,1976,3:305―341.
[3]Timco G W,Nwogua O G,Christensenb F T.Compliantmodel tests with the Great Belt West Bridge piers in icepart I:Test methods and key results[J].Cold RegionsScience and Technology,1995,23(2):149―164.
[4]岳前进,郭峰玮,毕祥军,许宁.冰致自激振动测量与机理解释[J].大连理工大学学报,2007,47(1):1―5.Yue Qianjin,Guo Fengwei,Bi Xiangjun,Xu Ning.Measurement and explanation for its mechanism ofice-induced self-excited vibration[J].Journal of DalianUniversity of Technology,2007,47(1):1―5.(inChinese)
[5]李志军,董吉武,芦志强,等.海冰对圆台结构的作用力及结构相互遮蔽关系[J].冰川冻土,2008,30(3):514―519.Li Zhijun,Dong Jiwu,Lu Zhiqiang,et al.Ice forces on conical structures and shielding relation between conical structures[J].Journal of Glaciology and Geocryology,2008,30(3):514―519.(in Chinese)
[6]佐藤貢一,中西三和,安達洋.氷海域と海洋構造物の地震における動的相互作用に関する研究:その21円錐形構造物の修正復元力モデルによる地震応答解析[C].日本建築学会大会学術講演梗概集.東京:日本建築学会,2001:265―266.SATO Kouichi,NAKANISHI Mitsukazu,ADACHI Hiroshi.Earthquake response characteristics of offshore structures surrounded by ice floes:Part 21 earthquake response analysis on modify hysteretic curve of the conical offshore structure[C].Summaries of technical papers of Annual Meeting Architectural Institute of Japan.Tokyo:Architectural Institute of Japan,2001:265―266.(in Japanese)
[7]加賀美隆明,佐藤貢一,八島信良,等.氷海域における構造物の地震応答性状に関する研究:その20.氷盤と円錐形構造物の動的相互作用[C].日本建築学会大会学術講演梗概集.東京:日本建築学会,2000:297―298.KASGASMI Takaaki,SATO Koichi,YASHIMA Nobuyoshi,et al.Earthquake response characteristics of offshore structures surrounded by ice floes:Part 20 dynamic interaction between ice floes and a conical offshore structure[C].Summaries of technical papers of Annual Meeting Architectural Institute of Japan.Tokyo:Architectural Institute of Japan,2000:297―298.(in Japanese)
[8]五十嵐康仁,佐藤貢一,中西三和等.氷海域における構造物の地震応答性状に関する研究:その23デッキ部分の回転慣性を考慮した構造物の地震応答性状[C].日本建築学会大会学術講演梗概集.東京:日本建築学会,2002:341―342.IGARASHI Yasuhito,SATO Koichi,NAKANISHI Mitsukazu,et al.Study on earthquake response characteristics of offshore structures surrounded by ice floes:Part 23 earthquake response of structure influenced by rotation of deck part[C].Summaries of technical papers of Annual Meeting Architectural Institute of Japan.Tokyo:Architectural Institute of Japan,2002:341―342.(in Japanese)
[9]贾玲玲.波浪力对深水桥墩结构在地震和冰荷载作用下的响应影响分析[J].震灾防御技术,2010,5(2):263―268.Jia Lingling.Seismic and ice response analysis of bridge pier in deep water with the wave effect[J].Technology for Earthquake Disaster Prevention,2010,5(2):263―268.(in Chinese)
[10]董汝博,李昕,周晶.考虑流固耦合的海洋储油罐平台地震反应分析[J].船舶力学,2010,14(8):887―893.Dong Rubo,Li Xin,Zhou Jing.Seismic analysis of offshore platform with oil storage tank including fluid-structure interaction[J].Journal of Ship Mechanics,2010,14(8):887―893.(in Chinese)
[11]练章华.现代CAE技术与应用教程[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2004:204―207.Lian Zhanghua.Modern technology of CAE and application tutorial[M].Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press,2004:204―207.(in Chinese)
[12]周明芳,张延庆.弹性结构与晃动液体耦合系统的动力特性分析[J].中国石油大学学报(自然科学版),2009,33(5):114―118.Zhou Mingfang,Zhang Yanqing.Dynamic characteristic analysis of elastic fluid-filled tank considering liquid sloshing[J].Journal of China University of Petroleum(Edition of Natural Science),2009,33(5):114―118.(in Chinese)
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