东日本大地震中抗震加固后的公路桥的震害特点
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摘要
研究抗震加固后的桥梁在实际地震作用下的震害特点对改进和完善抗震加固方法有着重要意义。通过分析日本东北部主要国道上400余座抗震加固后的公路桥在东日本大地震中的震害情况,总结抗震加固后的桥梁的震害特点。分析结果显示,约9%的桥梁有不同程度上的结构破坏,大部分破坏发生在支座、限位装置、阻尼器与上下部结构的连接位置。在对结构局部进行抗震加固的同时,在结构的其他位置可能会造成新的相对薄弱部位。分析结果也显示抗震加固后的桥梁另外一个震害特点是局部加固后的构件在其未加固部位发生破坏。基于分析结果,在桥梁的抗震加固设计上给出了一些建议。具体地介绍3座桥的震害情况。通过比较加固和未加固的桥梁震害情况,检验了实际地震作用下桥梁的抗震加固效果。
Studying seismic damage of retrofitted bridges is useful for improving seismic retrofit method. Characteristics of damage of retrofitted bridges were understood by macro analysis on damage condition induced by the 2011 Great East Japan Earthquake for over 400 retrofitted highway bridges on main national highway in the northeast of Japan. Analytical results show that about 9% of the bridges have some degree of damage on structure. Most of the damage occurred on bearing,shear key and the joint of damper and substructure or superstructure. New relative weak point will be formed on a structure member when it is retrofitted partially. It was noted that damage on the unretrofitted part of a partially retrofitted structure member was a typical damage pattern of the retrofitted bridges. Advices on seismic retrofit design for bridges were provided based on the analytical results. Futhermore,the damage conditions of three bridges were described in details. Effectiveness of seismic retrofit was confirmed by comparing the damage conditions of a retrofitted bridge and an unretrofitted bridge.
Studying seismic damage of retrofitted bridges is useful for improving seismic retrofit method. Characteristics of damage of retrofitted bridges were understood by macro analysis on damage condition induced by the 2011 Great East Japan Earthquake for over 400 retrofitted highway bridges on main national highway in the northeast of Japan. Analytical results show that about 9% of the bridges have some degree of damage on structure. Most of the damage occurred on bearing,shear key and the joint of damper and substructure or superstructure. New relative weak point will be formed on a structure member when it is retrofitted partially. It was noted that damage on the unretrofitted part of a partially retrofitted structure member was a typical damage pattern of the retrofitted bridges. Advices on seismic retrofit design for bridges were provided based on the analytical results. Futhermore,the damage conditions of three bridges were described in details. Effectiveness of seismic retrofit was confirmed by comparing the damage conditions of a retrofitted bridge and an unretrofitted bridge.
引文
[1]Kosa K.Damage analysis of bridges affected by tsunami due to great east japan earthquake[C]//Proceedings of the International Symposium on Engineering Lessons Learned from the 2011 Great East Japan Earthquake.Tokyo,Japan,2012
[2]National Institute for Land and Infrastructure Management,Public Works Research Institute.Quick report on damage to infrastructures by the 2011 off the Pacific coast of Tohoku earthquake,technical note of national institute for land and infrastructure management[R].Japan:Technical Note of Public Works Research Institute,2011(in Japanese)
[3]Kawashima K.Damage of bridges due to the 2011 Great East Japan Earthquake[C]//Proceedings of the International Symposium on Engineering Lessons Learned from the 2011 Great East Japan Earthquake.Tokyo,Japan,2012
[4]Hoshikuma J,Zhang G F,Sakai J.Seismic behavior of retrofit bridges during the 2011 Great East Japan Earthquake[C]//Proceedings of the International Symposium on Engineering Lessons Learned from the 2011Great East Japan Earthquake.Tokyo,Japan,2012
[5]星隈順一,張広鋒.東北地方太平洋沖地震における耐震補強がなされていた道路橋の概況について[C]//日本地震工学会·大会,2011
[6]Specifications for highway bridges[S].Japan:Japan Road Association,2002
[2]National Institute for Land and Infrastructure Management,Public Works Research Institute.Quick report on damage to infrastructures by the 2011 off the Pacific coast of Tohoku earthquake,technical note of national institute for land and infrastructure management[R].Japan:Technical Note of Public Works Research Institute,2011(in Japanese)
[3]Kawashima K.Damage of bridges due to the 2011 Great East Japan Earthquake[C]//Proceedings of the International Symposium on Engineering Lessons Learned from the 2011 Great East Japan Earthquake.Tokyo,Japan,2012
[4]Hoshikuma J,Zhang G F,Sakai J.Seismic behavior of retrofit bridges during the 2011 Great East Japan Earthquake[C]//Proceedings of the International Symposium on Engineering Lessons Learned from the 2011Great East Japan Earthquake.Tokyo,Japan,2012
[5]星隈順一,張広鋒.東北地方太平洋沖地震における耐震補強がなされていた道路橋の概況について[C]//日本地震工学会·大会,2011
[6]Specifications for highway bridges[S].Japan:Japan Road Association,2002
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