概率性地震需求分析中地震动强度指标的比较与选择
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摘要
以汶川地区典型钢筋混凝土简支梁桥为背景,在充分考虑模型参数不确定性的基础上建立一系列桥梁有限元模型样本。采用汶川地震实测地震动,对建立的有限元模型进行非线性动力时程分析,并记录每组分析中桥梁构件的地震峰值响应。采用主成分分析方法对桥梁构件的地震需求参数进行降维处理,计算桥梁结构综合地震需求响应。通过回归分析建立地震动强度与桥梁结构综合需求之间的概率性关系,并对不同地震动强度指标进行分析和比较。结果表明基于速度的地震动强度指标具有较好的有效性、适用性和完备性,可以进一步用于地震易损性分析和地震风险评估。
Based on a typically simply-supported girder bridge in Wenchuan,a set of finite element model samples of bridges were provided by considering the uncertainty of bridge parameters.Nonlinear dynamic transient analysis was preformed using the Wenchuan earthquake ground motion record,in which seismic peak responses of bridge components were included.The seismic demands of bridge components were analyzed by principal component method for reduction of dimensions,and the composite seismic demand of bridge system was obtained.By using the regression analysis method,a probabilistic relationship between the ground motion intensity and the composite seismic demand was established.On this basis,the different ground motion intensity measures were suggested and compared.The results show that the velocity-based ground motion intensity measures have preferable efficiency,proficiency and sufficiency,and could be used for the seismic vulnerability analysis and seismic risk assessment further.
Based on a typically simply-supported girder bridge in Wenchuan,a set of finite element model samples of bridges were provided by considering the uncertainty of bridge parameters.Nonlinear dynamic transient analysis was preformed using the Wenchuan earthquake ground motion record,in which seismic peak responses of bridge components were included.The seismic demands of bridge components were analyzed by principal component method for reduction of dimensions,and the composite seismic demand of bridge system was obtained.By using the regression analysis method,a probabilistic relationship between the ground motion intensity and the composite seismic demand was established.On this basis,the different ground motion intensity measures were suggested and compared.The results show that the velocity-based ground motion intensity measures have preferable efficiency,proficiency and sufficiency,and could be used for the seismic vulnerability analysis and seismic risk assessment further.
引文
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[3]Kramer S L,Mitchell R A.Ground motion intensity measures for liquefaction hazard evaluation[J].Earthquake Spectra,2006,22(413).
[4]Baker J W.Vector-valued ground motion intensity measures for probabilistic seismic demand analysis[D].Stanford University,2005.
[5]HAZUS-MH MR4 Earthquake model technical manual[M].Washington,D.C.:Federal Emergency Management Agency.2003.
[6]Mackie K,Stojadinovi E B.Seismic demands for performance-based design of bridges[R].Pacific Earthquake Engineering Research Center,2003.
[7]Padgett J E,Nielson B G,Desroches R.Selection of optimal intensity measures in probabilistic seismic demand models of highway bridge portfolios[J].Earthquake Engineering&Structural Dynamics,2008,37(5):711-725.
[8]王建民,朱晞.地面运动强度度量参数与双线性单自由度系统变形需求的相关性研究[J].地震学报,2006,1(10):76-86.WANG Jianmin,ZHU Xi.Correlation study between ground motion intensity measure parameters and deformation demands for bilinear SDOF sys-tems[J].Acta Seismologica Sinica,2006,1(10):76-86.(in Chinese)
[9]陈亮,李建中,盛光祖.考虑强地面运动持时的概率分布对桥梁结构概率地震需求的影响[J].公路交通科技,2009,2(7):47-52.CHEN Liang,LI Jianzhong,SHENG Guangzu.Influence of probability distribution of duration of earthquake strong-motions on probabilistic seismicdemand of bridge[J].Journal of Highway and Transportation Research and Development,2009,2(7):47-52.(in Chinese)
[10]陈亮,李建中.大跨径桥梁结构概率地震需求分析中地面运动强度参数的优化选择[J].振动与冲击,2011,10(7):91-97.CHEN Liang,LI Jianzhong.Optimal selection of ground motion intensity measures for probabilistic seismic demand analysis of long-span bridgestructures[J].Journal of Vibration and Shock,2011,10(7):91-97.(in Chinese)
[11]Cornell C A,Jalayer F,Hamburger R O,et al.Probabilistic basis for 2000 SAC Federal Emergency Management Agency steel moment frameguidelines[J].Journal of Structural Engineering-Asce,2002,128(4):526-533.
[12]Nielson B G.Analytical fragility curves for highway bridges in moderate seismic zones[D].Georgia Institute of Technology,2005.
[13]Luco N,Cornell C A.Structure-specific scalar intensity measures for near-source and ordinary earthquake ground motions[J].Earthquake Spec-tra,2007,23(357).
[14]Devore J L.Probability and Statistics for Engineering and the Sciences[M].Cengage Learning,2011.
[15]Mazzoni S,Mckenna F,Fenves G L.OpenSees command language manual[M].Pacific Earthquake Engineering Research Center,2005.
[16]Seismic Design Criteria Version 1.6[S].California Department of Transportation,2010.
[17]Ang A H,Tang W H.Probability concepts in engineering:Emphasis on applications to civil and environmental engineering[M].Hoboken,NJ:John Wiley&Sons,2007:245-305.
[18]Olsson A,Sandberg G,Dahlblom O.On Latin hypercube sampling for structural reliability analysis[J].Structural Safety,2003,25(1):47-68.
[19]Johnson R A,Wichern D W.Applied multivariate statistical analysis[M].Pearson Prentice Hall,2007.
[20]Kramer S L.Geotechnical earthquake engineering[M].Prentice Hall,1996.
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