“5·12”地震极重灾区-四川安县甘沟泥石流发育特征
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摘要
甘沟泥石流位于"5·12"大地震的极重灾区四川省安县,是一条新泥石流沟,震前未发生过泥石流。地震诱发了大量的崩塌、滑坡,提供了丰富的松散固体物质。在降雨影响下,于2009年8月24日,暴发了溃决型泥石流。其主要特征为:①中上游的一个大滑坡是此次暴发泥石流的主要物源;②泥石流的暴发和降水表现出不同步性;③甘沟泥石流为高容重黏性泥石流;④规模大,其流量为403.17m3/s,为溃决型泥石流。研究结果表明了甘沟泥石流已进入一个活跃期,因此,应该尽快对甘沟流域进行风险评估和预警,并采取有效的工程措施。
The debris flow was located in Gangou village,Gaochuan township,Anxian County of Sichuan Province in severe earthquake disaster area of "5·12",which was a new debris flow gully,it had not occurred before earthquake.Earthquake induced a mass of disasters as collapse,landslide and provided abundant incompact solid matters.In the rainfall,the bursting debris flow occurred on August 24,2009.The debris flow featured some characters:① the main source of debris flow was the large landslide which was located in the upper and middle reaches;② frequency of debris flow and local precipitation in Gangou was different;③ Gangou belonged to viscous,high-bulk volume debris flow;④ It was the large scale of outburst debris flow with flux about 403.17m3/s.The study indicated that the region had entered an active period by the Gangou debris flow.Therefore,it was important to assess debris flow risk and early warning and effective engineering measures in the Gangou basin areas as soon as possible.
The debris flow was located in Gangou village,Gaochuan township,Anxian County of Sichuan Province in severe earthquake disaster area of "5·12",which was a new debris flow gully,it had not occurred before earthquake.Earthquake induced a mass of disasters as collapse,landslide and provided abundant incompact solid matters.In the rainfall,the bursting debris flow occurred on August 24,2009.The debris flow featured some characters:① the main source of debris flow was the large landslide which was located in the upper and middle reaches;② frequency of debris flow and local precipitation in Gangou was different;③ Gangou belonged to viscous,high-bulk volume debris flow;④ It was the large scale of outburst debris flow with flux about 403.17m3/s.The study indicated that the region had entered an active period by the Gangou debris flow.Therefore,it was important to assess debris flow risk and early warning and effective engineering measures in the Gangou basin areas as soon as possible.
引文
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[2]钟敦伦.论地震在泥石流活动中的作用[M].重庆:科技文献出版社重庆分社,1981:30-35.(ZHONG Dun-lun.Concerning Earthquake Activity in the Role[M].Chongqing:Chongqing B ranch of Publishing House for Seintific Reference,1981:30-35.(in Chinese))
[3]彭秀红,徐佩华.柳杨沟泥石流特征及其工程影响分析[J].工程地质学报.2007,15(3):374-379.(PENG Xiu-hong,XU Pei-hua.Characteristics of the Debris Flowon July11,2001in Liuy-ang Stream and its Engineering Influence[J].Jorunal of Engi-neering Geology,2007,15(3):374-379.(in Chinese))
[4]唐川,梁京涛.汶川震区北川“9.24”暴雨泥石流特征研究工程地质学报[J].2008,16(6):751-758.(TANG Chuan,LI ANG Jing-tao.Characteristics of Debris Flows in Beichuan Epicenter of the Wenchuan Earthquake by Rainstorm on September24,2008[J].Jorunal of Engineering Geology,2008,16(6):751-758.(in Chinese))
[5]第宝锋,陈宁生,谢万银,等.罗坝街沟泥石流特征分析[J].山地学报,2003,21(2):216-222.(DI Bao-feng,CHEN Ning-sheng,XIE Wan-yin,et al.Character Analysis of Debris Flowin Luoba-jie Gully.Journal of Mountain Science,2003,21(2):216-222.(in Chinese))
[6]沈兴菊,张金山.“5.12”地震重灾区茂县竹包头沟泥石流特征及其防治对策[J].四川大学学报(工程科学版),2009,41(S1):97-101.(SHEN Xing-ju,ZHANG Jin-shan.The Fea Ture and Preven Tion Methods of the Zhubaotou Gully Debris Flows of Maoxianin Severe Earthquake Disaster Area of“5.12”Earth-quake[J].Journal of Sichuan University(Engineering Science E-dition),2009,41(supp):97-101.(in Chinese))
[7]周必凡.泥石流防治指南[M].北京:科学出版社,1991.(ZHOU Bi-fan.Control Policy of Debris Flow.Beijing:Science Press,1991.(in Chinese))
[8]张自光,张志明,张顺斌.都江堰市八一沟泥石流形成条件与动力学特征分析[J].中国地质灾害与防治学报,2010,21(1):34-38.(ZHANG Zi-guang,ZHANG Zhi-ming,ZHANG Shun-bin.Formation conditions and dynamics features of the debris flowin Bayi Gully in Dujiangyan County.The Chinese Journal of Geo-logical Hazards and Control,2010,21(1):34-38.(in Chinese))
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