基于Matlab的断裂带温泉水地球化学特征及地震活动性研究
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摘要
基于Matlab开发出地下流体分析软件,对比分析了甘肃西秦岭北缘的武山、街子和清水温泉水化学组分特征;初步分析了温泉水水质类型、补给来源、水—岩平衡状态以及循环深度,并讨论了温泉水深循环对地震活动性的影响。研究表明温泉水均为大气降水成因,其水化特征受围岩的控制作用;清水温泉水的成熟度没有武山和街子温泉水高。地下水循环深度较浅的武山温泉和街子温泉水化类型属于Na-HCO3.SO4.Cl,所处断裂的地震活动频繁;地下水循环深度较深的清水温泉水化类型属于Na-SO4.Cl,所处断裂的地震活动性弱。
The Matlab high-performance language for technical computing integrates computation,visualization,and programming in an easy-to-use environment where problems and solutions are expressed in familiar mathematical notation.It allows you to solve many technical computing problems,especially those with matrix and vector formulations,in a fraction of the time it would take to write a program in a scalar noninteractive language.The Matlab had a important application in seismic studies,such as,the ZMAP software used for scanning b value and application of Matlab software on intensity rapid report of Tianjin strong mation network.Authors developed the analysis software of the subsurface fluid based on Matlab,which combined with the function of some other geochemical software.This paper mainly discussed the water quality analysis by means of the software,and studied on the spring water in the north margin of western QinLing fault zone and comparatively analyzed the chemical composition characteristics of hot spring water in Wushan,Jiezi and Qingshui.In this paper,the types,water qualities,supply sources,the state of water-rock reaction and circulation depth of the water were discussed.And the paper analyzed that the circulation depth of hot spring water impacted on the seismicity of fault zone.In this paper,we drew the linear correlation diagram of δD and δ18O of hot spring water samples in the north margin of western Qinling fault zone.By the composition analysis of Hydrogen and Oxygen isotopes,it was showed that the supply sources of the water in three springs are precipitation and the isotope exchange effects caused positive shift of the 18O.Based on Rectangle hydrochemical diagram,it was the results that the hot spring water in Wushan and Jiezi was belonged to Na-HCO3·SO4·Cl and carbonated water of hydrochemical type,but the water in the Qingshui hot spring was belonged to Na-SO4·Cl and sulfuric water of hydrochemical type.In overall,three hot springs was the type of low salinity water.Because the different reactions were taken place between water and surrounding rock during the water cycle,chemical composition type of the spring water in Qingshui distinguish the Wushan and Jiezi.We came to some conclusions by mean of comparing depth of the spring water cycle with seismic activity of fault zone.The hot spring water with shallow depth of the water cycle,in Wushan and Jiezi,and the seismic activity was frequent in the local fault.But,the water-circulating depth of the spring water in the Qingshui was deep and the seismic activity of local faults was weak.This paper was showed that it were a correlation between the depth and seismic activity.The water during depth circulation had a strong weakening effect on its surrounding-rock on the fracture.The deep fluid provided with greater pore-pressure could reduce the effective positive pressure of fracture surface.The water with deeper cycle had a the higher level of weakening effect on fracture and caused the lower strength of fault zone.It affected the fault activity.All in all,this paper was showed that the geochemical characteristics of the spring water were differences between Qingshui and Wushan and Jiezi.In addition,whether it is a correlation with the size of fault activity will be required more in-depth study.
The Matlab high-performance language for technical computing integrates computation,visualization,and programming in an easy-to-use environment where problems and solutions are expressed in familiar mathematical notation.It allows you to solve many technical computing problems,especially those with matrix and vector formulations,in a fraction of the time it would take to write a program in a scalar noninteractive language.The Matlab had a important application in seismic studies,such as,the ZMAP software used for scanning b value and application of Matlab software on intensity rapid report of Tianjin strong mation network.Authors developed the analysis software of the subsurface fluid based on Matlab,which combined with the function of some other geochemical software.This paper mainly discussed the water quality analysis by means of the software,and studied on the spring water in the north margin of western QinLing fault zone and comparatively analyzed the chemical composition characteristics of hot spring water in Wushan,Jiezi and Qingshui.In this paper,the types,water qualities,supply sources,the state of water-rock reaction and circulation depth of the water were discussed.And the paper analyzed that the circulation depth of hot spring water impacted on the seismicity of fault zone.In this paper,we drew the linear correlation diagram of δD and δ18O of hot spring water samples in the north margin of western Qinling fault zone.By the composition analysis of Hydrogen and Oxygen isotopes,it was showed that the supply sources of the water in three springs are precipitation and the isotope exchange effects caused positive shift of the 18O.Based on Rectangle hydrochemical diagram,it was the results that the hot spring water in Wushan and Jiezi was belonged to Na-HCO3·SO4·Cl and carbonated water of hydrochemical type,but the water in the Qingshui hot spring was belonged to Na-SO4·Cl and sulfuric water of hydrochemical type.In overall,three hot springs was the type of low salinity water.Because the different reactions were taken place between water and surrounding rock during the water cycle,chemical composition type of the spring water in Qingshui distinguish the Wushan and Jiezi.We came to some conclusions by mean of comparing depth of the spring water cycle with seismic activity of fault zone.The hot spring water with shallow depth of the water cycle,in Wushan and Jiezi,and the seismic activity was frequent in the local fault.But,the water-circulating depth of the spring water in the Qingshui was deep and the seismic activity of local faults was weak.This paper was showed that it were a correlation between the depth and seismic activity.The water during depth circulation had a strong weakening effect on its surrounding-rock on the fracture.The deep fluid provided with greater pore-pressure could reduce the effective positive pressure of fracture surface.The water with deeper cycle had a the higher level of weakening effect on fracture and caused the lower strength of fault zone.It affected the fault activity.All in all,this paper was showed that the geochemical characteristics of the spring water were differences between Qingshui and Wushan and Jiezi.In addition,whether it is a correlation with the size of fault activity will be required more in-depth study.
引文
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[7]滕瑞增,金瑶泉,李西侯,等.西秦岭北缘断裂带新活动特征[J].西北地震学报,1994,16(2):85-80.TENG Rui-zeng,JIN Yao-quan,LI Xi-hou,et al.Recent Ac-tivity Characteristics of the Fault Zone at Northern Edge ofWestern Qinling MT[J].Northwestern Seismological Journal,1994,16(2):85-80.
[8]邵延秀,袁道阳,王爱国,等.西秦岭北缘断裂破裂分段与地震危险性评估[J].地震地质,2011,33(1):79-80.SHAO Yan-xiu,YUAN Dao-yang,WANG Ai-guo,et al.The Segmentation of Rupture and Estimate of Earthquake Riskalong the North Margin of Western Qinling Fault Zone[J].Seismology and Geology,2011,33(1):79-80.
[9]张守训,李百祥.天水及其南北地区温泉分布的地质-地球物理特征[J].西北地震学报,2006,28(3):252-257.ZHANG Shou-xun,LI Bai-xiang.The Geological and Geo-physical Characteristics of Hot Spring Distribution in Tianshuiand Its NS Adjacent Areas[J].Northwestern SeismologicalJournal,2006,28(3):252-257.
[10]钟以章,肖秀清.辽东半岛温泉与地震空间分布关系讨论[J].地震地质,1990,12(4):343-350.ZHONG Yi-zhang,XIAO Xiu-qing.Preliminary Study onSpatial Relationship between Earthquakes and Hot springs onLiaodong Peninsula[J].Seismology and Geology,1990,12(4):343-350.
[11]Chadha D K.A Proposed New Diagram for GeochemicalClassification of Natural Waters and Interpretation of Chemi-cal Dat a[J].Hydrogeology Journal,1999,7:431-439.
[12]Harmon Craig.Isotopic Variations in Meteoric Waters[J].Science,1961,133(3465):1702-1703.
[13]高志发.西北地区大气降水、地表水及地下水同位素组成特征探讨[J].甘肃地质学报,1993,2(2):94-101.GAO Zhi-fa.Discussion on Feature of Isotope Componentfrom Atmospheric Water,Ground Water and under GroundWater in Northwest Area,China[J].Acta Geologica Gansu,1993,2(2):94-101.
[14]桂和荣,陈陆望,宋晓梅.皖北矿区地下水中氢氧稳定同位素的漂移特征[J].哈尔滨工业大学学报,2005,37(1):111-114.GUI He-rong,CHEN Lu-wang,SONG Xiao-mei.Drift Fea-tures of Oxygen and Hydrogen Stable Isotopes in DeepGroundwater in Mining area of Northern Anhui[J].Journalof Harbin Institute of Technology,2005,37(1):111-114.
[15]Werner F.Giggenbach.Geothermal solute equilibria:deriva-tion of Na-K-Mg-Ca geoindicators[J].Geochimica etCosmochimica Acta,1988,52:2749-2765.
[2]石雅镠.秦岭北缘大断裂温泉的地震化学研究[D].兰州:国家地震局兰州地震研究所,1988.SHI Ya-liu.Research on the Seismological Geochemistry inthe Northern Margin Fault Zone of Qinling[D].Lanzhou:Lanzhou Institute of Seismology,CEA,1988.
[3]林元武.红河断裂北段温泉水循环深度与地震活动性的关系探讨[J].地震地质,1993,15(3):193-199.LIN Yuan-wu.A discussion on the Relation of CirculationDepth of Hot Spring Water to Seismic Activity on the North-ern Segment of the Honghe Fault Zone[J].Seismology and ge-ology,1993,15(3):193-199.
[4]汪万红,张慧,苏鹤军.秦岭北缘断裂带温泉水循环深度与地震活动性的关系研究[J].西北地震学报,2008,30(1):36-41.WANG Wan-hong,ZHANG Hui,SU He-jun.Research onthe Relation of Circulation Depth of Hot spring Water withSeismicity in the Northern Margin Fault Zone of Qinling[J].Northwestern Seismological Journal,2008,30(1):36-41.
[5]刘双庆,聂永安,高武平,等.Matlab在天津市强震动台网烈度速报中的应用[J].西北地震学报,2012,34(4):405-412.LIU Shuang-qing,NIE Yong-an,GAO Wu-ping,et al.Appli-cation of Matlab Software on Intensity Rapid Report of TianjinStrong Mation Network[J].Northwestern Seismological Jour-nal,2012,34(4):405-412.
[6]罗国富,屠泓为,马禾青,等.甘东南至陕甘宁交界中强震危险区地震活动能量场时空特征[J].西北地震学报,2012,34(2):132-137.LUO Guo-fu,TU Hong-wei,MA He-qin,et al.Space-timeDistribution Characteristics of Energy Field of Seismic Activityfor the Southeastern Part of Gansu Province to Shanxi-Gansu-Ningxia Boundary Region Moderate-strong Earthquake Haz-ard Area[J].Northwestern Seismological Journal,2012,34(2):132-137.
[7]滕瑞增,金瑶泉,李西侯,等.西秦岭北缘断裂带新活动特征[J].西北地震学报,1994,16(2):85-80.TENG Rui-zeng,JIN Yao-quan,LI Xi-hou,et al.Recent Ac-tivity Characteristics of the Fault Zone at Northern Edge ofWestern Qinling MT[J].Northwestern Seismological Journal,1994,16(2):85-80.
[8]邵延秀,袁道阳,王爱国,等.西秦岭北缘断裂破裂分段与地震危险性评估[J].地震地质,2011,33(1):79-80.SHAO Yan-xiu,YUAN Dao-yang,WANG Ai-guo,et al.The Segmentation of Rupture and Estimate of Earthquake Riskalong the North Margin of Western Qinling Fault Zone[J].Seismology and Geology,2011,33(1):79-80.
[9]张守训,李百祥.天水及其南北地区温泉分布的地质-地球物理特征[J].西北地震学报,2006,28(3):252-257.ZHANG Shou-xun,LI Bai-xiang.The Geological and Geo-physical Characteristics of Hot Spring Distribution in Tianshuiand Its NS Adjacent Areas[J].Northwestern SeismologicalJournal,2006,28(3):252-257.
[10]钟以章,肖秀清.辽东半岛温泉与地震空间分布关系讨论[J].地震地质,1990,12(4):343-350.ZHONG Yi-zhang,XIAO Xiu-qing.Preliminary Study onSpatial Relationship between Earthquakes and Hot springs onLiaodong Peninsula[J].Seismology and Geology,1990,12(4):343-350.
[11]Chadha D K.A Proposed New Diagram for GeochemicalClassification of Natural Waters and Interpretation of Chemi-cal Dat a[J].Hydrogeology Journal,1999,7:431-439.
[12]Harmon Craig.Isotopic Variations in Meteoric Waters[J].Science,1961,133(3465):1702-1703.
[13]高志发.西北地区大气降水、地表水及地下水同位素组成特征探讨[J].甘肃地质学报,1993,2(2):94-101.GAO Zhi-fa.Discussion on Feature of Isotope Componentfrom Atmospheric Water,Ground Water and under GroundWater in Northwest Area,China[J].Acta Geologica Gansu,1993,2(2):94-101.
[14]桂和荣,陈陆望,宋晓梅.皖北矿区地下水中氢氧稳定同位素的漂移特征[J].哈尔滨工业大学学报,2005,37(1):111-114.GUI He-rong,CHEN Lu-wang,SONG Xiao-mei.Drift Fea-tures of Oxygen and Hydrogen Stable Isotopes in DeepGroundwater in Mining area of Northern Anhui[J].Journalof Harbin Institute of Technology,2005,37(1):111-114.
[15]Werner F.Giggenbach.Geothermal solute equilibria:deriva-tion of Na-K-Mg-Ca geoindicators[J].Geochimica etCosmochimica Acta,1988,52:2749-2765.
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