消防站布局优化的计算机方法

英文篇名：Optimization of fire station locations using computer
中文刊名：清华大学学报(自然科学版)
英文刊名：Journal of Tsinghua University(Science and Technology)
作者：陈驰 ; 任爱珠
英文作者：CHEN Chi ; REN Aizhu(Department of Civil Engineering ; Tsinghua University ; Beijing 100084 ; China)
中文关键词：城市规划 ; 消防站 ; 优化
英文关键词：urban planning ; fire station locations ; optimization
出版日期：2003-10-30
机构：清华大学土木工程系,清华大学土木工程系北京100084 ,北京100084
年：2003
期：10
出版单位：清华大学学报(自然科学版)

摘要

消防站布局规划应该建立在科学分析的基础上,然而由于种种原因,中国的消防站布局规划主要还是根据人为经验进行的。该文提出了一种易于推广的消防站布局优化计算机方法。该方法以平均消防行车距离最小为消防站选址原则,将责任区抽象为多个"结点",同时考虑了消防站的选址和消防站责任区的划分,实现了多个消防站的整体布局优化。文中给出的实例表明该方法具有科学性和合理性。该方法还适用于诸如医院急救站等类似公共设施的规划建设。
Fire station locations should be selected scientifically rather than by human experience as often occurs in urban areas in China. This paper presents an easily implemented method for optimization of fire station locations. The method minimizes the average travel distance for the fire engines, which is calculated by abstracting fire station coverage areas as "nodes". The method optimizes the fire station locations as well as the coverage area boundaries of each area. The method was applied to a real example to show its effectiveness. The proposed method can also be used for locating other public facilities, such as clinics and hospitals.

引文

[1]HellyW.UrbanSystemModels[M].NewYork:AcademicPress,1975.
    [2]田伟涛.集成化城市火灾防治信息系统研究[D].北京:清华大学,1997.TIANWeitao.ResearchonIntegratedSystemforUrbanFireDisasterPrevention[D].Beijing:TsinghuaUniversity,1997.(inChinese).
    [3]陈艳艳,郭国旗.城市消防站的优化布局[J].河南消防,1998,(10):3032.CHENYanyan,GUOGuoqi.Locationoptimizationofurbanfirestation[J].He'nanFireFighting,1998,(10):3032.(inChinese)
    [4]吕关锋.利用城市GIS中数据信息进行消防站的选址[J].消防科学与技术,2001,(3):28.L UGuanfeng.ThesiteselectionoffirestationusingthedatainformationofGIS[J].FireScienceandTechnology,2001,(3):28.(inChinese)
    [5]蒋永琨,肖大威,蒋亦兵.城市消防规划与管理技术[M].北京:地震出版社,1990.JIANGYongkun,XIAODawei,JIANGYibing.LayoutandManagementTechnologyofUrbanFirePrevention[M].Beijing:SeismPress,1990.(inChinese)
    [6]刘良华,朱东海.AutoCAD2000ARX开发技术[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2000.LIULianghua,ZHUDonghai.DevelopmentandTechnologyofAutoCAD2000ARX[M].Beijing:TsinghuaUniversityPress,2000.(inChinese)