地震资料采集方式对地震处理的影响研究
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摘要
在岩性油气藏勘探中,为了能有效地对岩性油气藏进行识别,考虑到高分辨率和高信噪比的处理会造成保真度变差,因此,采用相对保真处理方法.但是,忽略地震资料采集方式对地震处理的影响.为此,基于准噶尔盆地石东地区一条长8km的高分辨率数据采集试验测线,通过分析剖面的反射特征和频谱特征,分别对地震采集震源和观测方式对高分辨率高信噪比地震资料处理的剖面和对相对保真地震资料处理剖面进行了分析和讨论.炸药震源的处理剖面,无论单深井还是组合井剖面的目的层反射波组特征信息都比可控震源的处理剖面丰富;无论单深井还是组合并,接收道距不同,目的层反射波组纵、横向分辨率也不同.小道距(5m道距)接收,目的层反射波组纵、横向分辨率最高.
Facing problem of high resolution or relative fidelity seismic processing in exploration and development of lithologic oil traps seismic data processing method effected by the method of acquisition is neglected.Therefore,one 8Km seismic profile from Shidong area in Zhunger Basin is processed by high resolution or the relative fidelity of seismic data processing method.To analyzing seismic profile and frequency of sand bed from high resolution、high S/ N ratio or relative fidelity seismic processing,seismic profile of single shooting (or pattern shooting) is better than seismic profile of vibrator shooting.Small geophone interval is higher resolution than big geophone interval in method of acquisition.
Facing problem of high resolution or relative fidelity seismic processing in exploration and development of lithologic oil traps seismic data processing method effected by the method of acquisition is neglected.Therefore,one 8Km seismic profile from Shidong area in Zhunger Basin is processed by high resolution or the relative fidelity of seismic data processing method.To analyzing seismic profile and frequency of sand bed from high resolution、high S/ N ratio or relative fidelity seismic processing,seismic profile of single shooting (or pattern shooting) is better than seismic profile of vibrator shooting.Small geophone interval is higher resolution than big geophone interval in method of acquisition.
引文
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[16] 王西文.地震资料处理和解释中的小波分析方法[M].石油工业出版社.2004． Wang X W. An Analysis Method from Wavelet Transform in Seismic Data Processing and Interpretatiopn[M]. Beijing: Petroleum Industry Press,2004．
[2] 王西文,刘全新,吕焕通,等.储集层预测技术在岩性油气藏勘探开发中的应用[J].石油勘探与开发,2006,33(2) :189～ 193． Wang X W, Liu Q X,Lu H T,et al. Application of reseroir predictiontechnique in the exploration and development of lithologic oil-gas reservoirs [J]. Petroleum Exploration and Development, 2006 ,33(2) :189～193．
[3] 王西文,刘全新,苏明军,等.滚动勘探开发阶段精细储集层预测技术[J].石油勘探与开发,2002,29(6) :51～53,71． Wang X W, Liu Q X, Su M J, et al. Precision predicting reservoirs on the stages of progressive of exploration and development [J]. Petroleum Exploration and Development,2002,29(6) :51～53,71．
[4] 王西文,赵邦六,吕焕通,等.地震资料相对保真处理方法研究 [J].石油物探.2009,48(4) :319～331 Wang X W, Zhao B L, Lv H T, et al. Relative amplitude preservation method for seismic data processing [J]. GPP, 2009, 48(4) :319～331．
[5] 王西文,刘全新,吕焕通,等.相对保幅的地震资料连片处理方法研究[J].石油物探,2006,45(2) :105～120． Wang X W, Liu Q X,Lv H T,et al. Relative amplitude method to merging processing of 3-D seismic data from multi-area [J]. Geophysical Prospecting for petroleum,2006,45(2) :105～120．
[6] 王西文,胡自多,田彦灿,等.地震子波处理的二步法反褶积方法研究[J].地球物理学进展,2006,21(4) :1167～1179． Wang X W, Hu Z D, Tian Y C, et al. Study of seismic wavelet processing method in two step deconvolution[J]. Progress in Geophysics, 2006,21 (4) : 1167 ～ 1179．
[7] 王西文.提取地震信号中高频信息方法的若干问题[J].石油地球物理勘探,2006,41(1) :67～75． Wang X W. Several issues of methods for detecting high-frequency information of seismic signal [J]. Oil Geophysical Prospecting, 2006,41(1) :67～75．
[8] 王西文.高分辨率滤波算子在小波域中的提取[J].石油地球物理勘探,2000,35(3) :298～306,314． Wang X W. Obtaining the high-resolution filter operator in wavelet domain[J].OGP. (in Chinese),2000,35(3) :298～306,314．
[9] 高静怀,汪文秉,朱光明.地震资料处理中小波函数的选取研究[J].地球物理学报,1996,39(3) :392～399． Gao J H,Wang W B,Zhu G M,et al. On the choice of wavelet functions for seismic data processing [J]. Chinese J. Geophys.(in Chinese), 1996,39(3) :392～399．
[10] 王西文,高静怀,李幼铭.高分辨地震资料处理中导数小波函数的构造[J].石油物探,2000,39(2) :64～71． Wang X W , Gao J H, Li Y M . Construction of derivative wavelet function in resolution seismic data processing[J]. GPP. (in Chinese),2000,39(2) : 64～71．
[11] 王西文,刘全新,李幼铭,等.地震信号瞬时特征在小波域分频提取的方法和应用[J]..石油地球物理勘探,2000,35(4) :452 ～460,478． Wang X W, Liu Q X, Li Y M, et al. One method for frequency-division obtainment of instantaneous characteristics of seismic signals in wavelet domain, and its application[J]. OGP. (in Chinese) ,2000,35(4) :452～460,478．
[12] 王西文,杨孔庆,周立宏,王娟,刘洪,李幼铭.基于小波变换的地震相干体算法研究[J].地球物理学报,2002,45(6) :847 ～852． Wang X W,Yang K Q,Zhou L H,Wang J,Liu H,Li Y M. Methods Of Calculating Coherence Cube from Wavelet Transform[J]. Chinese J. Geophys. (in Chinese), 2002,45(6) :847～852．
[13] 李庆忠著.走向精确勘探的道路高分辨率系统工程剖析[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1993． Li Q Z. The Way To Obtain A Better Resolution In Seismic Exploration[M]. Beijing : Petroleum Industry Press, 1993．
[14] 俞寿朋著.高分辨地震勘探[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1993． Yu S P. High Resolution Seismic Exploration[M]. Beijing: Petroleum Industry Press, 1993．
[15] 李庆忠、张进编著,岩性油气田勘探--河道砂储集层的研究方法[M].青岛:中国海洋大学出版社,2006． Li Q Z,Zhang J. Exploration Method of Lithological Oil and Gas Field-Knowledge of Continental River Channel System Reservoir[M]. Beijing : Petroleum Industry Press, 2006．
[16] 王西文.地震资料处理和解释中的小波分析方法[M].石油工业出版社.2004． Wang X W. An Analysis Method from Wavelet Transform in Seismic Data Processing and Interpretatiopn[M]. Beijing: Petroleum Industry Press,2004．
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