考虑水致弱化及应变梯度的断层岩爆分析
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摘要
研究了岩石含水量对断层-围岩系统稳定性及岩爆(冲击地压)对韧性断层变形的影响。含水量不仅影响岩石强度,也对应力-应变曲线应变软化阶段斜率有影响。基于梯度塑性理论和水致弱化函数,得到了剪切带内部的塑性剪切应变、总剪切应变及塑性剪切位移的分布规律。此外,还得到了不同含水量时剪力-塑性剪切位移的关系。研究结果表明:随着岩石含水量的增加,塑性剪应变降低,塑性剪切位移降低;含水量越大,则弹性阶段越短,耗散势能越小,外力功越小,断层岩爆释放的弹性能量也越小;岩石的含水量增加,则断层-围岩系统不容易发生失稳。
Stability analysis is made on the system composed of fault band and surrounding elastic rockmasses considering water weakening and strain gradient. The deformation of ductile fault after rock burst is investigated. It is found from experimental measurement that the shear strength and the absolute value of the slope of stress and strain curve are decreased with water content. Considering the deterioration of strength,the distribution rules of plastic shear strain and total plastic shear strain in shear band are proposed based on gradient-dependent plasticity. Besides,the relation between shear force and relative plastic shear displacement is also presented. The analytical result shows that the plastic shear strain and the plastic shear displacement decrease with water content. Larger water content leads to shorter elastic stage,lower dissipated potential energy and lower external force work. In addition,the released elastic strain energy increases as water content decreases. According to the analytical solution of axial stress-axial strain curve of rock specimen in uniaxial compression proposed by authors and experimental results,water content affects the softening modulus. The post-peak slope of shear stress and shear displacement curve of the system is presented considering the influence of water content on the softening modulus. It is shown that increment of water content reduces the possibility of instability.
Stability analysis is made on the system composed of fault band and surrounding elastic rockmasses considering water weakening and strain gradient. The deformation of ductile fault after rock burst is investigated. It is found from experimental measurement that the shear strength and the absolute value of the slope of stress and strain curve are decreased with water content. Considering the deterioration of strength,the distribution rules of plastic shear strain and total plastic shear strain in shear band are proposed based on gradient-dependent plasticity. Besides,the relation between shear force and relative plastic shear displacement is also presented. The analytical result shows that the plastic shear strain and the plastic shear displacement decrease with water content. Larger water content leads to shorter elastic stage,lower dissipated potential energy and lower external force work. In addition,the released elastic strain energy increases as water content decreases. According to the analytical solution of axial stress-axial strain curve of rock specimen in uniaxial compression proposed by authors and experimental results,water content affects the softening modulus. The post-peak slope of shear stress and shear displacement curve of the system is presented considering the influence of water content on the softening modulus. It is shown that increment of water content reduces the possibility of instability.
引文
1谢和平.矿山岩体力学及工程的研究进展与展望[J].中国工程科学,2003,5(3):31～38
2蔡美峰.金属矿山当前面临的主要问题及对策[J].矿业工程,2003,1(1):40～43
3古德生,李夕兵.有色金属深井采矿研究现状与科学前沿[J].矿业研究与开发,2003,(增1):1～5
4潘立友,蒋宇静,李兴伟等.煤层冲击地压的扩容理论[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2002,21(增2):2301～2303
5裴广文,纪洪广.深部开采过程中构造冲击地压的能量级别预测[J].煤炭科学技术,2002,30(7):48～51
6姜云,王兰生.深埋长大公路隧道高地应力岩爆和岩溶涌突水问题及对策[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2002,21(9):1319～1323
7贾明涛,潘长良,王李管.开放的深井开采复杂巨系统中岩爆灾害研究方法[J].中国工程科学,2003,5(6):74～78
8徐则民,黄润秋.岩爆与爆破的关系[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2003,22(3):414～419
9李四年,唐春安,王述红等.深部开采岩爆机理数值分析方法与应用[J].湖北工学院学报,2003,18(1):46～49
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11潘一山,王来贵,章梦涛等.断层冲击地压发生的理论与实验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,1998,17(6):145～151
12潘岳,刘英,顾善发.矿井断层冲击地压的折迭突变模型[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2001,20(1):43～48
13潘岳,解金玉,顾善发.非均匀围压下矿井断层冲击地压的突变理论分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2001,20(3):310～314
14王学滨,潘一山,海龙.基于剪切应变梯度塑性理论的断层冲击地压失稳判据[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2004,23(4):588～591
15王学滨,潘一山,马瑾.剪切带-弹性岩体系统的稳定及失稳滑动理论研究[J].岩土工程学报,2002,24(3):360～362
16王学滨,赵扬锋,张智慧等.考虑应变率及应变梯度效应的断层岩爆分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2003,22(22):1859～1862
17殷有泉,杜静.地震过程的燕尾型突变模型[J].地震学报,1994,16(4):416～422
18刘军,秦四清,张倬元.缓倾角层状岩体失稳的尖点突变模型研究[J].岩土工程学报,2001,23(1):42～44
19赵阳升.矿山岩石流体力学[M].北京:煤炭工业出版社,1994
20王学滨,姚再兴,潘一山.围压对剪切带倾角影响的梯度塑性理论分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2004,23(1):31～34
2蔡美峰.金属矿山当前面临的主要问题及对策[J].矿业工程,2003,1(1):40～43
3古德生,李夕兵.有色金属深井采矿研究现状与科学前沿[J].矿业研究与开发,2003,(增1):1～5
4潘立友,蒋宇静,李兴伟等.煤层冲击地压的扩容理论[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2002,21(增2):2301～2303
5裴广文,纪洪广.深部开采过程中构造冲击地压的能量级别预测[J].煤炭科学技术,2002,30(7):48～51
6姜云,王兰生.深埋长大公路隧道高地应力岩爆和岩溶涌突水问题及对策[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2002,21(9):1319～1323
7贾明涛,潘长良,王李管.开放的深井开采复杂巨系统中岩爆灾害研究方法[J].中国工程科学,2003,5(6):74～78
8徐则民,黄润秋.岩爆与爆破的关系[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2003,22(3):414～419
9李四年,唐春安,王述红等.深部开采岩爆机理数值分析方法与应用[J].湖北工学院学报,2003,18(1):46～49
10齐庆新,陈尚本,王怀新等.冲击地压、地震、矿震的关系及其数值模拟研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2003,22(22):1852～1858
11潘一山,王来贵,章梦涛等.断层冲击地压发生的理论与实验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,1998,17(6):145～151
12潘岳,刘英,顾善发.矿井断层冲击地压的折迭突变模型[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2001,20(1):43～48
13潘岳,解金玉,顾善发.非均匀围压下矿井断层冲击地压的突变理论分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2001,20(3):310～314
14王学滨,潘一山,海龙.基于剪切应变梯度塑性理论的断层冲击地压失稳判据[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2004,23(4):588～591
15王学滨,潘一山,马瑾.剪切带-弹性岩体系统的稳定及失稳滑动理论研究[J].岩土工程学报,2002,24(3):360～362
16王学滨,赵扬锋,张智慧等.考虑应变率及应变梯度效应的断层岩爆分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2003,22(22):1859～1862
17殷有泉,杜静.地震过程的燕尾型突变模型[J].地震学报,1994,16(4):416～422
18刘军,秦四清,张倬元.缓倾角层状岩体失稳的尖点突变模型研究[J].岩土工程学报,2001,23(1):42～44
19赵阳升.矿山岩石流体力学[M].北京:煤炭工业出版社,1994
20王学滨,姚再兴,潘一山.围压对剪切带倾角影响的梯度塑性理论分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2004,23(1):31～34
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