土质边坡地震稳定性研究进展
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摘要
土质边坡地震稳定性研究方法主要有稳定安全系数法、地震永久变形法、模型试验法和数值模拟法四种。对这四种方法,并主要对基于概率理论的地震永久变形简化耦合算法(Bray-Travasarou法(2007))和振动台模型试验法这两种方法的基本内容和国内外最新研究进展进行评述,分析其存在的问题,并对这些方法的发展提出建议。
Common procedures for analyzing the seismic stability of soil slopes are safety factor,seismically induced permanent deformation,model test and numerical simulation,etc.The basic theories and advances of all the four procedures,particularly of simplified nonlinear fully coupled stick-slip sliding block procedure based on the theory of probability(Bray-Travasarou(2007) simplified seismic displacement procedure) and shaking-table model test from home and abroad are introduced and some disadvantages of the procedures are reviewed.Some suggestions to the future research on the topic are given.
Common procedures for analyzing the seismic stability of soil slopes are safety factor,seismically induced permanent deformation,model test and numerical simulation,etc.The basic theories and advances of all the four procedures,particularly of simplified nonlinear fully coupled stick-slip sliding block procedure based on the theory of probability(Bray-Travasarou(2007) simplified seismic displacement procedure) and shaking-table model test from home and abroad are introduced and some disadvantages of the procedures are reviewed.Some suggestions to the future research on the topic are given.
引文
[1]Seed H B.Considerations in the earthquake resistant design ofearth and rockfill dams[J].Geotechnique,1979,29(3):215-263.
[2]DL 5073-2000水工建筑物抗震设计规范[S].
[3]SL 274-2001碾压式土石坝设计规范[S].
[4]吕擎峰,殷宗泽,王叔华,等.拟静力法边坡稳定分析的改进[J].岩土力学,2005,26(21):35-38.
[5]罗红明,唐辉明,胡斌,等.考虑地震力的刚体极限平衡法及其工程应用[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2007,26(21):3590-3595.
[6]Newmark N M.Effects of earthquake on dams andembankments[J].Geotechnique,1965,15(2):139-160.
[7]Makdisi F I,Seed H B.Simplified procedure for estimatingdam and embankment earthquake-induced deformations[J].Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,1978,104(7):849-867.
[8]Bray J D,Rathje E M.Earthquake-induced displacementsof soli-waste landfills[J].Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering,1998,124(3):242-253.
[9]Bray J D,Rathje E M,Augello A J,et al.Simplified seismicdesign procedure for geosynthetic-lined,solid wastelandfills[J].Geosynthetics International,1998,5(1-2):203-235.
[10]Bray J D,Travasarou T.Simplified procedure for estimatingearthquake-induced deviatoric slope displacements[J].Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering,2007,133(4):381-392.
[11]Bray J D.Simplified seismic slope displacement procedures[C]//Pitilakis K D.Earthquake Geo technical Engineering,4th International Conference on Earthquake GeotechnicalEngineering-Invited Lectures,Berlin:Springer,2007:327-353.
[12]殷宗泽.土工原理[M].北京:中国水利水电出版社,2007.
[13]Al-Homoud A S,Tahtamoni W.Comparison betweenpredictions using different simplified Newmarks'block-on-plane models and field values of earthquake induceddisplacement[J].Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering,2000,19(2):73-90.
[14]Rathje E M,Bray J D.An examination of simplifiedearthquake-induced displacement procedure for earthstructures[J].Canadian Geotechnical Journal,1999,36(1):72-87.
[15]Wartman J,Bray J D,Seed R B.Inclined plane studiesof the Newmark sliding block procedure[J].Journal ofGeotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering,2003,129(8):673-684.
[16]Kramer S L,Lindwall N W.Dimensionality anddirectionality effects in Newmark Sliding Block Analyses[J].Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvir onmental Engineering,2004,130(3):303-315.
[17]Stewart J P,Blake T F,Hollingsworth R A.A screen analysisprocedure for seismic slope stability[J].Earthquake Spectra,2003,19(3):697-712.
[18]李红军,迟世春,林皋.基于黏着滑动耦合动力分析的Newmark滑块位移法[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2007,26(9):1787-1793.
[19]Wartman J,Bray J D,Seed R B.Shaking table experimental ofa model slope subjected to a pair of repeated ground motions[C]//Proceedings of the Fourth International Conference onRecent Advance in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineeringand Soil Dynamics and Symposium.San Diego,California:[s.n.],2001.
[20]刘汉龙.随机地震作用下地基及土石坝永久变形分析[J].岩土工程学报,1996,18(3):19-27.
[21]邵龙潭,唐洪洋,孔宪京,等.随机地震作用下土石坝边坡的稳定性分析[J].水利学报,1999(11):66-71.
[22]于玉贞,邓丽军,李荣建.砂土边坡地震动力响应离心模型试验[J].清华大学学报:自然科学版,2007,47(6):789-792.
[23]Ng C W W,Li X S,Van Laak P A,et al.Centrifugemodeling of loose fill embankment subjected to uni-axialandbi-axial earthquakes[J].Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering,2004,24(2):305-318.
[24]Wartman J,Seed R B,Bray J D.Shaking table modeling ofseismically induced deformations in slopes[J].Journal ofGeotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering,2005,131(5):610-622.
[25]Lin M L,Wang K L.Seismic slope behavior in a large-scaleshaking table model test[J].Engineering Geology,2006,(8):118-133.
[26]翟阳,韩国城.边坡对土坝稳定影响的振动台模型试验研究[J].烟台大学学报:自然科学与工程版,1996,(4):67-71.
[27]窦兴旺,林义兴,夏颂佑,等.深覆盖层上高堆石坝的振动台试验研究[J].长江科学院院报,1999,16(4):46-49.
[28]陈建斌,周立运.大型粉煤灰坝模型抗震试验研究[J].岩土力学,2006,27(7):1109-1113.
[29]陈建斌,周立运.粉煤灰坝模型试验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2004,23(51):4351-4355.
[30]Iai S.Similitude for shaking table tests on soil-structure-fluidmodel in 1-gravitational field[J].Soils and Foundations,1989,29(1):105-118.
[31]Meymand P J.Shaking table scale model tests of nonlinearsoil-pile-superstructure interaction in soft clay[D].Berkeley,Calf.:U.C.Berkeley,1998.
[32]Wartman J.Physical model studies of seismically induceddeformations in slopes[D].Berkeley,Calf.:U.C.Berkeley,1999.
[33]Chen W Y.Physical model studies of seismic sloperesponse and performance[D].Berkeley,Calf.:U.C.Berkeley,2004.
[34]张友葩,高永涛,王杰林,等.动荷载下边坡的失稳分析[J].北京科技大学学报,2003,25(2):110-116.
[35]刘春玲,祁生文,童立强,等.利用FLAC3D分析某边坡地震稳定性[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2004,23(16):2730-2733.
[36]邹栋,郑宏.快速拉格朗日法及其在边坡稳定性分析中的应用[J].矿业研究与开发,2005,25(5):80-83.
[37]王志伟,王庚荪.裂隙性黏土边坡渐进性破坏的FLAC模拟[J].岩土力学,2005,26(10):1637-1640.
[38]刘建华.连续介质力学行为分析的静态拉格朗日方法[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2007,29(7):1438-1447.
[39]栾茂田,李湛,范庆来.土石坝拟静力抗震稳定性分析与坝坡地震滑移量估算[J].岩土力学,2007,28(2):224-231.
[40]阮永芬,潘文,费维水,等.高填土路堤边坡地震稳定性静动力法比较分析[J].公路交通科技,2006,23(4):41-45.
[2]DL 5073-2000水工建筑物抗震设计规范[S].
[3]SL 274-2001碾压式土石坝设计规范[S].
[4]吕擎峰,殷宗泽,王叔华,等.拟静力法边坡稳定分析的改进[J].岩土力学,2005,26(21):35-38.
[5]罗红明,唐辉明,胡斌,等.考虑地震力的刚体极限平衡法及其工程应用[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2007,26(21):3590-3595.
[6]Newmark N M.Effects of earthquake on dams andembankments[J].Geotechnique,1965,15(2):139-160.
[7]Makdisi F I,Seed H B.Simplified procedure for estimatingdam and embankment earthquake-induced deformations[J].Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,1978,104(7):849-867.
[8]Bray J D,Rathje E M.Earthquake-induced displacementsof soli-waste landfills[J].Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering,1998,124(3):242-253.
[9]Bray J D,Rathje E M,Augello A J,et al.Simplified seismicdesign procedure for geosynthetic-lined,solid wastelandfills[J].Geosynthetics International,1998,5(1-2):203-235.
[10]Bray J D,Travasarou T.Simplified procedure for estimatingearthquake-induced deviatoric slope displacements[J].Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering,2007,133(4):381-392.
[11]Bray J D.Simplified seismic slope displacement procedures[C]//Pitilakis K D.Earthquake Geo technical Engineering,4th International Conference on Earthquake GeotechnicalEngineering-Invited Lectures,Berlin:Springer,2007:327-353.
[12]殷宗泽.土工原理[M].北京:中国水利水电出版社,2007.
[13]Al-Homoud A S,Tahtamoni W.Comparison betweenpredictions using different simplified Newmarks'block-on-plane models and field values of earthquake induceddisplacement[J].Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering,2000,19(2):73-90.
[14]Rathje E M,Bray J D.An examination of simplifiedearthquake-induced displacement procedure for earthstructures[J].Canadian Geotechnical Journal,1999,36(1):72-87.
[15]Wartman J,Bray J D,Seed R B.Inclined plane studiesof the Newmark sliding block procedure[J].Journal ofGeotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering,2003,129(8):673-684.
[16]Kramer S L,Lindwall N W.Dimensionality anddirectionality effects in Newmark Sliding Block Analyses[J].Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvir onmental Engineering,2004,130(3):303-315.
[17]Stewart J P,Blake T F,Hollingsworth R A.A screen analysisprocedure for seismic slope stability[J].Earthquake Spectra,2003,19(3):697-712.
[18]李红军,迟世春,林皋.基于黏着滑动耦合动力分析的Newmark滑块位移法[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2007,26(9):1787-1793.
[19]Wartman J,Bray J D,Seed R B.Shaking table experimental ofa model slope subjected to a pair of repeated ground motions[C]//Proceedings of the Fourth International Conference onRecent Advance in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineeringand Soil Dynamics and Symposium.San Diego,California:[s.n.],2001.
[20]刘汉龙.随机地震作用下地基及土石坝永久变形分析[J].岩土工程学报,1996,18(3):19-27.
[21]邵龙潭,唐洪洋,孔宪京,等.随机地震作用下土石坝边坡的稳定性分析[J].水利学报,1999(11):66-71.
[22]于玉贞,邓丽军,李荣建.砂土边坡地震动力响应离心模型试验[J].清华大学学报:自然科学版,2007,47(6):789-792.
[23]Ng C W W,Li X S,Van Laak P A,et al.Centrifugemodeling of loose fill embankment subjected to uni-axialandbi-axial earthquakes[J].Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering,2004,24(2):305-318.
[24]Wartman J,Seed R B,Bray J D.Shaking table modeling ofseismically induced deformations in slopes[J].Journal ofGeotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering,2005,131(5):610-622.
[25]Lin M L,Wang K L.Seismic slope behavior in a large-scaleshaking table model test[J].Engineering Geology,2006,(8):118-133.
[26]翟阳,韩国城.边坡对土坝稳定影响的振动台模型试验研究[J].烟台大学学报:自然科学与工程版,1996,(4):67-71.
[27]窦兴旺,林义兴,夏颂佑,等.深覆盖层上高堆石坝的振动台试验研究[J].长江科学院院报,1999,16(4):46-49.
[28]陈建斌,周立运.大型粉煤灰坝模型抗震试验研究[J].岩土力学,2006,27(7):1109-1113.
[29]陈建斌,周立运.粉煤灰坝模型试验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2004,23(51):4351-4355.
[30]Iai S.Similitude for shaking table tests on soil-structure-fluidmodel in 1-gravitational field[J].Soils and Foundations,1989,29(1):105-118.
[31]Meymand P J.Shaking table scale model tests of nonlinearsoil-pile-superstructure interaction in soft clay[D].Berkeley,Calf.:U.C.Berkeley,1998.
[32]Wartman J.Physical model studies of seismically induceddeformations in slopes[D].Berkeley,Calf.:U.C.Berkeley,1999.
[33]Chen W Y.Physical model studies of seismic sloperesponse and performance[D].Berkeley,Calf.:U.C.Berkeley,2004.
[34]张友葩,高永涛,王杰林,等.动荷载下边坡的失稳分析[J].北京科技大学学报,2003,25(2):110-116.
[35]刘春玲,祁生文,童立强,等.利用FLAC3D分析某边坡地震稳定性[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2004,23(16):2730-2733.
[36]邹栋,郑宏.快速拉格朗日法及其在边坡稳定性分析中的应用[J].矿业研究与开发,2005,25(5):80-83.
[37]王志伟,王庚荪.裂隙性黏土边坡渐进性破坏的FLAC模拟[J].岩土力学,2005,26(10):1637-1640.
[38]刘建华.连续介质力学行为分析的静态拉格朗日方法[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2007,29(7):1438-1447.
[39]栾茂田,李湛,范庆来.土石坝拟静力抗震稳定性分析与坝坡地震滑移量估算[J].岩土力学,2007,28(2):224-231.
[40]阮永芬,潘文,费维水,等.高填土路堤边坡地震稳定性静动力法比较分析[J].公路交通科技,2006,23(4):41-45.
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