压力洞室围岩的高压透水率测试技术与应用研究
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摘要
随着压力洞室、深埋地下工程的建设,迫切需要弄清工程所在深度上的岩体在高压作用下的透水性状。由于岩体中的节理、裂隙等各种软弱结构面在高压作用下将会张裂、扩展,只有按照等于或略大于洞壁围岩实际承受的压力进行高压透水测试,才能得到工程运行状态下岩体透水率的可靠资料。介绍了钻孔高压压水测试技术,并结合其在工程中的具体应用做了初步分析。
For the construction of pressure tunnels and underground projects in greater depth,it is necessary to understand the groundwater permeability of the surrounding rocks. Under high water pressure,various weak structures such as joints or cracks inside the rock mass may split or extend,which may lead to permeability change in turn. Therefore,it’s necessary to measure the permeability of surrounding rock under pressures equal to or higher than the designed pressure magnitudes to obtain more reliable permeability information under normal project operation conditions. This paper presents a high pressure permeability measurement technique in boreholes and its application for pressure tunnels.
For the construction of pressure tunnels and underground projects in greater depth,it is necessary to understand the groundwater permeability of the surrounding rocks. Under high water pressure,various weak structures such as joints or cracks inside the rock mass may split or extend,which may lead to permeability change in turn. Therefore,it’s necessary to measure the permeability of surrounding rock under pressures equal to or higher than the designed pressure magnitudes to obtain more reliable permeability information under normal project operation conditions. This paper presents a high pressure permeability measurement technique in boreholes and its application for pressure tunnels.
引文
[1]中华人民共和国行业标准编写组.水利水电工程钻孔压水试验规程(SL25–92)[S].北京:水利电力出版社,1992.(TheProfessionalStandardsCompileGroup ofPeople′Republic ofChina.Code of s water pressure test in borehole for water resources and hydropower engineering(SL25–92)[S].Beijing:WaterResources andElectricPowerPress,1992.(inChinese))
[2]谷兆祺,彭守拙,李仲奎.地下洞室工程[M].北京:清华大学出版社,1994.(GuZhaoqi,PengShouzhuo,LiZhongkui.UndergroundTunnelEngineering[M].Beijing:TsinghuaUniversityPress,1994.(inChinese))
[3]郭启良,安其美,赵仕广.水压致裂压力测量在广州抽水蓄能电站设计中的应用研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2002,21(6):828– 832.(GuoQiliang,AnQimei,ZhaoShiguang.Application of hydraulic fracturing test in the design ofGuangzhou pump storage project[J].ChineseJournal ofRockMechanics andEngineering,2002,21(6):828–832.(inChinese))
[4]郭启良,安其美,丁立丰.高水头电站钻孔高压压水的作用和意 义[A].见:地壳构造与地壳应力文集13[C].北京:地震出版社,2000.(GuoQiliang,AnQimei,DingLifeng.High-Pressure packer permeability test in boreholes for power station with high water head and its significance[A].TheCollectedWorks ofCrustalTectonic andStress13[C].Beijing:EarthquakePress,2000.(inChinese))
[5]JonnesF O.A laboratory study of the effects of confining pressure on fracture flow and storage capacity in carbonate rock[J].Journal ofPetrolTechnology,1975,27(1):21–27.
[6]张守良,沈琛,邓金根.岩石变形与破坏过程中渗透率变化规律的实验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2000,19(增):885– 888.(ZhangSouliang,ShenChen,DengJingen.Testing study on the law of permeability variation in process of rock deformation and engineering[J].ChineseJournal ofRockMechanics andEngineering,2000,19(Supp.):885–888.(inChinese))
[7]RoegiersJ C ,OngSeehong.Fracture initiation from included wellbores in anisotropic formations[A].In:Proc. ofInternationalMeeting onPetroleumEngineering[C].Beijing:[s. n.],1995,14–17.
[8]姜振泉,季梁军,左如松等.岩石在饲服条件下的渗透性与应变、应力的关联性特征[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2002,21(10):1442– 446.(JiangZhenquan,JiLiangjun,ZuoRusong,et al.Correlativity among rock permeability and strain, stress under servo-control conditon[J].ChineseJournal ofRockMechanics andEngineering,2002,21(10):1442–1446.(inChinese))
[9]李世平,李玉寿,吴振业.岩石全应力应变过程对应的渗透率-应变方程[J].岩土工程学报,1995,17(2):13–19.(LiShiping,LiYushou,WuZhenye.The permeability-strain equations relating to complete stress-strain path of rock[J].ChineseJournal ofGeotechnicalEngineering,1995,17(2):13–19.(inChinese))
[10]刘世明,胡宝磊.天荒坪抽水蓄能电站岔管区域高压渗透试验[J].地下工程技术,1996,(1):1–8.(LiuShiming,HuBaolei.High water pressure test at high pressure conveying water tunnel branch section ofTianhuangping pumped storage project[J].UndergroundEngineeringTechnique,1996,(1):1–8.(inChinese))
[2]谷兆祺,彭守拙,李仲奎.地下洞室工程[M].北京:清华大学出版社,1994.(GuZhaoqi,PengShouzhuo,LiZhongkui.UndergroundTunnelEngineering[M].Beijing:TsinghuaUniversityPress,1994.(inChinese))
[3]郭启良,安其美,赵仕广.水压致裂压力测量在广州抽水蓄能电站设计中的应用研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2002,21(6):828– 832.(GuoQiliang,AnQimei,ZhaoShiguang.Application of hydraulic fracturing test in the design ofGuangzhou pump storage project[J].ChineseJournal ofRockMechanics andEngineering,2002,21(6):828–832.(inChinese))
[4]郭启良,安其美,丁立丰.高水头电站钻孔高压压水的作用和意 义[A].见:地壳构造与地壳应力文集13[C].北京:地震出版社,2000.(GuoQiliang,AnQimei,DingLifeng.High-Pressure packer permeability test in boreholes for power station with high water head and its significance[A].TheCollectedWorks ofCrustalTectonic andStress13[C].Beijing:EarthquakePress,2000.(inChinese))
[5]JonnesF O.A laboratory study of the effects of confining pressure on fracture flow and storage capacity in carbonate rock[J].Journal ofPetrolTechnology,1975,27(1):21–27.
[6]张守良,沈琛,邓金根.岩石变形与破坏过程中渗透率变化规律的实验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2000,19(增):885– 888.(ZhangSouliang,ShenChen,DengJingen.Testing study on the law of permeability variation in process of rock deformation and engineering[J].ChineseJournal ofRockMechanics andEngineering,2000,19(Supp.):885–888.(inChinese))
[7]RoegiersJ C ,OngSeehong.Fracture initiation from included wellbores in anisotropic formations[A].In:Proc. ofInternationalMeeting onPetroleumEngineering[C].Beijing:[s. n.],1995,14–17.
[8]姜振泉,季梁军,左如松等.岩石在饲服条件下的渗透性与应变、应力的关联性特征[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2002,21(10):1442– 446.(JiangZhenquan,JiLiangjun,ZuoRusong,et al.Correlativity among rock permeability and strain, stress under servo-control conditon[J].ChineseJournal ofRockMechanics andEngineering,2002,21(10):1442–1446.(inChinese))
[9]李世平,李玉寿,吴振业.岩石全应力应变过程对应的渗透率-应变方程[J].岩土工程学报,1995,17(2):13–19.(LiShiping,LiYushou,WuZhenye.The permeability-strain equations relating to complete stress-strain path of rock[J].ChineseJournal ofGeotechnicalEngineering,1995,17(2):13–19.(inChinese))
[10]刘世明,胡宝磊.天荒坪抽水蓄能电站岔管区域高压渗透试验[J].地下工程技术,1996,(1):1–8.(LiuShiming,HuBaolei.High water pressure test at high pressure conveying water tunnel branch section ofTianhuangping pumped storage project[J].UndergroundEngineeringTechnique,1996,(1):1–8.(inChinese))
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