物理模拟实验理想材料——塑化松香和有关物理参数测定
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摘要
通过对塑化松香性质的介绍 ,结合已有的模拟实验结果 ,认为塑化松香是理想的模拟实验塑性材料。为了便于定量模拟 ,采用蠕变法和落球法测定了 1 4～2 2℃时不同配比下的粘度 ,并把蠕变法测定的结果利用Weibull曲线内推和外推到 1 5～ 2 5℃内任意温度下的粘度。测定结果表明 ,蠕变法得到的粘度值比落球法得到的粘度值更接近实际情况。通过上述两种方法测定的粘度值 ,基本满足定量模拟要求 ,可用于岩石圈多层构造变形的模拟实验中
The authors found that plasticized rosin is an ideal plastic model material. In order to simulate quantitatively, we tested the viscosity of plasticized rosin with different composition by carrying out creep and falling ball experiments under 14～22℃. The viscosity value of creep tests is received, by means of interpolated and extrapolated method under any temperature between 15℃ to 25℃ in form of Weibull curves. The results of all tests show that the value of viscosity obtained from creep tests is closer to reality than that of falling ball tests. The viscosity obtained from two methods can mainly satisfy the requirement of quantitative simulatition of multi-layer tectonic deformation.
The authors found that plasticized rosin is an ideal plastic model material. In order to simulate quantitatively, we tested the viscosity of plasticized rosin with different composition by carrying out creep and falling ball experiments under 14～22℃. The viscosity value of creep tests is received, by means of interpolated and extrapolated method under any temperature between 15℃ to 25℃ in form of Weibull curves. The results of all tests show that the value of viscosity obtained from creep tests is closer to reality than that of falling ball tests. The viscosity obtained from two methods can mainly satisfy the requirement of quantitative simulatition of multi-layer tectonic deformation.
引文
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[2 3] 李建国 ,周永胜 ,宋瑞卿 ,等 岩石圈塑性流动网络与多层构造变形的物理模拟[J] .地震地质 ,1 997,1 9(3) :2 4 8～2 57.
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[2 7] 巴顿 .涂料流动和颜料分散 [A] .流变学方法探讨涂料及油墨工艺学 [C] .虞兆年等译 .北京 :化学工业出版社 ,1 988.
[2 8] 内尔康著 .力学与物质的性质 [M] .倪锄非译 .北京 :科学出版社 ,1 983 .
[2 9] 生井武文 ,井上雅弘著 .粘性流体力学 [M] .伊增欣译 北京 :海洋出版社 ,1 984
[2 ] FossenRH ,Gabrielsen.Experimentalmodelingofextensionalfaultsystemsbyuseofplaster[J] .JourofStructGeol,1 996 ,1 8(5) :673～ 687.
[3] MandalN ,ChattopadhyayA .Modesofreversereactivationofdomino-typenormalfaults:experimentalandtheoreticalapproach[J] .JourofStructGeol,1 995 ,1 7(8) :1 1 51～ 1 1 63 .
[4] TapponnierP ,PeltzerP .PropagatingextrusiontectonicsinAsia:Newinsightsfromsimpleexperimentswithplasticine[J] .Geology,1 982 ,(1 0 ) :61 1～ 61 6 .
[5] PeltzerG ,TapponnierP .Formationandevolutionofstrike-slipfaults,rifts,andbasinsduringtheIndia-Asiacollision:anexperimentalapproagh[J] .JGR ,1 988,93(B1 2 ) :1 5 0 85～ 1 5 1 1 7.
[6] DavyPh ,CobboldPR .Experimentsonshorteningofa 4-layermodelofthecontinentallithosphere[J] .Tectonophysics,1 991 ,1 88:1～ 2 5 .
[7] 钟嘉猷 .青藏高原构造特征与邻区受力状况 [J] .地震地质 ,1 988,1 0 (3) :67～ 87.
[8] RichardP ,CobboldPR .Experimentsonfaultreactivationinstrike -slipmode[J] .Tectonophysics,1 991a,1 88:1 1 7～ 1 31 .
[9] RichardP ,CobboldPR .Experimentsonsimultaneousfaultingandfoldingaboveabasementlistricfault[J] .Tectonophysics,1 991b ,1 88:1 33～ 1 4 1 .
[1 0 ] TronV ,BrunJ.Experimentsonobliqueriftinginbrittle-ductilesystems[J] .Tectonophysics,1 991 ,1 88:71～ 84.
[1 1 ] BurgJP .Shorteningofanaloguemodelsofthecontinentallithosphere:NewhypothesisfortheformationoftheTibetanplateau[J] .Tectonics,1 994,1 3(2 ) :475～ 483 .
[1 2 ] FaccennaC .Theinfluenceofpre-existingthrustfaultsonnormalfaultgeometryinnatureandinexperi ments[J] .JourofStructGeol,1 995 ,1 7(8) :1 1 39～1 1 4 9.
[1 3] HigginsLB ,Harris.Theeffectofcovercompositiononextensionalfaultingabovere -activatedbase mentfaults:resultsfromanaloguemodeling[J] .JourofStructGeol,1 997,1 9(1 ) :89～ 98.
[1 4 ] KincaidC ,OlsonP .Anexperimentalstudyofsubdutingslabmigration[J] .JGR ,1 987,92 :1 3 831～ 1 3840 .[1 5] ShemendaAI.Horizontallithospherecompressionandsubduction :constraintsprovidedbyphysicalmod eling[J] .JGR ,1 992 ,97(B7) :1 1 0 97～1 1 1 1 6 .
[1 6] ShemendaAI,GrocholskyAL .Physicalmodelingoflithospheresubductionincollisionzones[J] .Tectonophysics,1 992 ,2 1 6 :2 73～ 2 90 .
[1 7] 丁振森主编 .林产工业手册 [M] .北京 :中国林业出版社 ,1 980 .
[1 8] 李齐贤 .松香加工工艺 [M] .北京 :中国林业出版社 ,1 988.
[1 9] Ramberger.Gravitydeformationandtheearth′scrust[M] .London:AcademicPress,1 981 .
[2 0 ] CobboldPR ,JacksonMPA .Gumrosin (colophony) :asuitablematerialforthermochemicalmodelingofthelithosphere[J] .Tectonophysics,1 992 ,2 1 0 :2 55～ 2 71 .
[2 1 ] 李建国 ,宋瑞卿 ,王绳祖 .几种固体材料脆延性转变和微观结构的实验研究 [J] .地球物理进展 ,1 993 ,8(4) :70～ 80 .
[2 2 ] 李建国 ,宋瑞卿 ,王绳祖 .板块内部塑性流动网络的物理模拟 [A] .见 :中国地震学会编 .地震学会第五次学术大会论文摘要集 [C] .北京 :地震出版社 ,1 994.87.
[2 3] 李建国 ,周永胜 ,宋瑞卿 ,等 岩石圈塑性流动网络与多层构造变形的物理模拟[J] .地震地质 ,1 997,1 9(3) :2 4 8～2 57.
[2 4 ] 李建国 ,周永胜 ,王绳祖 .中东亚大陆塑性流动网络控制下构造变形的物理模拟 [J] .地震地质 ,1 998,2 0 (1 ) :63～ 72 .
[2 5] 周永胜 .渤海湾新生代盆地构造变形机制及其物理模拟研究 [D] .北京 :国家地震局地质研究所 ,1 997
[2 6] 尼尔生 .聚合物流变学 [M] .范庆容等译 .北京 :科学出版社 ,1 983 .
[2 7] 巴顿 .涂料流动和颜料分散 [A] .流变学方法探讨涂料及油墨工艺学 [C] .虞兆年等译 .北京 :化学工业出版社 ,1 988.
[2 8] 内尔康著 .力学与物质的性质 [M] .倪锄非译 .北京 :科学出版社 ,1 983 .
[2 9] 生井武文 ,井上雅弘著 .粘性流体力学 [M] .伊增欣译 北京 :海洋出版社 ,1 984
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