碳酸钙和淀粉对聚乙烯薄膜降解性能影响研究
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摘要
目的:研究淀粉和CaCO3对塑料薄膜的降解影响。方法:将CaCO3填充膜和淀粉填充膜经自然曝露、紫外线照射和土埋处理,测试拉伸强度、断裂伸长率和分子量的变化。结果:自然曝露30d,CaCO3填充膜和淀粉填充薄膜的平均拉伸强度分别下降80.8%和54.4%,平均断裂伸长率分别下降99.4%和98.3%,分子量分别下降25.3%和13.8%;紫外光照120h,CaCO3填充薄膜和淀粉填充薄膜的平均拉伸强度分别下降14.7%和45.9%,断裂伸长率分别下降97.3%和97.0%,分子量分别下降66.7%和48.3%;土埋203d,CaCO3填充薄膜和淀粉填充薄膜的失重率分别为2.2%和15.0%。结论:CaCO3和淀粉均能加速聚乙烯塑料薄膜的降解,其中CaCO3的光降解性能方面优于淀粉,而淀粉的生物降解性能优于CaCO3。
The effects of calcium carbonate and starch on the degradation of polyethylene film were studied.Method:Films of PE/CaCO_3 and PE/starch were treated by natural weathering test,ultraviolet light irradiation test and soilburial test,then the tensile strength,breaking elongation and molecular weight were determined.Results: Exposing to natural weathering for 30d,the average tensile strength of the films of PE/CaCO_3 and PE/starch decreased 80.8%and 54.4%,the average breaking elongation decreased 99.4% and 98.3%,molecular weight decreased 25.3% and 13.8%,respectively.After ultraviolet light irradiation of 120 h,the average tensile strength of the films of PE/CaCO_3 and PE/starch decreased 14.7%and 45.9%,the average breaking elongation decreased 97.3% and 97.0%,molecular weight decreased 66.7% and 48.3%,respectively.Burying in soil for 203d,the weight loss of the films of PE/CaCO_3 and PE/starch decreased 2.2% and 15.0%.Conclusion:The degradation rate of polyethylene film could be increased by calcium carbonate and starch.The photo-degradation of PE/CaCO_3 was more than PE/starch whereas the bio-degradation of PE/starch was more than PE/CaCO_3.
The effects of calcium carbonate and starch on the degradation of polyethylene film were studied.Method:Films of PE/CaCO_3 and PE/starch were treated by natural weathering test,ultraviolet light irradiation test and soilburial test,then the tensile strength,breaking elongation and molecular weight were determined.Results: Exposing to natural weathering for 30d,the average tensile strength of the films of PE/CaCO_3 and PE/starch decreased 80.8%and 54.4%,the average breaking elongation decreased 99.4% and 98.3%,molecular weight decreased 25.3% and 13.8%,respectively.After ultraviolet light irradiation of 120 h,the average tensile strength of the films of PE/CaCO_3 and PE/starch decreased 14.7%and 45.9%,the average breaking elongation decreased 97.3% and 97.0%,molecular weight decreased 66.7% and 48.3%,respectively.Burying in soil for 203d,the weight loss of the films of PE/CaCO_3 and PE/starch decreased 2.2% and 15.0%.Conclusion:The degradation rate of polyethylene film could be increased by calcium carbonate and starch.The photo-degradation of PE/CaCO_3 was more than PE/starch whereas the bio-degradation of PE/starch was more than PE/CaCO_3.
引文
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[2]杨冬芝,胡平.淀粉基生物可降解塑料的制备和表征[J].塑料,2005,34(3):51-55.
[3]滕立军,王高升,曹敏,等.淀粉-聚乙烯生物降解塑料薄膜的性能研究[J].包装工程,2004,25(6):63-65.
[4]尹业平,周学永,文风.填充CaCO3光降解塑料制备及性能研究[J].湖北化工,2002,(5):9-10.
[5]文风,尹业平,周学永,等.PE-滑石粉复合降解薄膜制备与性能的研究[J].塑料,2004,33(6):47-49.
[6]Griffin G J L.Biodegradable plastics[P].Ger.:2322440,1973-11-29.
[7]林尚安,陆耘,梁兆熙.高分子化学[M].北京:科学出版社,1982.150;185.
[8]林宜超.含羧酸共生稀土光敏剂的低密度聚乙烯膜紫外光氧降解[J].高分子学报,1997,(2):231.
[9]夏炎.高分子科学简明教程[M].北京:科学出版社,1987.235-236.
[10]国家环境保护总局科技标准司.环境标志产品技术要求[S].包装制品,HJBZ12-2000.2000-03-10.
[11]万国江,王云鹏,白占国,等.碳酸盐岩与环境(卷一)[M].北京:地震出版社,1995.19-20.
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