尾矿料的动力特性试验研究
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摘要
通过对某铜矿的尾矿料进行动三轴和共振柱试验,研究了尾矿材料动力变形特性,提出了简单实用的孔隙水压力模型,给出了能更加准确地预测尾矿材料的动孔隙水压力的公式,并将其与Seed提出的预测公式进行了比较。在不同密度尾矿料的动三轴试验基础上,分析了相对密度对液化特性的影响,得出了相对密度小于70%时抗液化强度随相对密度的增加而明显增加的结论。在不同围压下进行动三轴试验,结果表明:在相同的液化振次条件下,围压越高,动剪应力比越低。由共振柱试验可知,尾矿料的阻尼比随着动剪应变幅的增大而增大,而动剪模量随动剪应变幅的增大而减小,动剪模量和阻尼比与动剪应变幅的关系受围压影响不太敏感。
Through the dynamic triaxial tests and the resonant column apparatus tests of the tailings material taken from a copper mine,the dynamic deformation properties are studied.From the experiment results,a practical strain pore-water pressure model is given and a formula to forecast the dynamic pore-water pressure is presented.Compared with Seed’s forecast formula,the formula can forecast the dynamic pore-water pressure of saturated tailings material more precisely.Based on the effect of different relative density on liquefaction property of tailings material,a conclusion is drawn that the liquefaction strength will obviously increase with the increase of relative density before the relative density is less than 70%.From the dynamic triaxial tests with different confining pressures,it is found that the dynamic shear stress ratio is less while the confining pressure is more in the condition of the same vibration times.Through the resonant column apparatus tests,it can be found that the damping ratio will increase with the dynamic shear strain increases,while dynamic shear modulus will decrease at the same time.And another conclusion that the relationship between dynamic shear modulus and damping ratio with dynamic shear strain is not sensitive to the confining pressure can be drawn.
Through the dynamic triaxial tests and the resonant column apparatus tests of the tailings material taken from a copper mine,the dynamic deformation properties are studied.From the experiment results,a practical strain pore-water pressure model is given and a formula to forecast the dynamic pore-water pressure is presented.Compared with Seed’s forecast formula,the formula can forecast the dynamic pore-water pressure of saturated tailings material more precisely.Based on the effect of different relative density on liquefaction property of tailings material,a conclusion is drawn that the liquefaction strength will obviously increase with the increase of relative density before the relative density is less than 70%.From the dynamic triaxial tests with different confining pressures,it is found that the dynamic shear stress ratio is less while the confining pressure is more in the condition of the same vibration times.Through the resonant column apparatus tests,it can be found that the damping ratio will increase with the dynamic shear strain increases,while dynamic shear modulus will decrease at the same time.And another conclusion that the relationship between dynamic shear modulus and damping ratio with dynamic shear strain is not sensitive to the confining pressure can be drawn.
引文
[1]王凤江.上游法高尾矿坝的抗震问题[J].冶金矿山设计与建设,2001,(5):10-13.WANG Feng-jiang.Anti-seismic problem of tall tailings dam constructed with upstream method[J].Metal Mine Design and Construction,2001,(5):10-13.
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[7]阎金安,王武林.尾矿砂的动力特性研究[J].岩土力学,1990,(4):69-74.YAN Jin-an,WANG Wu-ling.Study on dynamic properties of tailings sands[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,1990,(4):69-74.
[8]辛鸿博,王余庆.中国尾矿坝地震安全度(9):大石河尾矿粘性土的动力变形和强度特征[J].工业建筑,1995,(2):38-42.XIN Hong-bo,WANG Yu-qing.Earthquake safety of Chinese tailings dam(9):cyclic deformation and strength of dashihe slimes[J].Industrial Construction,1995,(2):38-42.
[9]王余庆,辛鸿博.中国尾矿坝地震安全度(10):用动单剪仪研究大石河尾矿砂的动特性[J].工业建筑,1995,(3):37-40.WANG Yu-qing,XIN Hong-bo.Earthquake safety of Chinese tailings dam(10):cyclic simple shear behavior of diashihe tailings sands[J].Industrial Construction,1995,(3):37-40.
[10]SL237 1999,土工试验规程[S].
[11]谢定义.土动力学[M].西安:西安交通大学出版社,1988.
[12]Seed H B,Lee K L,Idriss I M,et al.The slides in the San Fernando Dams during the earthquake of February 9,1971[J].Journal of Geothechnical Engineering,1975,101(GT7):637-652.
[2]Vick S G.Risk based approach to seismic stability and Inundation Hazard for upstream tailings dams[A].Proceedings of International Symposium on Safety and Rehabilitation of Tailings Dams[C].Sydney:[s.n.],1990.
[3]阮元成,郭新.饱和尾矿料动力变形特性的试验研究[J].水利学报,2003,(4):24-29.RUAN Yuan-cheng,GUO Xin.Experimental study on dynamic deformation properties of saturated tailings material[J].Journal of Hydraulic Engineering,2003,(4):24-29.
[4]王武林,杨春和,阎金安.某铅锌矿尾矿坝工程勘察与稳定性分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报,1992,11(4):332-344.WANG Wu-lin,YANG Chun-he,YAN Jin-an.Engineering exploration and stability analysis of the tailings dam of a lead-znic mine[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,1992,11(4):332-344.
[5]张超,杨春和,孔令伟.某铜矿尾砂力学特性研究和稳定性分析[J].岩土力学,2003,24(5):858-862.ZHANG Chao,YANG Chun-he,KONG Ling-wei.Study on mechanics characteristics of tailingsands of a copper mine and stability and alysis of tailings dam[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2003,24(5):858-862.
[6]李万升,高建生,王治平.中国尾矿坝地震安全度(8):大石河尾矿砂的力学特性试验研究[J].工业建筑,1995,(1):43-47.LI Wan-sheng,GAO Jian-sheng,WANG Zhi-ping.Earthquake safety of Chinese tailings dam(8):mechanics characteristics studies on dashihe tailings sands[J].Industrial Construction,1995(2):38-42.
[7]阎金安,王武林.尾矿砂的动力特性研究[J].岩土力学,1990,(4):69-74.YAN Jin-an,WANG Wu-ling.Study on dynamic properties of tailings sands[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,1990,(4):69-74.
[8]辛鸿博,王余庆.中国尾矿坝地震安全度(9):大石河尾矿粘性土的动力变形和强度特征[J].工业建筑,1995,(2):38-42.XIN Hong-bo,WANG Yu-qing.Earthquake safety of Chinese tailings dam(9):cyclic deformation and strength of dashihe slimes[J].Industrial Construction,1995,(2):38-42.
[9]王余庆,辛鸿博.中国尾矿坝地震安全度(10):用动单剪仪研究大石河尾矿砂的动特性[J].工业建筑,1995,(3):37-40.WANG Yu-qing,XIN Hong-bo.Earthquake safety of Chinese tailings dam(10):cyclic simple shear behavior of diashihe tailings sands[J].Industrial Construction,1995,(3):37-40.
[10]SL237 1999,土工试验规程[S].
[11]谢定义.土动力学[M].西安:西安交通大学出版社,1988.
[12]Seed H B,Lee K L,Idriss I M,et al.The slides in the San Fernando Dams during the earthquake of February 9,1971[J].Journal of Geothechnical Engineering,1975,101(GT7):637-652.
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