动力扰动下深部高应力矿柱力学响应研究
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摘要
对深部矿柱在承受高静载应力时的动力扰动力学模型进行应力波传播力学响应分析,采用FLAC3D有限差分程序对深部开采圆形矿柱进行高应力下动力扰动数值计算。研究高径比为4的圆形矿柱在承受不同静载作用时对动力扰动的力学响应特性,通过改变矿柱所受静载应力的大小,来考察承压不同的矿柱对外界动力扰动的响应情况;通过改变扰动应力波峰值的大小,来考察动力扰动强度的变化对承受高应力矿柱稳定性的影响。矿柱的数值分析结果表明:承受高应力的岩体,随着所受初始静载应力的增大,外界的动力扰动对其影响就越明显;承受高静载应力的矿柱,较小的动力扰动可能会使其发生塑性破坏而导致深部开采时的“多米诺骨牌”效应。
The mechanical response of highly-stressed pillars under the propagation of stress wave in deep mining is discussed by assuming that the pillars are disturbed by different peak values of dynamic stress.By using an explicit finite difference program FLAC3D,a model of numerical calculation is established for a deep mining pillar with dynamic disturbance under high stress.A cylinder pillar with a ratio of 4 between height and diameter is studied in the numerical calculation processes.The dynamic response characters of the pillar are obtained by changing the preloaded static stress.And then the effect of disturbance intensity on the stability of highly-stressed pillars is reflected by changing the different peak value of the dynamic stress wave.Through the numerical analysis of the pillar in deep mining,it is found that the stability of high stress rock mass is more distinctly influenced by the outside dynamic disturbance with the original static stress increased.Especially when the pillar is endured very high static stress,even a small dynamic disturbance may lead to its plastic destroying and result in a domino effect in the deep mining.
The mechanical response of highly-stressed pillars under the propagation of stress wave in deep mining is discussed by assuming that the pillars are disturbed by different peak values of dynamic stress.By using an explicit finite difference program FLAC3D,a model of numerical calculation is established for a deep mining pillar with dynamic disturbance under high stress.A cylinder pillar with a ratio of 4 between height and diameter is studied in the numerical calculation processes.The dynamic response characters of the pillar are obtained by changing the preloaded static stress.And then the effect of disturbance intensity on the stability of highly-stressed pillars is reflected by changing the different peak value of the dynamic stress wave.Through the numerical analysis of the pillar in deep mining,it is found that the stability of high stress rock mass is more distinctly influenced by the outside dynamic disturbance with the original static stress increased.Especially when the pillar is endured very high static stress,even a small dynamic disturbance may lead to its plastic destroying and result in a domino effect in the deep mining.
引文
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[17]Itasca Consulting GroupI,nc..FLAC3D user′s guide(Version 2.1)[R].[S.l.]:Itasca Consulting Group,Inc.,2002.
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[2]古德生,李夕兵.金属矿山深部开采中的科学问题[C]//香山科学会议第175次学术讨论会.北京:[s.n.],2001.(GU Desheng,LI Xibing.Scientific problems of deep mining in metal mines[C]//Xiangshan Science Congress of the 175th Academic Colloquium.Beijing:[s.n.],2001.(in Chinese))
[3]何满潮,谢和平,彭苏萍,等.深部开采岩体力学研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2005,24(16):2 803–2 813.(HE Manchao,XIE Heping,PENG Suping,et al.Study on rock mechanics in deep mining engineering[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2005,24(16):2 803–2 813.(in Chinese))
[4]李夕兵,古德生.深井坚硬矿岩开采中高应力的灾害控制与破碎诱变[C]//科学前沿与未来(第6集).北京:中国环境科学出版社,2002:101–108.(LI Xibing,GU Desheng.The hazard control and cataclastic mutagenesis induced by high stress in hard rock mining at depth[C]//Science Foreland and Future(Volume 6).Beijing:China Environmental Science Press,2002:101–108.(in Chinese))
[5]潘岳,王志强.岩体动力失稳的功、能增量——突变理论研究方法[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2004,23(9):1 433–1 438.(PAN Yue,WANG Zhiqiang.Research approach on increment of work and energy—catastrophe theory of rock dynamic destabilization[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2004,23(9):1 433–1 438.(in Chinese))
[6]徐曾和,徐小荷.柱式开采岩爆发生条件与时间效应的尖点突变[J].中国有色金属学报,1997,7(2):17–23.(XU Zenghe,XU Xiaohe.Cusp cartastrophe of occurrence conditions and hysteresis of rock bursts in pillar workings[J].The Chinese Journal of Nonferrous Metals,1997,7(2):17–23.(in Chinese))
[7]王学滨.屈服矿柱渐进破坏及应力分布数值模拟[J].中国地质灾害与防治学报,2006,17(2):50–56.(WANG Xuebin.Numerical simulation of progressive failure and stress distribution of yield pillar[J].The Chinese Journal of Geological Hazard and Control,2006,17(2):50–56.(in Chinese))
[8]李江腾,曹平.硬岩矿柱纵向劈裂失稳突变理论分析[J].中南大学学报(自然科学版),2006,37(2):371–375.(LI Jiangteng,CAO Ping.Analysis of pillar stability in hard rock mass by longitudinal splitting based on catastrophe theory[J].Journal of Central South University(Science and Technology),2006,37(2):371–375.(in Chinese))
[9]左宇军,李夕兵,赵国彦.受静载作用的岩石动态断裂的突变模型[J].煤炭学报,2004,29(6):654–658.(ZUO Yujun,LI Xibing,ZHAO Guoyan.A catastrophe model for dynamic fracture of static loaded rock[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2004,29(6):654–658.(in Chinese))
[10]左宇军,李夕兵,马春德,等.动静组合载荷作用下岩石失稳破坏的突变理论模型与试验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2005,24(5):741–746.(ZUO Yujun,LI Xibing,MA Chunde,et al.Catastrophic model and testing study on failure of static loading rock system under dynamic loading[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2005,24(5):741–746.(in Chinese))
[11]MARTIN C D,MAYBEE W G.The strength of hard-rock pillars[J].International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences,2000,37(8):1 239–1 246
[12]HENRY BOGERT,JUNG S J,LIM H W.Room and pillar stope design in highly fractured area[J].International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences,1997,34(3):674.
[13]杨桂通,熊祝华.塑性动力学[M].北京:清华大学出版社,1984.(YANG Guitong,XIONG Zhuhua.Plastic dynamics[M].Beijing:Tsinghua University Press,1984.(in Chinese))
[14]王礼立.应力波基础[M].北京:国防工业出版社,2005.(WANG Lili.Foundation of stress wave[M].Beijing:National Defense Industry Press,2005.(in Chinese))
[15]朱维申,李晓静,郭彦双,等.地下大型洞室群稳定性的系统性研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2004,23(10):1 689–1 693.(ZHU Weishen,LI Xiaojing,GUO Yanshuang,et al.Systematical study on stability of large underground houses[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2004,23(10):1 689–1 693.(in Chinese))
[16]闫长斌,徐国元,李夕兵.爆破震动对采空区稳定性影响的FLAC3D分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2005,24(16):2 894–2 899.(YAN Changbin,XU Guoyuan,LI Xibing.Stability analysis of mined-out areas influenced by blasting vibration with FLAC3D[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2005,24(16):2 894–2 899.(in Chinese))
[17]Itasca Consulting GroupI,nc..FLAC3D user′s guide(Version 2.1)[R].[S.l.]:Itasca Consulting Group,Inc.,2002.
[18]龙源,冯长根,徐全军,等.爆破地震波在岩石介质中传播特性与数值计算研究[J].工程爆破,2000,6(3):1–7.(LONG Yuan,FENG Changgen,XU Quanjun,et al.Study on propagation characteristics of blasting seismic waves in a rock medium and numerical calculation[J].Engineering Blasting,2000,6(3):1–7.(in Chinese))
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