基于射线追踪方法的煤层地震响应特征
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摘要
在煤田开采的过程中,煤层厚度和构造等因素往往制约着煤矿的生产效率,在开采前对于这些因素的探测对于实际生产具有十分重要的指导意义。结合实际地质情况,建立对应的正演模型,在射线追踪的理论基础上,分别研究了煤层厚度、断层、陷落柱因素下,煤层地震勘探上的反射机制与响应特征。结果表明:煤层厚度在时间域可识别厚度为1/4λ;断层、陷落柱在地震记录存在典型断面波、绕射波特征。煤层地震响应的研究为实际勘探的反演解释提供参考,为后期的煤炭开采提供了理论依据与实际指导。
In the process of coal mining,coal thickness and structural factors often restrict the production efficiency of coal mine. Before mining,the detection of these factors has important guiding significance for practical production. Combined with the actual geological conditions,the authors established a forward model. Based on the ray tracing theory,the authors studied factors such as coal thickness,fault and collapse column in the coal seismic exploration of reflection mechanism and response characteristics. The results show that,for the thickness of coal seam in the time domain,the thickness of 1 /4 lambda can be identified,and that fault and collapse column in the seismic record is a typical section of wave,with characteristics of diffraction. The seismic response of the coal seam provides a reference for practical exploration of the inversion explanation and also provide a theoretical basis and practical guidance for the coal mining in the late stage.
In the process of coal mining,coal thickness and structural factors often restrict the production efficiency of coal mine. Before mining,the detection of these factors has important guiding significance for practical production. Combined with the actual geological conditions,the authors established a forward model. Based on the ray tracing theory,the authors studied factors such as coal thickness,fault and collapse column in the coal seismic exploration of reflection mechanism and response characteristics. The results show that,for the thickness of coal seam in the time domain,the thickness of 1 /4 lambda can be identified,and that fault and collapse column in the seismic record is a typical section of wave,with characteristics of diffraction. The seismic response of the coal seam provides a reference for practical exploration of the inversion explanation and also provide a theoretical basis and practical guidance for the coal mining in the late stage.
引文
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[11]杨德义,王贇,王辉.陷落柱的绕射波[J].石油物探,2000,39(4):82-86.
[2]徐果明,卫山,高尔根,等.二维复杂介质的块状建模及射线追踪[J].石油地球物理勘探,2001,36(2):213-219,262.
[3]张钋,刘洪,李幼铭.射线追踪方法的发展现状[J].地球物理学进展,2000,15(1):36-45.
[4]张建中,陈世军,余大祥.最短路径射线追踪方法及其改进[J].地球物理学进展,2003,18(1):146-150.
[5]王辉,常旭.基于图形结构的三维射线追踪方法[J].地球物理学报,2000,43(4):534-541.
[6]裴正林,牟永光.地震波传播数值模拟[J].地球物理学进展,2004,19(4):933-941.
[7]王向前,王昀.射线追踪数值模拟方法研究及效果分析[J].断块油气田,2008,15(4):44-47.
[8]朱介寿.地震学中的计算方法[M].北京:地震出版社,1988:603-630.
[9]陆基孟.地震勘探原理[M].北京:石油大学出版社,2009:183-185.
[10]云美厚,丁伟.地震分辨力新认识[J].石油地球物理勘探,2005,40(5):131-136.
[11]杨德义,王贇,王辉.陷落柱的绕射波[J].石油物探,2000,39(4):82-86.