基于GIS的地震灾情速报与快速判定
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摘要
灾情快速获取是震后应急的关键,研究了一种基于GIS和GSM的震后灾情快速上报与判定方法。该方法通过建立灾情速报员网,为灾情速报提供基础。从宏观的角度,在参考地震烈度表的基础上,实现了对历史灾情的分解和描述,建立了简洁的、便于交互的灾情短信代码。阐述了灾情短信网关的构建方法,实现了灾情短信的群发与群收。通过对灾情短信的解析,论述了基于GIS的灾情范围的动态绘制与快速判断。最后,结合南京市基础地理信息,建设了南京市地震灾情速报系统,该系统在实际地震检验中取得了较好的效果。
It is very important for earthquake emergency to quickly acquire disaster information.A GIS and GSM based earthquake disaster information reporting and estimation method was studied in this paper.In this method,an earthquake disaster information reporter network was established,which is the foundation of earthquake disaster quickly reporting.From macroscopical view,description and decomposition of historical disaster information were realized,and compact and convenient disaster information short message codes were designed.Then,discuss was placed on earthquake SMS gate establishment method and earthquake disaster information short messages massively sending and receiving were realized.Through parsing the disaster short messages,GIS based dynamic drawing disaster range and estimating disaster information were expounded.Finally,using Nanjing fundamental GIS information,Nanjing earthquake disaster quickly reporting system is built,and the system gets good result in a real earthquake application.
It is very important for earthquake emergency to quickly acquire disaster information.A GIS and GSM based earthquake disaster information reporting and estimation method was studied in this paper.In this method,an earthquake disaster information reporter network was established,which is the foundation of earthquake disaster quickly reporting.From macroscopical view,description and decomposition of historical disaster information were realized,and compact and convenient disaster information short message codes were designed.Then,discuss was placed on earthquake SMS gate establishment method and earthquake disaster information short messages massively sending and receiving were realized.Through parsing the disaster short messages,GIS based dynamic drawing disaster range and estimating disaster information were expounded.Finally,using Nanjing fundamental GIS information,Nanjing earthquake disaster quickly reporting system is built,and the system gets good result in a real earthquake application.
引文
[1]马宗晋.中国的地震减灾系统工程[J].灾害学,2005,20(2):1-5.
[2]Federal Emergency Management Agency(FEMA).Guide for All Hazard Emergency Operations Planning[M].1996,FEMA,Wash-ington DC,USA.
[3]王晓青,魏成阶,苗崇刚,等.震害遥感快速提取研究—以2003年2月24日巴楚—伽师6.8级地震为例[J].地学前缘,2003,10(特刊):285-291.
[4]王龙.基于遥感影像的地震灾害损失评估方法研究与实现[D].北京:中国地震局地震预测研究所,2007.
[5]张桂芳,单新建,尹京苑,等.单幅高空间分辨率卫星图像提取建筑物三维信息的方法研究[J].地震地质,2007,29(1):181-187.
[6]张景发,谢礼立,陶夏新.典型震害遥感图像的模型分析[J].自然灾害学报,2001,10(2):89-95.
[7]张景发,谢礼立,陶夏新.建筑物震害遥感图象的变化检测与震害评估[J].自然灾害学报,2002,11(2):59-64.
[8]柳稼航,杨建峰,魏成阶,等.震害信息遥感获取技术历史、现状和趋势[J].自然灾害学报,2004,13(6):46-52.
[9]国家质量技术监督局,GB/T17742-1999.中国地震烈度表[S].1999.
[10]郭辉.基于GSM/SMS的短信平台及其应用系统的设计与实现[D].南京:东南大学,2006.
[11]李俊飞.GSM模块短信功能的二次开发与应用[D].天津:天津科技大学,2005.
[12]杨燕,邓民宪,徐敬海.基于DTM的等震线计算机辅助绘制[J].防灾科技学院学报,2007,9(4):21-23.
[2]Federal Emergency Management Agency(FEMA).Guide for All Hazard Emergency Operations Planning[M].1996,FEMA,Wash-ington DC,USA.
[3]王晓青,魏成阶,苗崇刚,等.震害遥感快速提取研究—以2003年2月24日巴楚—伽师6.8级地震为例[J].地学前缘,2003,10(特刊):285-291.
[4]王龙.基于遥感影像的地震灾害损失评估方法研究与实现[D].北京:中国地震局地震预测研究所,2007.
[5]张桂芳,单新建,尹京苑,等.单幅高空间分辨率卫星图像提取建筑物三维信息的方法研究[J].地震地质,2007,29(1):181-187.
[6]张景发,谢礼立,陶夏新.典型震害遥感图像的模型分析[J].自然灾害学报,2001,10(2):89-95.
[7]张景发,谢礼立,陶夏新.建筑物震害遥感图象的变化检测与震害评估[J].自然灾害学报,2002,11(2):59-64.
[8]柳稼航,杨建峰,魏成阶,等.震害信息遥感获取技术历史、现状和趋势[J].自然灾害学报,2004,13(6):46-52.
[9]国家质量技术监督局,GB/T17742-1999.中国地震烈度表[S].1999.
[10]郭辉.基于GSM/SMS的短信平台及其应用系统的设计与实现[D].南京:东南大学,2006.
[11]李俊飞.GSM模块短信功能的二次开发与应用[D].天津:天津科技大学,2005.
[12]杨燕,邓民宪,徐敬海.基于DTM的等震线计算机辅助绘制[J].防灾科技学院学报,2007,9(4):21-23.
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