隔震结构动力特性及响应对计算模型参数的敏感性研究
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摘要
双质点系计算模型是基础隔震结构简化计算理论研究中提出过的可以考虑高阶振型作用的一类实用模型。为了掌握基础隔震结构的动力特性及响应对这类简化计算模型参数的敏感性,该文利用"基础隔震结构的力学特点"和"每一质点所有振型参与向量和必须为一"的条件,研究了双质点系简化计算模型的动力特性及地震响应对于模型质量比、周期比的敏感性,推导了模型参数的简化算式及适用范围。并用一个工程实例验证了理论推导结果。结果表明:基础隔震结构双质点系简化计算模型的动力特性对模型质量比和周期比敏感,地震响应对模型质量比和周期比不敏感;不控制简化模型的质量比和周期比将导致由Kelly提出、李中锡等改进的第二振型阻尼比失真。
Double-mass simplified calculation model,with the consideration of higher mode effects,has been established as a practical calculation model in simplified calculation research of base-isolated structures.Sensitivities of seismic response and dynamic characteristics to mass ratio and period ratio of the double-mass simplified calculation model were calculated and illustrated based on two fundamental conditions: mechanical properties of base-isolated structures and the sum of mode-participation vectors of each mass point being 1.Furthermore,the application range of the simplified calculation model and relevant formulas were derived and analyzed.An eight-story base-isolated structure was taken as one numerical example to verify results of theoretical derivation involved.Results show that the sensitivity of seismic response to period ratio and mass ratio is not more significant than that of dynamic characteristics;and the secondary modal damping ratio,obtained from formulas proposed by Kelly and later improved by scholars such as Li Zhongxi,may be seriously apart from the suitable period ratio and mass ratio of simplified calculation model.
Double-mass simplified calculation model,with the consideration of higher mode effects,has been established as a practical calculation model in simplified calculation research of base-isolated structures.Sensitivities of seismic response and dynamic characteristics to mass ratio and period ratio of the double-mass simplified calculation model were calculated and illustrated based on two fundamental conditions: mechanical properties of base-isolated structures and the sum of mode-participation vectors of each mass point being 1.Furthermore,the application range of the simplified calculation model and relevant formulas were derived and analyzed.An eight-story base-isolated structure was taken as one numerical example to verify results of theoretical derivation involved.Results show that the sensitivity of seismic response to period ratio and mass ratio is not more significant than that of dynamic characteristics;and the secondary modal damping ratio,obtained from formulas proposed by Kelly and later improved by scholars such as Li Zhongxi,may be seriously apart from the suitable period ratio and mass ratio of simplified calculation model.
引文
[1]James M Kelly.Earthquake resistant design with rubber.[M].2nd ed.London:Alden Press,1993.
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[3]苏经宇,韩淼,周锡元,曾德民.橡胶支座基础隔震建筑地震作用实用计算方法[J].振动工程学报,1999,12(2):229―236.Su Jingyu,Han Miao,Zhou Xiyuan,Zeng Demin.The practical calculating method of equivalent seismic action of base isolation building using rubber bearings[J].Journal of Vibration Engineering,1999,12(2):229―236.(in Chinese)
[4]李中锡,周锡元.规则型隔震房屋的自振特性和地震反应分析方法[J].地震工程与工程振动,2002,22(2):33―41.Li Zhongxi,Zhou Xiyuan.Simplified analysis method of seismically isolated regular building[J].Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration,2002,22(2):33―41.(in Chinese)
[5]何文福,霍达,刘文光,李婕,冯德民.长周期隔震结构的地震反应分析[J].北京工业大学学报,2008,34(4):391―397.He Wenfu,Huo Da,Liu Wenguang,Li Jie,Feng Demin.Study on long period portion of acceleration design spectra[J].Journal of Beijing University of Technology,2008,34(4):391―397.(in Chinese)
[6]刘文光,何文福,霍达,付伟庆.大高宽比隔震结构双向输入振动台试验及数值分析[J].北京工业大学学报,2007,33(6):597―602,612.Liu Wenguang,He Wenfu,Huo Da,Fu Weiqing.Shaking table test and numerical analysis for large aspect ratio isolated structure under bi-directional earthquake input[J].Journal of Beijing University of Technology,2007,33(6):597―602,612.(in Chinese)
[7]周福霖.工程结构减震控制[M].北京:地震出版社,1996:140―156.Zhou Fulin.Engineering structural seismic control[M].Beijing:Seismic Press,1996:140―156.(in Chinese)
[8]刘文光,闫维明,霍达,周福霖,三山刚史,冯德民,增畦司.塔型隔震结构多质点系计算模型及振动台试验研究[J].土木工程学报,2003,36(5):64―70.Liu Wenguang,Yan Weiming,Huo Da,Zhou Fulin,Miyama T,Feng Demin,Masuda K.Computation model and shaking table test for isolated MDOF tower structure[J].China Civil Engineering Journal,2003,36(5):64―70.(in Chinese)
[9]刘文光.橡胶隔震支座力学性能及隔震结构地震反应分析研究[D].北京:北京工业大学,2003:172―211.Liu Wenguang.Mechanics properties of rubber bearings and earthquake response analysis of isolated structures[D].Beijing:Beijing Institute of Technology University,2003:172―211.(in Chinese)
[10]付伟庆,刘文光,王建,王焕定.高层隔震结构的等效简化模型研究[J].地震工程与工程振动,2005,25(6):141―145.Fu Weiqing,Liu Wenguang,Wang Jian,Wang Huanding.Research on equivalent simplified model of high-rise isolated structure[J].Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration,2005,25(6):141―145.(in Chinese)
[11]王焕定,付伟庆,刘文光,于德湖,程树良.规则隔震结构等效简化模型的研究[J].工程力学,2006,23(8):138―143.Wang Huanding,Fu Weiqing,Liu Wenguang,Yu Dehu,Cheng Shuliang.Research on equivalent simplified model of regular shock-insulation building[J].Engineering Mechanics,2006,23(8):138―143.(in Chinese)
[12]GB50011-2001,建筑抗震设计规范[S].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2001.GB50011-2001,Code for Seismic design of buildings[S].Beijing:China Architecture and Building Press,2001.(in Chinese)
[2]Skinner R I,Robinson W H,Mcverry G H.工程隔震概论[M].谢礼立,周雍年,赵兴权,译.北京:地震出版社,1996.Skinner R I,Robinson W H,Mcverry G H.Overview of engineering isolation[M].translated by Xie Lili,Zhou Yongnian,Zhao Xingquan.Beijing:Seismic Press,1996.(in Chinese)
[3]苏经宇,韩淼,周锡元,曾德民.橡胶支座基础隔震建筑地震作用实用计算方法[J].振动工程学报,1999,12(2):229―236.Su Jingyu,Han Miao,Zhou Xiyuan,Zeng Demin.The practical calculating method of equivalent seismic action of base isolation building using rubber bearings[J].Journal of Vibration Engineering,1999,12(2):229―236.(in Chinese)
[4]李中锡,周锡元.规则型隔震房屋的自振特性和地震反应分析方法[J].地震工程与工程振动,2002,22(2):33―41.Li Zhongxi,Zhou Xiyuan.Simplified analysis method of seismically isolated regular building[J].Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration,2002,22(2):33―41.(in Chinese)
[5]何文福,霍达,刘文光,李婕,冯德民.长周期隔震结构的地震反应分析[J].北京工业大学学报,2008,34(4):391―397.He Wenfu,Huo Da,Liu Wenguang,Li Jie,Feng Demin.Study on long period portion of acceleration design spectra[J].Journal of Beijing University of Technology,2008,34(4):391―397.(in Chinese)
[6]刘文光,何文福,霍达,付伟庆.大高宽比隔震结构双向输入振动台试验及数值分析[J].北京工业大学学报,2007,33(6):597―602,612.Liu Wenguang,He Wenfu,Huo Da,Fu Weiqing.Shaking table test and numerical analysis for large aspect ratio isolated structure under bi-directional earthquake input[J].Journal of Beijing University of Technology,2007,33(6):597―602,612.(in Chinese)
[7]周福霖.工程结构减震控制[M].北京:地震出版社,1996:140―156.Zhou Fulin.Engineering structural seismic control[M].Beijing:Seismic Press,1996:140―156.(in Chinese)
[8]刘文光,闫维明,霍达,周福霖,三山刚史,冯德民,增畦司.塔型隔震结构多质点系计算模型及振动台试验研究[J].土木工程学报,2003,36(5):64―70.Liu Wenguang,Yan Weiming,Huo Da,Zhou Fulin,Miyama T,Feng Demin,Masuda K.Computation model and shaking table test for isolated MDOF tower structure[J].China Civil Engineering Journal,2003,36(5):64―70.(in Chinese)
[9]刘文光.橡胶隔震支座力学性能及隔震结构地震反应分析研究[D].北京:北京工业大学,2003:172―211.Liu Wenguang.Mechanics properties of rubber bearings and earthquake response analysis of isolated structures[D].Beijing:Beijing Institute of Technology University,2003:172―211.(in Chinese)
[10]付伟庆,刘文光,王建,王焕定.高层隔震结构的等效简化模型研究[J].地震工程与工程振动,2005,25(6):141―145.Fu Weiqing,Liu Wenguang,Wang Jian,Wang Huanding.Research on equivalent simplified model of high-rise isolated structure[J].Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration,2005,25(6):141―145.(in Chinese)
[11]王焕定,付伟庆,刘文光,于德湖,程树良.规则隔震结构等效简化模型的研究[J].工程力学,2006,23(8):138―143.Wang Huanding,Fu Weiqing,Liu Wenguang,Yu Dehu,Cheng Shuliang.Research on equivalent simplified model of regular shock-insulation building[J].Engineering Mechanics,2006,23(8):138―143.(in Chinese)
[12]GB50011-2001,建筑抗震设计规范[S].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2001.GB50011-2001,Code for Seismic design of buildings[S].Beijing:China Architecture and Building Press,2001.(in Chinese)
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