地下结构抗震设计中的静力弹塑性分析方法
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摘要
首先介绍目前地下结构抗震分析方法存在的主要问题,在借鉴地上结构静力弹塑性分析方法思想的基础上,提出一种适用于地铁等地下结构抗震分析与设计使用的静力弹塑性方法。详细介绍该方法的实施步骤与特点,给出水平等效惯性加速度的求解方法。该方法概念清晰、操作简单,能够在不需要计算相互作用系数的情况下较好地模拟土-结构之间的动力相互作用;能够进行结构在地震作用下的全过程分析,给出地下结构在输入地震波作用下的峰值变形与内力,避免对土-结构整体模型进行复杂的动力相互作用分析。结合实际工程与基于黏弹性静-动力统一人工边界的静-动力联合分析方法进行对比研究,验证地下结构静力弹塑性分析方法的可靠性及良好的模拟精度,可以应用于地下结构的抗震分析与设计中。
Main problems of the methods currently used for seismic response analysis of underground structures are discussed. Then based on the static elasto-plastic methods for seismic analysis of superstructures, a similar method for seismic response analysis and design of underground structures is proposed. The implementation procedure and special features of the method are introduced in some details. Also included in the paper is a solution method of equivalent horizontal inertial acceleration which can analysze the soil-structure interactions under dynamic loading. The method presented is clear concept and easy for application. In fact, dynamic soil-structure interactions can be simulated well by the method without calculating the interaction coefficient. In addition, the method is capable of performing a whole range analysis of the super-structure, then provide the data input in terms of peak response and internal forces needed for the subsequent analysis of an underground structure under seismic loading. By doing so, one can avoid the complicated analysis of dynamic soil-structure interactions. Taking an actual subway station project as an example, the validity and good simulative accuracy of the method are verified by comparing with the static-dynamic coupling analysis method based on a unified viscous-spring boundary. The analysis results have shown that the method is suitable for seismic response analysis and design of underground structures.
Main problems of the methods currently used for seismic response analysis of underground structures are discussed. Then based on the static elasto-plastic methods for seismic analysis of superstructures, a similar method for seismic response analysis and design of underground structures is proposed. The implementation procedure and special features of the method are introduced in some details. Also included in the paper is a solution method of equivalent horizontal inertial acceleration which can analysze the soil-structure interactions under dynamic loading. The method presented is clear concept and easy for application. In fact, dynamic soil-structure interactions can be simulated well by the method without calculating the interaction coefficient. In addition, the method is capable of performing a whole range analysis of the super-structure, then provide the data input in terms of peak response and internal forces needed for the subsequent analysis of an underground structure under seismic loading. By doing so, one can avoid the complicated analysis of dynamic soil-structure interactions. Taking an actual subway station project as an example, the validity and good simulative accuracy of the method are verified by comparing with the static-dynamic coupling analysis method based on a unified viscous-spring boundary. The analysis results have shown that the method is suitable for seismic response analysis and design of underground structures.
引文
[1]于翔,陈启亮,赵跃堂,等.地下结构抗震研究方法及其现状[J].解放军理工大学学报,2000,1(5):63-69(Yu Xiang,Chen Qiliang,Zhao Yuetang,et al.The status quo and methods of antiseismic research of underground structure[J].Journal of PLA University of Science and Technology,2000,1(5):63-69(in Chinese))
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[3]Kuesel T R.Earthquake design criteria for subways[J].Journal of the Structural Division,Proceedings of the American Society of Civil Engineers,1969,(6):1213-1231
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[5]周健,苏燕,董鹏.软土地层地铁及地下构筑物抗震动力分析研究现状[J].地下空间,2003,23(2):173-178(Zhou Jian,Su Yan,Dong Peng.Current situation of research on earthquake resistance of subway and underground structures in soft soi[l J].Underground Space,2003,23(2):173-178(in Chinese))
[6]刘晶波,李彬.地铁地下结构抗震分析及设计中的几个关键问题[J].土木工程学报,2006,39(6):106-110(Liu Jingbo,Li Bin.Issues on the seismic analysis and design of subway structures[J].China Civil Engineering Journal,2006,39(6):106-110(in Chinese))
[7]李彬.地铁地下结构抗震理论分析与应用研究[D].北京:清华大学,2005(Li Bin.Theoretical analysis of seismic response ofunderground subwaystructures and its application[D].Beijing:Tsinghua University,2005(in Chinese))
[8]汪梦甫,周锡元.高层建筑结构抗震弹塑性分析方法及抗震性能评估的研究[J].土木工程学报,2003,36(11):44-49(Wang Mengfu,Zhou Xiyuan.Modified pushover analysis and seismic performance evaluation for tall building[J].China Civil Engineering Journal,2003,36(11):44-49(in Chinese))
[9]尹华伟,汪梦甫,周锡元.结构静力弹塑性分析方法的研究和改进[J].工程力学,2003,20(4):45-49(Yin Huawei,Wang Mengfu,Zhou Xiyuan.Studies and improvements on structural static pushover analysis method[J].Engineering Mechanics,2003,20(4):45-49(in Chinese))
[10]FEMA-274Guidelines and commentary for the seismic rehabilitation of building[s S]
[11]Idriss I M,Sun J I.SHAKE91:A computer program for conducting equivalent linear seismic response analysis of horizontallylayered soil deposits User’s Guide[.R].California:UniversityofCalifornia,Davis,1992
[12]Bardet J P,Ichii K,Lin C H.EERA:A computer program for equivalent-linear earthquake site response analysis of layered soil deposits user’s manual[R].Los Angeles:University of Southern California,2000
[13]李小军.非线性土层地震反应分析的一种方法[J].华南地震,1992,12(4):1-8(Li Xiaojun.A method for analysing seismic response of nonlinear soil layers[J].South China Journal ofSeismology,1992,12(4):1-8(in Chinese))
[14]曹炳政,罗奇峰,马硕,等.神户大开地铁车站的地震反应分析[J].地震工程与工程振动,2002,22(4):102-107(Cao Bingzheng,Luo Qifeng,Ma Shuo,et al.Seismic response analysis ofDaikai subwaystation in Hyogoken-nanbu earthquake[J].Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration,2002,22(4):102-107(in Chinese))
[15]刘晶波,吕彦东.结构-地基动力相互作用问题分析的一种直接方法[J].土木工程学报,1998,31(3):55-64(Liu Jingbo,LüYandong.A direct method for analysis of dynamic soil-structure interaction[J].China Civil Engineering Journal,1998,31(3):55-64(in Chinese))
[16]刘晶波,李彬.三维黏弹性静-动力统一人工边界[J].中国科学(E辑),2005,35(9):70-84(Liu Jingbo,Li Bin.A unified viscous-spring artificial boundary for3-D static and dynamic applications[J].Science in China(Series E),2005,48(5):570-584(in English))
[17]李彬,刘晶波.黏弹性人工边界在Marc中的实现[C]//第十四届全国结构工程学术会议论文集第I册.烟台:工程力学杂志社,2005(Li Bin,Liu Jingbo.Realization of viscous-spring artificial boundary in Marc[C]//Proceedings of the14th national conference on structural engineering.Yantai:Engineering Mechanics Press,2005(in Chinese))
[18]陆新征,缪志伟,江见鲸,等.静力和动力荷载作用下混凝土高层结构的倒塌模拟[J].山西地震,2006,(2):7-11(Lu Xinzheng,Miao Zhiwei,Jiang Jianjing,et al.Collapse simulation of high-rise structure of concrete under the action ofstaticanddynamicload[J].EarthquakeResearchinShanxi,2006,(2):7-11(in Chinese))
[2]福季耶娃,著.地震区地下结构支护的计算[M].徐显毅,译.北京:煤炭工业出版社,1986(Фотиева.Numerical analysis of underground structure supports in seismic region[M].Xu Xianyi,translated.Beijing:China Coal Industry Publishing House,1986(in Chinese))
[3]Kuesel T R.Earthquake design criteria for subways[J].Journal of the Structural Division,Proceedings of the American Society of Civil Engineers,1969,(6):1213-1231
[4]Hashash Y M A,Hook J J,Schmidt B,et al.Seismic design and analysis of underground structures[J].Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology,2001,16(4):247-293
[5]周健,苏燕,董鹏.软土地层地铁及地下构筑物抗震动力分析研究现状[J].地下空间,2003,23(2):173-178(Zhou Jian,Su Yan,Dong Peng.Current situation of research on earthquake resistance of subway and underground structures in soft soi[l J].Underground Space,2003,23(2):173-178(in Chinese))
[6]刘晶波,李彬.地铁地下结构抗震分析及设计中的几个关键问题[J].土木工程学报,2006,39(6):106-110(Liu Jingbo,Li Bin.Issues on the seismic analysis and design of subway structures[J].China Civil Engineering Journal,2006,39(6):106-110(in Chinese))
[7]李彬.地铁地下结构抗震理论分析与应用研究[D].北京:清华大学,2005(Li Bin.Theoretical analysis of seismic response ofunderground subwaystructures and its application[D].Beijing:Tsinghua University,2005(in Chinese))
[8]汪梦甫,周锡元.高层建筑结构抗震弹塑性分析方法及抗震性能评估的研究[J].土木工程学报,2003,36(11):44-49(Wang Mengfu,Zhou Xiyuan.Modified pushover analysis and seismic performance evaluation for tall building[J].China Civil Engineering Journal,2003,36(11):44-49(in Chinese))
[9]尹华伟,汪梦甫,周锡元.结构静力弹塑性分析方法的研究和改进[J].工程力学,2003,20(4):45-49(Yin Huawei,Wang Mengfu,Zhou Xiyuan.Studies and improvements on structural static pushover analysis method[J].Engineering Mechanics,2003,20(4):45-49(in Chinese))
[10]FEMA-274Guidelines and commentary for the seismic rehabilitation of building[s S]
[11]Idriss I M,Sun J I.SHAKE91:A computer program for conducting equivalent linear seismic response analysis of horizontallylayered soil deposits User’s Guide[.R].California:UniversityofCalifornia,Davis,1992
[12]Bardet J P,Ichii K,Lin C H.EERA:A computer program for equivalent-linear earthquake site response analysis of layered soil deposits user’s manual[R].Los Angeles:University of Southern California,2000
[13]李小军.非线性土层地震反应分析的一种方法[J].华南地震,1992,12(4):1-8(Li Xiaojun.A method for analysing seismic response of nonlinear soil layers[J].South China Journal ofSeismology,1992,12(4):1-8(in Chinese))
[14]曹炳政,罗奇峰,马硕,等.神户大开地铁车站的地震反应分析[J].地震工程与工程振动,2002,22(4):102-107(Cao Bingzheng,Luo Qifeng,Ma Shuo,et al.Seismic response analysis ofDaikai subwaystation in Hyogoken-nanbu earthquake[J].Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration,2002,22(4):102-107(in Chinese))
[15]刘晶波,吕彦东.结构-地基动力相互作用问题分析的一种直接方法[J].土木工程学报,1998,31(3):55-64(Liu Jingbo,LüYandong.A direct method for analysis of dynamic soil-structure interaction[J].China Civil Engineering Journal,1998,31(3):55-64(in Chinese))
[16]刘晶波,李彬.三维黏弹性静-动力统一人工边界[J].中国科学(E辑),2005,35(9):70-84(Liu Jingbo,Li Bin.A unified viscous-spring artificial boundary for3-D static and dynamic applications[J].Science in China(Series E),2005,48(5):570-584(in English))
[17]李彬,刘晶波.黏弹性人工边界在Marc中的实现[C]//第十四届全国结构工程学术会议论文集第I册.烟台:工程力学杂志社,2005(Li Bin,Liu Jingbo.Realization of viscous-spring artificial boundary in Marc[C]//Proceedings of the14th national conference on structural engineering.Yantai:Engineering Mechanics Press,2005(in Chinese))
[18]陆新征,缪志伟,江见鲸,等.静力和动力荷载作用下混凝土高层结构的倒塌模拟[J].山西地震,2006,(2):7-11(Lu Xinzheng,Miao Zhiwei,Jiang Jianjing,et al.Collapse simulation of high-rise structure of concrete under the action ofstaticanddynamicload[J].EarthquakeResearchinShanxi,2006,(2):7-11(in Chinese))
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