循环加、卸载条件下岩石类材料变形特性的实验研究
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摘要
从不同位移速率、不同载荷水平和不同岩石孔隙性(如坚硬致密的细粒砂岩和软弱多孔的混凝土加气砖等)3个角度对岩石类材料在循环加、卸载条件下所形成的封闭塑性滞回环的演化规律进行探讨。通过对其实验结果的分析发现:(1)岩石类材料在循环加、卸载条件下的卸载曲线与加载曲线不重合,确实将形成一封闭的塑性滞回环;(2)循环加、卸载条件下,加载曲线段的位移变化量在第1次循环期间变化较大,但从第2次循环开始,其位移变化量的变化并不明显,而卸载曲线段的位移变化量在整个循环加、卸载过程中的变化似乎都不明显;(3)一般而言,位移速率越大纵向载荷–纵向位移曲线的斜率就越大,载荷水平越高第1次循环中载荷卸载至零时所残余的位移量也越大;(4)从第2次循环开始,在每次循环加、卸载完成之后,加载曲线段的起点与卸载曲线段的终点几乎是重合的,即从第2次循环实验开始几乎不再产生新的残余位移量;(5)针对具有不同孔隙性的岩石,在不同位移速率和不同载荷水平时其循环加、卸载条件下的变形响应程度将有所不同。
The evolvement way of the plastic-loop closed by the deformation curve under the cycling loading and unloading conditions from the different displacement rates and the different load levels,and the different rock porosity(the compact fine-sandstone and the incompact aerated-concrete-brick) are introduced.The experimental results are analyzed,and the following phenomena are discovered:(1) rock deformation curve would form the plastic-loop under the cycling loading and unloading conditions because the deformation curve in loading zone differs from the deformation curve in unloading zone;(2) though the displacement change in the loading zone was more larger in the first circulate loading,the contrast of the displacement change in the loading zone of every cycling load would remain unchangeable since the second circulate loading,otherwise the contrast of the displacement change in the unloading zone would be un-conspicuous in the loading zone of every cycling load;(3) the slope of the load-displacement curve would increase when the displacement-rate increase,and the residual displacement after the first circulate loading and unloading would increase when the load-level increase;(4) in the load-displacement curve,the ending point of the unloading zone would be approximate the same as the starting point of the loading zonei,.e.new residual displacement from the second cycling load would not be generated;and(5) the response of the rock deformation to the different rock porosities under the cycling loading and unloading conditions would be different.
The evolvement way of the plastic-loop closed by the deformation curve under the cycling loading and unloading conditions from the different displacement rates and the different load levels,and the different rock porosity(the compact fine-sandstone and the incompact aerated-concrete-brick) are introduced.The experimental results are analyzed,and the following phenomena are discovered:(1) rock deformation curve would form the plastic-loop under the cycling loading and unloading conditions because the deformation curve in loading zone differs from the deformation curve in unloading zone;(2) though the displacement change in the loading zone was more larger in the first circulate loading,the contrast of the displacement change in the loading zone of every cycling load would remain unchangeable since the second circulate loading,otherwise the contrast of the displacement change in the unloading zone would be un-conspicuous in the loading zone of every cycling load;(3) the slope of the load-displacement curve would increase when the displacement-rate increase,and the residual displacement after the first circulate loading and unloading would increase when the load-level increase;(4) in the load-displacement curve,the ending point of the unloading zone would be approximate the same as the starting point of the loading zonei,.e.new residual displacement from the second cycling load would not be generated;and(5) the response of the rock deformation to the different rock porosities under the cycling loading and unloading conditions would be different.
引文
[1]蔡美峰,何满潮,刘东燕.岩石力学与工程[M].北京:科学出版社,2002.(Cai Meifeng,He Manchao,Liu Dongyan.Rock Mechanics and Engineering[M].Beijing:Science Press,2002.(in Chinese))
[2]Jager J C,Cook N G W.岩石力学基础[M].北京:科学出版社,1983.(Jager J C,Cook N G W.Fundamentals of Rock Mechanics[M].Beijing:Science Press,1983.(in Chinese))
[3]李永盛.加载速率对红砂岩力学效应的试验研究[J].同济大学学报(自然科学版),1995,23(3):265-269.(Li Yongsheng.Experimental analysis of the mechanical effects of loading rates on red sandstone[J].Journal of Tongji University(Natural Science),1995,23(3):265-269.(in Chinese))
[4]许江,鲜学福,大久保诚介.循环载荷对三城目安山岩变形特性的影响[J].重庆大学学报(自然科学版),2000,11(1):38-41.(Xu Jiang,Xian Xuefu,Okubo S.Effect of the circulate loading on the deformation of Sanjome Andesite[J].Journal of Chongqing University(Natural Science),2000,11(1):38-41.(in Chinese))
[5]刘云平,席道瑛,张程远,等.循环应力作用下大理岩砂岩的动态响应[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2001,20(2):216-219.(Liu Yunping,Xi Daoying,Zhang Chengyuan,et al.Dynamic response of marble and sandstone under rotational stress[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2001,20(2):216-219.(in Chinese))
[6]吴刚.岩体在加、卸荷条件下破坏效应的对比分析[J].岩土力学,1997,18(2):13-16.(Wu Gang.Comparison of failure effects of rock mass under loading and unloading conditions[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,1997,18(2):13-16.(in Chinese))
[7]席道瑛,王少刚,刘小燕,等.岩石的非线性弹塑性响应[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2002,21(6):772-777.(Xi Daoying,Wang Shaogang,Liu Xiaoyan,et al.Nonlinear elasto-plastic response of rocks[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2002,21(6):772-777.(in Chinese))
[8]谢红强,何江达,徐进.岩石加卸载变形特性及力学参数实验研究[J].岩土工程学报,2003,25(3):336-338.(Xie Hongqiang,He Jiangda,Xu jin.Deformation characteristics of rock under loading and unloading conditions and experimental study of mechanical parameters[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2003,25(3):336-338.(in Chinese))
[9]余怀忠,尹祥础,夏蒙棼,等.加卸载响应比(LURR)理论的实验研究[J].中国地震,2003,19(1):58-66.(Yu Huaizhong,Yin Xiangchu,Xia Mengfen,et al.Experimental research on the theory of LURR(load/unload response ratio)[J].Earthquake Research in China,2003,19(1):58-66.(in Chinese))
[10]陈运平,席道瑛,薛彦伟.循环载荷下饱和岩石的应力-应变动态响应[J].石油地球物理勘探,2003,38(4):409-413.(Chen Yunping,Xi Daoying,Xue Yanwei.Dynamic stress-strain response in saturated rocks under cycling load[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,2003,38(4):409-413.(in Chinese))
[2]Jager J C,Cook N G W.岩石力学基础[M].北京:科学出版社,1983.(Jager J C,Cook N G W.Fundamentals of Rock Mechanics[M].Beijing:Science Press,1983.(in Chinese))
[3]李永盛.加载速率对红砂岩力学效应的试验研究[J].同济大学学报(自然科学版),1995,23(3):265-269.(Li Yongsheng.Experimental analysis of the mechanical effects of loading rates on red sandstone[J].Journal of Tongji University(Natural Science),1995,23(3):265-269.(in Chinese))
[4]许江,鲜学福,大久保诚介.循环载荷对三城目安山岩变形特性的影响[J].重庆大学学报(自然科学版),2000,11(1):38-41.(Xu Jiang,Xian Xuefu,Okubo S.Effect of the circulate loading on the deformation of Sanjome Andesite[J].Journal of Chongqing University(Natural Science),2000,11(1):38-41.(in Chinese))
[5]刘云平,席道瑛,张程远,等.循环应力作用下大理岩砂岩的动态响应[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2001,20(2):216-219.(Liu Yunping,Xi Daoying,Zhang Chengyuan,et al.Dynamic response of marble and sandstone under rotational stress[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2001,20(2):216-219.(in Chinese))
[6]吴刚.岩体在加、卸荷条件下破坏效应的对比分析[J].岩土力学,1997,18(2):13-16.(Wu Gang.Comparison of failure effects of rock mass under loading and unloading conditions[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,1997,18(2):13-16.(in Chinese))
[7]席道瑛,王少刚,刘小燕,等.岩石的非线性弹塑性响应[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2002,21(6):772-777.(Xi Daoying,Wang Shaogang,Liu Xiaoyan,et al.Nonlinear elasto-plastic response of rocks[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2002,21(6):772-777.(in Chinese))
[8]谢红强,何江达,徐进.岩石加卸载变形特性及力学参数实验研究[J].岩土工程学报,2003,25(3):336-338.(Xie Hongqiang,He Jiangda,Xu jin.Deformation characteristics of rock under loading and unloading conditions and experimental study of mechanical parameters[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2003,25(3):336-338.(in Chinese))
[9]余怀忠,尹祥础,夏蒙棼,等.加卸载响应比(LURR)理论的实验研究[J].中国地震,2003,19(1):58-66.(Yu Huaizhong,Yin Xiangchu,Xia Mengfen,et al.Experimental research on the theory of LURR(load/unload response ratio)[J].Earthquake Research in China,2003,19(1):58-66.(in Chinese))
[10]陈运平,席道瑛,薛彦伟.循环载荷下饱和岩石的应力-应变动态响应[J].石油地球物理勘探,2003,38(4):409-413.(Chen Yunping,Xi Daoying,Xue Yanwei.Dynamic stress-strain response in saturated rocks under cycling load[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,2003,38(4):409-413.(in Chinese))
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