创伤患者早期心理反应他评量表在地震伤员中的应用
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摘要
目的通过对"5·12"汶川地震伤员进行心理评估,评价创伤早期心理反应他评量表的应用价值。方法分别应用临床常用自评量表(SCI-90、SDS、SAS、非精神科住院患者心理状态自评量表)、他评量表(自行建立由护士实施的创伤患者早期心理反应他评量表)和精神科诊断工具(CCMD-3),对21名地震伤员实施心理评估及精神或心理疾病诊断,分析各类评估量表的回收率。结果本组21名伤员存在一定的心理困扰,但均未呈现明显精神异常状态。SCL-90、SDS、SAS三者合一施测有效回收率低下,仅为9.5%;自行建立由护士实施的创伤患者早期心理反应他评量表及非精神科住院患者心理状态自评量表施测的有效回收率均达100%。结论在对地震伤员进行早期心理评估时,由护士执行的他评量表及条目较少的非精神科自评问卷更易为伤员接受,可信且有效。精神科诊断标准缺乏用于地震受伤伤员的普遍意义。
Objective To explore the application of nurse-administered psychological assessment scale for patients early after trauma in the wounded after Wenchuan earthquake.Methods The clinically commonly used self-rating scales (integrated SCL-90,SDS and SAS,and mental status scale in non-psychiatric settings),clinician-administered scale (nurse-administered psychological assessment scale for patients early after trauma)and diagnostic criteria in psychiatric settings(CCMD-3)were employed to assess the mental status of 21 patients after Wenchuan earthquake,and the recovery rates of these scales were analysed.Results All the 21 patients suffered from psychological disturbance to some extent, while none met the criteria of mental diseases.The recovery rate of the integrated SCL-90,SDS and SAS was only 9.5%, while those of the nurse-administered psychological assessment scale for patients early after trauma and mental status scale in non-psychiatric settings reached 100%.Conclusion The nurse-administered psychological assessment scale for patients early after trauma and mental status scale in non-psychiatric settings with fewer items are more suitable for the wounded early after earthquake,with a favourable confidence and efficacy.The diagnostic criteria in psychiatric settings can not be universally used in the wounded after earthquake.
Objective To explore the application of nurse-administered psychological assessment scale for patients early after trauma in the wounded after Wenchuan earthquake.Methods The clinically commonly used self-rating scales (integrated SCL-90,SDS and SAS,and mental status scale in non-psychiatric settings),clinician-administered scale (nurse-administered psychological assessment scale for patients early after trauma)and diagnostic criteria in psychiatric settings(CCMD-3)were employed to assess the mental status of 21 patients after Wenchuan earthquake,and the recovery rates of these scales were analysed.Results All the 21 patients suffered from psychological disturbance to some extent, while none met the criteria of mental diseases.The recovery rate of the integrated SCL-90,SDS and SAS was only 9.5%, while those of the nurse-administered psychological assessment scale for patients early after trauma and mental status scale in non-psychiatric settings reached 100%.Conclusion The nurse-administered psychological assessment scale for patients early after trauma and mental status scale in non-psychiatric settings with fewer items are more suitable for the wounded early after earthquake,with a favourable confidence and efficacy.The diagnostic criteria in psychiatric settings can not be universally used in the wounded after earthquake.
引文
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[2]尹智,王东明,卢杰.震后灾难心理及其救援对策研究[J].防灾科技学院学报,2007,9(3):13-16.
[3]李磊琼.地震后儿童心理干预与转变过程探索[J].中国健康心理学杂志,2007,15(6):526-528.
[4]汪向东.心理卫生评定量表手册增订版[M].北京:中国心理卫生杂志社,1999.
[5]刘晓虹.护理心理学[M].上海:上海科学技术出版社,2005.
[6]吴菁,刘晓虹.创伤急性期伤员心理评估现状与分析[J].第四军医大学学报,2007,28(8):761-762.
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